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1.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 29(11): 1467-71, Nov. 1996. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-187207

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to compare gallium-67 citrate lung imaging with the pulmonary clearance of 99mTc-DTPA (technetium 99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) in 9 patients with amiodarone pneumonitis (8 males and 1 female, aged 58 to 76 years). The diagnosis of amiodarone pneumonitis was based on clinical and radiological grounds in all patients, and histological changes in seven. The mean values for the effective half-life of the pulmonary clearance of 99mTc-DTPA aerosol were below the normal range in all 9 patients, and lower than the values obtained previously for patients on a long-term amiodarone regimen without side effects. Positive gallium-67 accumulation was demonstrated in 7 of the 9 patients. Two patients had negative gallium-67 imaging and increased alveolar-capillary 99mTc-DTPA clearance; with corticosteroid therapy and discontinuation of amiodarone, their radiological changes and clearance became normal within 120 days. In conclusion, when compared to gallium-67 lung imaging, the 99mTc-DTPA aerosol clearance is more advantageous because it is a much faster test than the gallium scan. This is essential for those patients suspected of amiodarone pneumonitis who need specific therapy as soon as possible. Moreover, the 99mTc-DTPA aerosol clearance test appears to be a more useful diagnostic tool because it is positive even in those patients who have normal gallium-67 lung imaging.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Amiodarone/adverse effects , Gallium Radioisotopes , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Aged, 80 and over
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 28(8): 875-9, Aug. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-156282

ABSTRACT

Most controlled studies in humans indicate that ranitidine does not alter theophylline metabolism, even at high doses. However, there have been several case reports published recently which demostrate the development of theophylline toxicity mostly in older patients receiving stable oral doses of this drug when ranitidine was administered simultaneously. We studied eleven elderly (mean age, 69,0 + or - 6.2 years) patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). During one week the patients took slow-release theophylline, 200 mg every 12 h, followed by one week intake of the same dose of theophylline plus ranitidine tables, 150 mg every 12h. At the end of each period, blood samples were obtained 0,1,2,3,4,6,7,8 and 12h after the morning dose for the determination of serum theophylline levels. the peak theophylline concentration was achieved after 4.1 + or - 0.9 h while the patients were taking theophylline, and after 2.9 + or - 1.4 h with the combined regimen. This difference was statistically significant. These results suggest that the reported increases in serum theophylline levels in older patients receiving theophylline and ranitidine cannot be ascribed to slower theophylline metabolism in the geriatric patient with COPD who is also given ranitidine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Histamine H2 Antagonists/administration & dosage , Lung Diseases, Obstructive/metabolism , Ranitidine/administration & dosage , Theophylline/administration & dosage , Age Factors , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drug Interactions , Drug Therapy, Combination , Ranitidine/blood , Ranitidine/metabolism , Theophylline/blood , Theophylline/metabolism
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 27(12): 2869-77, Dec. 1994. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-153286

ABSTRACT

1. Studies in asthmatic subjects have reported conflicting results about the arrhythmogenic effects of beta agonist and theophylline. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the combination of these drugs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 2. Twelve COPD patients (FEV1 = 1.2 + or - 0.3 L; PaO2 = 65.7 + or - 9.0 mmHg) we evaluated by 24-h Holter monitoring on three different days. The first evaluation was done after the patient had been without any treatment for at least 24 h, the second after sustained-release theophylline for one week and the third after oral beta agonist (albuterol) and theophylline for one week. 3. Mean serum level of theophylline was 1.9, 15.6 an 17.7 µg/ml, and mean heart rate was 78.3, 82.0 and 84.5 beats/min for the first, second and third period, respectively. Four patients showed more than 10 premature atrial contractions/h in the baseline Holter, and this rate did not increase after either treatment. Three patients had more than 10 premature ventricular contractions/h (PVC) at baseline, with no increase while receiving theophylline or the combination of theophylline and albuterol. However, one patient did have worsening of the arrhythmia while taking both drugs. There were 5 single PVCs/h at baseline and 150 single and 9 coupled PVCs/h plus 1 episode of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia during combined therapy. 4. We conclude that the combination of theophylline and a beta agonist (albuterol) may increase the premature ventricular contraction rate and the complexity of ectopic activity in COPD patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Albuterol/administration & dosage , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/chemically induced , Drug Therapy, Combination , Lung Diseases, Obstructive/drug therapy , Theophylline/blood , Administration, Oral , Albuterol/blood , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology
4.
J. pneumol ; 10(2): 73-6, 1984.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-23017

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados 20 pacientes portadores de obstrucao bronquica atraves de provas espirometricas em condicoes basais e apos 10 minutos da inalacao de 0,5mg de terbutalina. Analisaram-se a capacidade vital forcada, o volume expiratorio forcado no primeiro segundo, o fluxo expiratorio forcado na porcao media da curva de capacidade vital e a correcao isovolume deste fluxo.Verificou-se, apos o broncodilatador, aumento nos valores destas variaveis, com excecao do fluxo medio que mostrou decrescimo em seis dos pacientes estudados. Apos o ajuste dos pontos 25 e 75% sobre a curva da capacidade vital, observou-se aumento significativo destes valores, caracterizando a importancia da correcao isovolume do fluxo medio expiratorio forcado


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Airway Obstruction , Lung Volume Measurements , Terbutaline , Forced Expiratory Flow Rates , Forced Expiratory Volume
5.
Rev. bras. clín. ter ; 13(9): 362-7, 1984.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-23612

Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia
7.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-13883

ABSTRACT

Foram analisadas 42 provas de funcao pulmonar, sendo 19 de individuos normais sem sintomas ou sinais cardio-respiratorios atuais e pregressos e 23 cardiopatas na vigencia de sinais clinicos de insuficiencia cardiaca. Nenhum era fumante. A prova funcional consistiu na realiazacao das curvas expiratorias volume-tempo, fluxo-volume, na obtencao da ventilacao voluntaria maxima e no "washout" de nitrogenio que permite o calculo do volume de fechamento e de sua relacao com a capacidade vital. No grupo controle, todas as variaveis analisadas estavam em limites normais Os pacientes com evidencias clinicas de insuficiencia cardiaca apresentaram reducao dos volumes pulmonares e dos fluxos aereos. Neste grupo a relacao entre o volume de fechamento e a capacidade vital, assim como a variacao porcentual de nitrogenio entre 750 e 1.250 ml do ar expirado mostraram-se elevadas. Estes resultados permitem concluir pela existencia de oclusao precoce das pequenas vias aereas nas bases pulmonares que por sua vez contribui na exacerbacao do defeito distributivo pulmonar


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Closing Volume , Heart Failure , Vital Capacity
8.
J. pneumol ; 9(2): 69-72, 1983.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-16220

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados 13 pacientes, portadores de diversos processos morbidos bronco-pulmonares, com indicacao de broncografia. As idades estavam compreendidas entre 20 a 67 anos sendo a media 37,6 +/- 12,3 anos.Destes, cinco pacientes eram do sexo masculino e oito do feminino. Todos os individuos foram submetidos a prova espirometrica, atraves de pneumotacografo, em condicoes basais e apos a realizacao de broncografia unilateral. O tempo transcorrido entre o exame radiologico e a prova funcional, foi sempre inferior a uma hora. Os exames evidenciam reducao de 19% na capacidade vital forcada, de 28% no volume residual, de 27% na capacidade pulmonar total e de 28% na ventilacao voluntaria maxima. A reducao dos fluxos expiratorios oscilou entre 14 e 29%, sendo a alteracao mais pronunciada naqueles que inferem a resistencia das pequenas vias aereas. Estes fatos geram irregularidade na distribuicao intrapulmonar do ar inspirado, como se verifica na analise do delta N2%. Os resultados permitem concluir que a broncografia determina o aparecimento de disturbio funcional misto, obstrutivo e restritivo com desigualdade na distribuicao intrapulmonar no ar inspirado


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Bronchography , Lung , Respiratory Function Tests
11.
13.
Rev. paul. med ; 99(3): 11-3, 1982.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-8129

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados 16 pacientes portadores de derrame pleural, cujas idades estavam compreendidas entre 21 e 64 anos, sendo a media 40,31 +/- 13,84 anos. Todos os individuos foram submetidos a prova espirometrica e estudo de mecanica respiratoria. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram reducao dos volumes pulmonares (capacidade vital forcada, volume residual, capacidade residual funcional e consequentemente capacidade pulmonar total). A relacao porcentual entre o volume expiratorio forcado no primeiro segundo e a capacidade vital forcada manteve-se normal, observando-ses discreta reducao da ventilacao voluntaria maxima e aumento do volume minuto.A mecanica respiratoria se caracterizou pela reducao da complacencia estatica, com manutencao em niveis normais de resistencia pulmonar total. As relacoes entre o volume corrente e o tempo inspiratorio e entre este e o tempo total do ciclo respiratorio forma normais e,finalmente a relacao porcentual entre as complacencias dinamica e estatica nao se alterou com a elevacao da frequencia respiratoria.Estes resultados permitem concluir pela existencia de disturbio funcional do tipo restritivo com hiperventilacao pulmonar.Os impulsos gerados pelo centro respiratorio sao normais e nao se observa nos derrames pleurais alteracao de resistencia pulmonar, nem comprometimento das pequenas vias aereas


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Pleural Effusion , Lung , Respiratory Function Tests
14.
J. pneumol ; 8(1): 35-9, 1982.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-8883

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados 29 pacientes portadores de cardiopatias, sendo 17 com disfucao mitral sem repercussao hemodinamica significativa e sem evidencias clinicas de descompensacao cardiaca, e 12 com valvopatias ou miocardiopatias com sinais clinicos evidentes de insuficiencia. Nenhum era fumante.Todos os individuos foram submetidos a prova espirometrica, observando-se tendencia a reducao da capacidade vital, do volume expiratorio forcado no primeiro segundo, da ventilacao voluntaria maxima e dos fluxos expiratorios no grupo de descompensacao cardiaca. A revelacao entre o volume de fechamento e a capacidade vital forcada elevou-se discretamente neste grupo, sem haver, entretanto, diferencas estatisticas entre ambos. A variacao na concentracao de nitrogenio no gas expirado entre 750 e 1250 ml de expiracao aumentou de forma acentuada nos pacientes com falencia cardiaca. Os resultados obtidos permitem caracterizar o deficit funcional respiratorio na vigencia de insuficiencia cardiaca como quadro obstrutivo bronquico, predominando em vias aereas perifericas, com discreta reducao da capacidade vital e desigualdade na distribuicao do ar inspirado.A intensidade destas alteracoes expirometricas se relaciona com o grau da descompensacao


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Heart Failure , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Respiratory Function Tests
16.
Arq. méd. ABC ; 4(1): 5-10, 1981.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-6240

ABSTRACT

Os autores estudaram a etiopatogenia do enfisema pulmonar relacionando os varios fatores envolvidos. Assim, analisou-se as principais etiologias, como a importancia das infeccoes bronquicas por Haemophilus influenzae; a acao do cadmio e de enzimas proteoliticas, dentre as quais a alfa-antitripsina; a influencia de fatores congenitos; e, a influencia do proprio intersticio pulmonar. Estes mecanismos etiopatogenicos sao relacionados as alteracoes fisiopatologicas e anatomopatologicas observadas


Subject(s)
alpha 1-Antitrypsin , Pulmonary Emphysema , Bronchitis , Cadmium
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