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1.
Hematol., Transfus. Cell Ther. (Impr.) ; 45(3): 358-367, July-Sept. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514177

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The oral involvement in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation is well described in the literature. The goal of the dental treatment and management of the oral lesions related to the HSCT is to reduce the harm caused by preexisting oral infection or even the worsening of oral acute/chronic GVHD and late effects. The aim of this guideline was to discuss the dental management of patients subjected to HSCT, considering three phases of the HSCT: pre-HSCT, acute phase, and late phase. The literature published from 2010 to 2020 was reviewed in order to identify dental interventions in this patient population. The selected papers were divided into three groups: pre-HSCT, acute and late, and were reviewed by the SBTMO Dental Committee's members. When necessary, an expertise opinion was considered for better translating the guideline recommendations to our population dental characteristics. This manuscript focused on the pre-HSCT dental management. The objective of the pre-HSCT dental management is to identify possible dental situations that On behalf of the Dental Committee of the Brazilian Society of Gene Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation (SBTMO) can worsening during the acute phase after the HSCT. Each guideline recommendations were made considering the Dentistry Specialties. The clinical consensus on dental management prior to HSCT provides professional health caregivers with clinical setting-specific information to help with the management of dental problems in patients to be subjected to HSCT.

2.
Hematol., Transfus. Cell Ther. (Impr.) ; 45(3): 379-386, July-Sept. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514180

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) might present acute and late toxicities and the oral tissues are frequently affected. With the survival increasing, patients show late and long-term morbidities, and there is an important association between the general and the oral health. The first and second parts of this Consensus have showed the importance of the adequacy of oral health in the pre-HSCT, and the main alterations and oral care during the period of admission for HSCT. This third part aims to review specific themes of post-HSCT dental care, such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and the pediatric patient. It also aims to review pertinent subjects, both during the HSCT period and post-HSCT, concerning quality of life, pain, cost-effectiveness, and remote care. Based on this review, it is evident the importance of the work of the dental surgeon (DS) in the follow-up and treatment of the HSCT patient, always collaborating with the whole multidisciplinary team.

3.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1444047

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the importance of improving visual assessment for community-dwelling older adult fallers. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with eligible older adults (> 60 years old) living in the community and who suffered at least one fall in the last 12 months from the PrevQuedas Brasil clinical trial. Sociodemographic data, information on previous falls, physical and functional assessment (BOMFAQ and FES-I) were collected. We evaluated impairments in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity using the Snellen E chart and low-contrast visual acuity tests, respectively. Dual visual impairment refers to the presence of both impairments. For statistical analysis we compared the participants in relation to the number of falls (single fallers or recurrent fallers) using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test and the significance level was <0.05 for all analyses. RESULTS: Visual acuity, low contrast sensitivity, and dual visual impairment were associated with recurrent falls (OR 1.85); visual impairment was more prevalent among the oldest old. Approximately 90% of the participants reported using glasses, and 63.80% used multifocal lenses. Dual impairment was identified in 143 (20.30%) participants. In multivariate logistic regression, the predictive variables for recurrent falls were low contrast sensitivity (95%CI 1.15­2.47), dual visual impairment (95%CI 1.16­2.83), and self-perceived fall risk (95%CI 1.16­2.46) which was measured using the Falls Efficacy Scale-International. CONCLUSION: Older adults with dual visual impairment are more likely to suffer recurrent falls. Low contrast sensitivity is crucial for fall risk assessment


OBJETIVO: Este estudo investiga a importância de avaliar a visão de idosos caidores na comunidade. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal com idosos elegíveis (> 60 anos) residentes na comunidade e que sofreram pelo menos uma queda nos últimos 12 meses do ensaio clínico PrevQuedas Brasil. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, informações sobre quedas pregressas, exames físicos e funcionais (BOMFAQ e FES-I). Avaliamos os comprometimentos da acuidade visual e da sensibilidade ao contraste por meio da Tabela E de Snellen e testes de acuidade visual de baixo contraste, respectivamente. O duplo déficit visual refere-se à presença de ambas as deficiências. Para análise estatística comparamos os idosos com relação ao número de quedas (caidores únicos ou caidores recorrentes) usando Qui-quadrado ou Teste exato de Fisher e o nível de significância foi <0.05 para todas as análises. RESULTADOS: Baixa acuidade visual, baixa sensibilidade ao contraste e duplo déficit visual foram associados a quedas recorrentes com odds ratio ­ OR 1,85, frequentemente mais prevalente entre os idosos longevos. Cerca de 90,00% dos idosos relataram usar óculos e 63,80% usavam lentes multifocais. O duplo déficit visual foi identificado em 143 (20,30%) participantes. Nos modelos de regressão logística multivariados, verificamos que as variáveis preditoras para queda recorrente foram a baixa sensibilidade ao contraste (intervalo de confiança ­ IC95% 1,15­2,47), duplo déficit (IC95% 1,16­2,83) e a autopercepção do risco de cair (IC95% 1,16­2,46) medido pela Falls Efficacy Scale-International. CONCLUSÃO: Idosos com baixa sensibilidade ao contraste e duplo déficit visual têm maiores chances de sofrerem múltiplas quedas quando comparados com idosos que possuem apenas baixa acuidade visual. Assim, a baixa sensibilidade ao contraste é essencial na avaliação do risco de quedas dos idosos


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Contrast Sensitivity , Visual Acuity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Sociodemographic Factors
4.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 20(5): 458-466, set. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-296

ABSTRACT

Frailty can be defined as a biologic syndrome that results from decline in multiple systems leading to vulnerability, with poorer capacity of the organism to maintain homeostasis facing stressing events. Physical symptoms of frailty involve unintentional weight loss, decreased physical activity level, exhaustion, muscle weakness, impaired balance and gait. Together, these symptoms can compromise independence in activities of daily living. Physical Therapy can improve muscle strength, balance, gait and cardiorespiratory aptitude of frail elderly, but remains unclear what is the best intervention strategy: unimodal or multimodal interventions, with combined exercises. This systematic review aimed: (1) to compare the efficacy of unimodal and multimodal Physical Therapy interventions; (2) to analyze its effects on clinical outcomes and (3) to elucidate what is the best modality of exercise and its combination in order to improve physical symptoms and independence in frail elderly. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Medline, PEDro, Lilacs and Scielo databases. We obtained 2,579 studies and 17 were included in analysis. Studies analyzed the following clinical outcomes: mobility, muscle strength, balance, falls and fear of falling, quality of life and functional capacity. We conclude that both unimodal and multimodal interventions have potential to promote beneficial effects, but the analyzed studies have important methodological issues that negatively affect their quality. Although the beneficial effects of both interventions, the quality of studies analyzed does not allow us to generalize these effects. We suggest that new clinical trials should be conducted with a stronger methodology and according to current guidelines for randomized clinical trials.


A fragilidade pode ser definida como uma síndrome biológica que resulta da diminuição da função de diversos sistemas, conduzindo à vulnerabilidade e pior capacidade do organismo para manter a homeostase frente a eventos estressores. As características físicas da fragilidade envolvem perda involuntária de peso, diminuição do nível de atividade física, cansaço, fraqueza muscular, diminuição do equilíbrio e marcha. Esses sintomas podem comprometer a independência nas atividades de vida diária. A fisioterapia pode melhorar a força muscular, equilíbrio, marcha e aptidão cardiorrespiratória de idosos frágeis, mas não está claro qual é a melhor estratégia: intervenções unimodais ou multimodais, com exercícios combinados. Sendo assim, esta revisão sistemática objetivou: (1) comparar a eficácia de intervenções unimodais e multimodais; (2) analisar os efeitos sobre os resultados clínicos e (3) elucidar qual a melhor modalidade de exercício e suas combinações na melhora dos sintomas físicos e independência em idosos frágeis. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Medline, Pedro, Lilacs e Scielo. Obtivemos 2.579 estudos e 17 foram incluídos na análise. Os estudos incluídos analisaram os desfechos mobilidade, força muscular, equilíbrio, quedas e medo de cair, qualidade de vida e capacidade funcional. Concluimos que as intervenções unimodais e multimodais têm potencial para promover efeitos benéficos, mas os estudos analisados apresentaram falhas metodológicas que afetam a qualidade dos mesmos. Apesar dos benefícios de ambas as intervenções, a qualidade dos estudos não nos permite generalizar esses efeitos. Sugerimos que novos ensaios clínicos devam ser conduzidos, com metodologia de acordo com as recomendações para ensaios clínicos randomizados.


Subject(s)
Rehabilitation , Aged , Frail Elderly , Physical Therapy Modalities , Geriatrics
5.
Acta fisiátrica ; 20(4): 219-223, dezembro.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-704964

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes amputados de membros inferiores atendidos no Lar Escola São Francisco de 2006 a 2012. Método: A coleta de dados foi realizada de modo retrospectivo com 474 prontuários selecionados para verificar: gênero, idade, etnia, etiologia e nível de amputação, doenças associadas, intervalos de tempo entre a amputação e avaliação inicial e entre a avaliação inicial e a alta, presença de dor fantasma, uso de dispositivo auxiliar para marcha ou locomoção e independência em AVD. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente (porcentagem e média) e foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado, com p < 0,05, como teste de diferença de proporção para etnia e etiologia. Resultados: Trezentos e trinta e nove pacientes (72%) eram homens com média de idade de 56,2 anos; os níveis de amputação foram 43% transfemoral e 44% transtibial; a etiologia da amputação foi vascular em 341 pacientes (72%) sendo 73% em caucasianos; hipertensão arterial sistêmica e diabetes melitus foram as doenças associadas mais prevalentes; 267 pacientes (56%) foram protetizados, 100 pacientes (21%) abandonaram o tratamento. Conclusão: A população de amputados atendida no Lar Escola São Francisco no período estudado é composta, em sua maioria, por pacientes do gênero masculino, na quinta década da vida, com amputação de origem vascular nos níveis transfemoral e transtibial. Pouco mais da metade é protetizado, o índice de abandono do tratamento é elevado e o intervalo de tempo para reabilitação ainda é longo.


Objective: To analyze the epidemiology of lower limb amputees assisted at the Lar Escola São Francisco, between 2006 and 2012. Method: Samples were collected from medical records and found gender, age, ethnicity, etiology, amputation level, diseases, amputation and time between initial assessment, therapy time before and after fitting, time between baseline and discharge, use of assistive device and ADL. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically and variables were presented by percentage and average. Results: 72% of the sample were male with a mean age of 56.2 years; 44% transfemoral and 43% transtibial; 72% of vascular origin with 73% caucasian. Conclusion: The population of amputees assisted at the Lar Escola São Francisco is composed mostly of male patients, between 50-60 years, with transfemural and transtibial vascular amputations. More than a half was fitted with a prosthesis, disregard index is high and time to rehabilitation is lengthy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Rehabilitation Centers , Health Profile , Lower Extremity/pathology , Amputees/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies/instrumentation , Retrospective Studies
6.
Psicol. teor. pesqui ; 26(2): 371-380, abr.-jun. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-557290

ABSTRACT

O artigo apresenta o processo de construção e validação estatística do instrumento de Reações à Interface Gráfica, aplicado a uma amostra de 1.892 alunos de um curso-alvo, oferecido pelo SEBRAE em nível nacional. O objetivo da escala era investigar a opinião dos participantes quanto à usabilidade da interface gráfica do curso. Os dados foram coletados ao final do curso, por meio de questionário hospedado na internet. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas de componentes principais (PC), fatoriais (PAF) e de consistência interna (Alpha de Cronbach). O instrumento apresentou estrutura unifatorial, com 15 itens, explicando 57,46 por cento da variância total das respostas e índice de confiabilidade de 0,95. Os resultados indicam uma escala estatisticamente válida e confiável. Sugerem-se mais estudos, em outros contextos educacionais.


This article presents the construction and statistical validation process of the Graphic Interface Reactions Scale, applied to a sample of 1.892 students of a target course, offered by SEBRAE in Brazil. The scale aims to investigate the students' opinion about the graphic interface usability of the course. Data were collected at the end of the course by means of a questionnaire hosted in an internet site. Statistical analysis of the principal (PC), factorial (PAF) and internal consistency (Alpha Coefficient) components was performed. The scale presents a unifactorial structure, with 15 items, explaining 57,46 percent of the total variance, and Alpha coefficient of 0,95. Results indicate a statistically valid and reliable scale. Further research in different education contexts is suggested.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Distance , Education, Continuing , Education, Professional , Professional Training
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