ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the construct and content validity of the Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale (Icon-FES) in order to measure the fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: The Icon-FES was applied to 333 older adults. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to assess internal consistency. Item response theory (IRT) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to evaluate the consistency of the questionnaire and whether it corresponded satisfactorily to the construct "concern about falling." Concurrent validity with the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) and convergent validity with the Senior Fitness Test (SFT) were also assessed. Receiving operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: The structural model of the 30-item and 10-item Icon-FES showed some theoretical fragility. The final model of the new short version of the Icon-FES consisted of 13 items, yielding a theoretically satisfactory structural model. Validity analyses indicated that the 13-item Icon-FES had a moderate relationship with the SFT, a strong relationship with the FES-I, and good sensitivity and specificity for a history of falls. CONCLUSION: The 13-item Icon-FES has excellent psychometric properties for measuring fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. It can be recommended as a screening tool for fear of falling for both research and clinical purposes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Accidental Falls , Fear , Psychometrics , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Abstract Subjective social status comprises the perception of individuals about their social status. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between subjective social status and sociodemographic indicators (age, educational level, marital status and economic level) in athletes from Santa Catharina. A total of 593 athletes of both sexes and mean age of 21.18 (± 5.58) years, 371 men, randomly selected, practitioners of individual and collective sport modalities, federated in clubs in the western region of Santa Catarina participated in the study. Social status perception was assessed using the MacArthur scale version for young people adapted to the sports context. For the association between perceived status and sociodemographic indicators, the Chi-square and Multinomial Logistic Regression tests were used, stratified by gender and adjusted for age variables, educational level, marital status and socioeconomic status. Dissatisfaction with status was found in 85% of the sample. Moreover, 46.9% of participants perceived themselves with low family status and 46% perceived themselves with intermediate status in their clubs. The association between groups showed statistically significant differences according to sex, age, educational level and marital status. The association between sociodemographic variables and status according to sex indicated that younger men, with less education, and single were more likely to be dissatisfied with their status. There is need for greater attention by health professionals regarding younger male athletes, with lower education and single regarding their status perception.
Resumo O status social subjetivo compreende a percepção de uma pessoa sobre sua posição social. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre o status social subjetivo e os indicadores sociodemográficos (faixa etária, grau de escolaridade, situação conjugal e nível econômico) de acordo com o sexo em atletas. Participaram deste estudo 593 atletas de ambos os sexos, com média de idade de 21,18 (± 5,58) anos, 371 homens, selecionados de forma aleatória, participantes de modalidades individuais e coletivas federados em clubes da região Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina. A percepção do status social foi verificada por meio da Escala MacArthur versão para jovens, adaptada ao contexto esportivo. Para a associação da percepção de status com os indicadores sociodemográficos de acordo com o sexo, foram realizados os testes Qui-Quadrado e Regressão Logística Multinomial, bruta e ajustada pelas variáveis socidomeográficas investigadas. A insatisfação com o status foi encontrada em 85,0% da amostra. Além disso, os atletas se perceberam com um baixo status no contexto familiar (46,9%) e com um status médio no clube (46,0%). A associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas com o status, de acordo com o sexo indicou que os homens mais novos, com menor escolaridade, e sem companheiros apresentaram mais chance de estar insatisfeito com o seu status. Atenta-se para a necessidade de uma maior atenção por parte dos profissionais envolvidos para com os atletas homens mais novos, com menor escolaridade, e sem companheiro(a) no que se refere a sua percepção de status.