ABSTRACT
Abstract The skin demonstrates what is happening in the body in many diseases, as it reflects some internal processes on the surface. In this sense, skin as an organ, goes beyond its protective and barrier functions, as it provides clues for the identification of some systemic diseases. The dermatologist then raises diagnostic hypotheses for conditions related to all systems and refers them to the appropriate specialty. With easy access to examination by trained eyes and biopsies, the skin can present specific or non specific alterations on histopathology. In the first case this combination establishes the diagnosis of the disease itself. Non specific manifestations can occur in a variety of contexts and then histopathology is not specific of a particular disease. This article is divided into two parts that will cover large groups of diseases. In this first part, cutaneous manifestations of the main rheumatologic diseases are described, which are the ones with the greatest interface with dermatology. The authors also talk about vascular manifestations and granulomatous diseases. In the second part, endocrinological, hematological, oncological, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal diseases, pruritus and its causes are discussed, and finally, the dermatological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection. The authors' intention is that, by using direct and easily accessible language, aim to provide practical material for consultation and improvement to all dermatologists who recognize the importance of a comprehensive assessment of their patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Skin Diseases/etiology , Skin Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Collagen Diseases , COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Introdução: O envelhecimento é um conjunto de alterações fisiológicas inevitáveis e irreversíveis. No intuito de retardar e até de reverter esse processo, várias técnicas têm sido utilizadas. Objetivo: Comparar eficácia e efeitos colaterais locais de duas fórmulas que utilizam o fenol: Baker-Gordon e Hetter. Métodos: Sete pacientes foram incluídas neste estudo comparativo onde, na hemiface direita utilizou-se a fórmula de Baker Gordon e na esquerda, a de Hetter. As avaliações da intensidade da dor durante a aplicação e dos sinais clínicos do desconforto nos dias subsequentes foram feitas através de escala subjetiva de três níveis para cada lado da face. A avaliação dos resultados clínicos após 6 meses, foi feita pelas pacientes e pelo médico aplicador. Resultados: A intensidade da dor durante a aplicação foi equivalente em ambas as fórmulas. Com a fórmula de Hetter, a integridade da pele foi mais rapidamente restabelecida e os efeitos indesejados foram de menor intensidade. Quanto aos resultados clínicos finais, 2 pacientes preferiram a fórmula de Baker-Gordon, 1 a de Hetter enquanto para 4 o resultado foi indiferente. O médico avaliador julgou que 5 pacientes tiveram resultados semelhantes em ambas as hemi-faces, enquanto 2 apresentaram melhor avaliação com cada uma das fórmulas respectivamente. Conclusão: As formulações se equivalem no tratamento de rítides faciais.
Introduction: Aging is considered to be a set of inevitable and irreversible physiological changes. Several techniques have been used with the aim of slowing down and even reversing this process. Objective: To compare the efficacy and local side effects of two phenol-based formulas: the Baker-Gordon formula and the Hetter formula. Methods: Seven pacients were included in a split-face comparative study. The Baker-Gondon and the Hetter formulas were applied on the right and left facial sides respectively. The pain felt during the procedure and intensity of clinical changes in the period following the peeling were measured through a 3 degrees subjetive scale, for each side of the face. The clinic results after 6 months were evaluated by patients and the doctor Who performed the procedures. Results: The pain intensity during the procedure was equivalent for both formulas. With the Hetter's formula the skin's integrity was restored more quickly and the undesirable effects were of lower intensity. Regarding the final clinical results two patients preferred the Baker-Gordon formula, one gave preference to the Hetter's formula and for 4 patients the results were unconcerned. In the medical evaluation, 5 patients had similar results on both facial sides , while 2 presented better clinical results with each formula, respectively. Conclusion: The Gordon-Baker and the Hetter formulas are equivalent for the treatment of facial rhytids.
ABSTRACT
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can affect skin and joints. Their treatment varies depending on the severity and includes topical and systemic. Among the latter are the immunobiological that target the T cell We report a case that demonstrates the close relationship between psoriasis, lymphoma and biologic therapies.
A psoríase é uma doença inflamatória crônica que pode afetar a pele e as articulações. Seu tratamento varia conforme a gravidade e inclui medicamentos tópicos e sistêmicos. Dentre os últimos estão os imunobiológicos, que têm como alvo a célula T. Relatamos um caso que demonstra a estreita relação entre a psoríase, o linfoma e os imunobiológicos.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/adverse effects , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Lymphoma/etiology , Psoriasis/drug therapy , Psoriasis/complications , Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor , Skin Neoplasms/etiologyABSTRACT
A hidradenite é uma inflamação crônica e supurativa das glândulas apócrinas. Ocorre mais frequentemente, nas mulheres, iniciando durante ou após a puberdade. Os locais mais acometidos são as axilas, porém, outras regiões ricas em glândulas apócrinas, podem ser comprometidas. A localização intermamária, de forma exclusiva, é rara e não encontramos relatos de outros casos semelhantes. Sua etiologia ainda não foi completamente elucidada.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammation of the apocrine glands. It usually starts at or soon after puberty, and women are more often affected than men. The most affected sites are the axillae; however, other regions rich in apocrine glands may also be affected. Involvement restricted to the inframammary fold alone is rare and to the best of our knowledge there have been no reports of any similar cases. The etiology of this condition has yet to be fully clarified.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Breast Diseases/pathology , Hidradenitis Suppurativa/pathologyABSTRACT
Relatamos um caso de higroma cístico na face de uma criança de quatro meses de idade. Havia história de aumento de volume congênito na hemiface direita que involuiu consideravelmente após sinais de infecção. O higroma cístico ou linfangioma é uma malformação congênita rara do sistema linfático, presente ao nascimento em 50 por cento dos casos. Localiza-se preferencialmente na região cervical e na face. Geralmente evolui com crescimento lento e progressivo, podendo comprimir e infiltrar estruturas adjacentes. Sua regressão espontânea ocorre em apenas 6 por cento dos casos.
This report describes the case of a cystic hygroma on the face of a four-month old child. There was a history of congenital swelling of the right hemiface that decreased considerably following signs of infection. The cystic hygroma or lymphangioma is a rare congenital malformation of the lymphatic system that is present at birth in 50 percent of cases. It is usually located on the neck or face. It generally grows slowly and progressively and may compress and infiltrate adjacent structures. Its spontaneous regression occurs in only 6 percent of cases.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Facial Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lymphangioma, Cystic/diagnosis , Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous , Lymphatic System/abnormalities , Remission, Spontaneous , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
O pseudoxantoma elástico perfurante periumbilical (PEPP), ou elastose cálcica perfurante, é distúrbio raro e sua patogênese está associada a alteração da fibra elástica, tendo o trauma provável participação. Apresenta-se caso de paciente de 70 anos com quadro de máculas enegrecidas e pápulas encimadas por crostas na região periareolar e periumbilical há mais de dez anos. O exame histopatológico revelou fibras elásticas alteradas, repletas de cálcio, e formação de pertuito na derme com fibras elásticas degradadas no seu interior. O caso descrito corresponde ao PEPP, que nesta paciente também acomete área periareolar bilateralmente.
The periumbilical perforating pseudoxanthoma elasticum or perforating calcific elastosis is a rare disorder and its pathogenesis is associated with the alteration of elastic fibers, which may probably result from trauma. We present the case of a 70-year-old woman with long-time blackish maculas and keratotic surface papules on the periareolar and periumbilical regions. The histopathological examination revealed altered elastic fibers, replete with calcium and formation of a path in the dermis with elastic fibers degraded in their interior, confirming the clinical diagnosis.