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Background: It is estimated that exposures in the workplace account for around one in ten cases respiratory morbidities in adulthood. Being a respiratory ailment, this group of disorders impairs the pulmonary functions. The objective of the study was to assess the work-related health hazards, personal hygiene and utilization of personal protective equipments among stone quarry workers in Wardha district in Maharashtra. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 348 subjects working in the stone quarries situated in Yelakeli, Deoli, Paloti, Pulgaon, Borgaon, Nachangaon in Wardha district in Maharashtra. Results: 114 (32.75%) of the people reportedly had respiratory problems, body ache was reported by 154 (44.2%), eye problem was reported by 66 (18.9%), fever was told by 13 people (3.7%), other problems (like hearing related, skin, GIT etc) reported were 14 (4.02%). Chi-square test was found to be non-significant. Conclusions: None of the workers had undergone pre-placement examination. Personal protective measures are rarely used by stone quarry workers
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Background: Large number of factors related to mother and neonates can affects breastfeeding technique. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to know the association of maternal and neonatal characteristics that can affect correct breastfeeding techniques after intervention among post natal mothers admitted in a tertiary care centre.Methods: An institutional-based pre and post interventional study design was used. 414 lactating mothers were contacted during study period.Results: It was found that parity, time of delivery, mode of delivery, birth weight were statistically significantly associated with correct breast feeding technique.Conclusions:This study highlights that correct breastfeeding technique depends on various factors related to mother and neonate.
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Background: According to WHO, adolescence is the population of 10-19 years of age. According to NFHS III, in Chhattisgarh, 58.7% adolescent girls and 34.6% adolescent boys aged between 15-19 years were anemic. So, to combat anemia MoHFW launched weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFS) programme with the objectives to reduce the prevalence. Thus the present study was in attempts with the objective to assess anemia status among school going adolescent of Raipur and Jashpur districts of Chhattisgarh.Methods: It was a school based cross-sectional study conducted in the two districts of Chhattisgarh during 2017-18 among the students aged between 12-19 years and the sample size was 480. By using simple random sampling method, four schools from each district and from each school total 60 students i.e. 10 students from each class 7th -12th were selected by using systematic random sampling method. Permission from DEO of the respective district followed by permission from the principal of each schools and consent from parents of the student was taken and then study was proceeded.Results: In the present study, the mean age of the students in Raipur and Jashpur district was 15.1±1.8 years and 15.2±1.8 years respectively. Out of all the students, in Raipur district, 101 (42.1%) students were found to be anemic and mean Hemoglobin level was 12.5±1.9 gm/dl. In Jashpur district about two third 147 (61.2%) of the students were anemic and mean Hemoglobin level was 11.9±1.9 gm/dl.Conclusions: This study concluded that anemia is still high among adolescent boys and girls
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Background: Under nutrition is significant health problem in India as well as in Chhattisgarh, recent NFHS 4 data shows that there is increase in number of children who are severely wasted from 5.6% in NFHS 3 to 8.4% in Chhattisgarh. Literature shows appropriate feeding practices and break in malnutrition infection cycle help malnourished child to recover, so present study was planned with the objective to find out the role of mother knowledge regarding feeding practices and management of minor ailments related to improvement of severe acute malnourished children discharged cured from nutritional rehabilitation centres in Chhattisgarh.Methods: A community based study was planned among children discharged as cured from NRC between March to December 2017. They were followed in community to find out socio-demographic factor, feeding practice after discharge, mother knowledge score, household dietary diversity using 24 hour recall method & anthropometric measurements.Results: Out of 156 children discharged as cured from March to December 2017, total 132 children were covered during the survey from January to June 2018. It was observed that improvement in nutritional status after discharge was significantly associated with increasing knowledge score for mother regarding nutrition and children who were separately feed after discharge from NRC.Conclusions: Mother knowledge regarding nutrition and management of minor ailments and feeding practice to child after discharge are important factors associated with the improvement of children from SAM
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Background: Tobacco consumption in various forms in recent years is a proven risk factor and contributes substantially to the emerging epidemic. Increasing tobacco use and its impact on physical and psychosocial health is a worldwide public health concern affecting the early youth and whole life of the individuals. Tobacco is used in different forms and health effects are seen irrespective of the form in which it is used. Smokeless tobacco is found to be as addictive and harmful as smoking. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and factors influencing smokeless consumption among high school students in Raipur city. Methods: Study design: Cross-sectional, Study area: 16 selected high schools of Raipur city, in which 12 were government schools and 4 private schools. Study subjects: 1006 high-school students, Sampling technique: Two stage cluster sampling according to probability proportional to size, Study tool: Predesigned pretested questionnaire. Statistical analysis: Data was entered in Microsoft excel sheet and analyzed in Epi info 7 software. Results: The mean age of students in the study was 15 years. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption was 10%. Majority male 80.9% were users, mean age of initiation was 13 years (SD 7.07), Peer pressure (76%) was the reason for initiation. Pocket money 57.1% found to be the major source of purchasing. Strong association of family member tobacco use and promotional advertisement were found. Conclusion: Study reflects smokeless tobacco use was prevalent among adolescent students and there is a need for targeted interventions to reduce the risk and deleterious consequences.
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Background: Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and its end stage, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is the major public health challenge of modern time. A variety of exogenously acquired infectious agents appear to influence the pace of HIV replication, the destruction of CD4+ T cells, and HIV transmission to infants and sexual partners. More persistent elevations in plasma HIV levels have been seen in patients with chronic infections (such as those with tuberculosis and herpes and hepatitis viruses), and such co-infected patients have a more rapid loss of CD4+ T cells and an increased rate of progression to AIDS and death. Within India, variable co-infection rates have been reported from region to region. With the above background, the present study was undertaken to study the seroprevalence of hepatotropic viruses (Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus) in HIV-positive individuals attending the Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre (ICTC) in Mayo hospital of Nagpur city, Maharashtra, India. Methods: The current prospective study was conducted in the department of microbiology, Indira Gandhi government medical college and Mayo general hospital, Nagpur (Maharashtra) from August 2005 to August 2007. All the patients attending ICTC were included in the study. 300 HIV negative matched controls were also included in the study. All the individuals who were positive for HIV infection were selected for this study and further tested for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies. Data was compiled in MS excel. Then it was analyzed using online statistical calculator and chi square test were applied with value of P <0.05 was considered statistically significant for interpretation of finding. Results: Maximum numbers of HIV positive patients (38.8%) were in age group of 31-40 years. Present study showed male preponderance in HIV positive patients. Males showed a slightly high seroprevalence of HBsAg (9.21%) compared to females (7.57%) among HIV positive patients. The difference in positivity of two viral agents studied in HIV positive patients was highly significant as compared to HIV-negative individuals (P <0.001). Conclusion: On the basis of the findings that the co-infection of hepatotropic viruses (HBV and HCV) were significantly higher in HIV positive cases than controls, the study concludes that the chronic viral hepatitis is a serious concern in HIV-infected patients. Thus, there is an urgent need to ensure the screening of the same in HIV-infected patients.