ABSTRACT
Background: Elective gallbladder surgery is the most common abdominal surgical procedure. Antibiotic prophylaxis is a common conduct in open cholecystectomy, but there is ambiguity about the use of prophylactic antibiotics in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Some surgeons suggest that the elimination of prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy increase the incidence of postoperative infective complications but not to a statistically significant degree. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of prophylactic antibiotics in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: A total of 100 patients were included and they were randomized in 2 groups of 50 each. Group A was given prophylactic intravenously (IV) antibiotic within 1 hour before surgery and group B was not given any antibiotics. Results were compared and data analyzed statistically using chi-square and t test. Complications in both the groups were compared.Results: Rate of surgical site infections were 6% (n=3) and 4% (n=2) in group A and B respectively; and the difference between them was not found statistically significant. All infections which occurred in present study were superficial surgical site infection. There was no evidence of deep-seated infections and none of the patients developed distant infection. There was no derangement in any of the biochemical parameter in this study.Conclusions: We were not able to demonstrate any significant benefit from addition of prophylactic antibiotics in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy have a high risk of malnutrition secondary to the disease and treatment, and majority of cancer patients suffer from different degrees of malnutrition, depending on tumour subtype, location, staging and treatment strategy. Early nutritional assessment can identify problems to help patients increase or maintain weight, improve their response to treatment, and reduce complications. This study aimed to determine the nutritional status of patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 447 subjects diagnosed with cancer of various sites and scheduled for three cycles of induction or adjuvant chemotherapy. Nutritional status of each subject was assessed based on nutritional parameters i.e. Anthropometric [BMI, MAMC, TSF, and MAC] and Biochemical [(Haemoglobin, Serum electrolytes and Albumin)] measurements before the initiation of chemotherapy, and follow-up assessment was performed on the completion of third cycle of chemotherapy. Results: In this study it has been found that 95% of subjects suffered from weight loss post chemotherapy. The't' test showed a significant decrease in TSF [t=4.8(p<0.01)], MAC [t=5.94 (p<0.01)] and MAMC, t=5.34(p<0.01) before and after 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Conclusion:The nutritional status assessment must be carried out on each patient at the beginning and during the treatment. The cancer patients are at high risk of malnutrition and associated comorbidities. K
ABSTRACT
The root and leaf extracts of Cichorium intybus were investigated for antibacterial activity against gram negative pathogenic bacteria viz. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sensitivity was analyzed using Disk diffusion method at various concentrations where zone of inhibition was compared with the standard drug Cephotaxime. The extracts showed a wide spectrum of inhibition against the test pathogens. Methanolic extract of root and leaf proves to have the strongest antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity of the test extracts at different inhibitory concentration varied significantly at 0.05 level of significance. The maximum activity was recorded at 200mg/ml concentration, the activity decreased with the decrease in the concentration of the extract. The present study reveals that the root and leaf extracts of Cichorium intybus would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antibacterial activity and could potentially be exploited as a source of natural antibacterial.
ABSTRACT
Metastasis to the skin occurs rarely in gynaecologic cancer, especially in cervical carcinoma. Although carcinoma of cervix is the second to fourth most common malignancy in women, cutaneous involvement originating from cervical cancer is particularly unusual, even in terminal stage of the disease. We report a case of carcinoma cervix stage Ib treated with radical surgery. Patient was advised postoperative radiotherapy but did not receive due to some problem. Two and half months after surgery patient developed recurrence on the left side of abdominal scar. Patient received 6 cycles of chemotherapy. 3 months later patient came back due to complications of advanced disease and died in hospital. In conclusion incisional cutaneous metastasis is a rarity with carcinoma cervix and is considered as an ominous prognostic sign with short survival after diagnosis.