ABSTRACT
Bladder cancer is one of the leading malignancies in the world associated with signi?cant morbidity and mortality. About 80% of a bladder cancer is urothelial variant, remaining 20% will have a divergent histological presentation. The pathophysiological study of these variants has recently increased because the therapeutic approach is not uniform for all variants. These variants have important diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications. A molecular and genetic study of these variants will allow them to be better de?ned. Here we present four cases of Histological variants of bladder tumors with varying presentations in the department of urology, Madurai medical college, which is studied over the period of one year (2022-2023).
ABSTRACT
A case of acute dapsone poisoning in a 21 year-old female is being reported. Dapsone is well known for inducing serious methaemoglobinaemia and haemolysis in overdose situations. Estimating the methaemoglobin (MetHb) concentration in the blood is critical for effective management. Quantification of MetHb by spectrophotometer is generally advocated along with complete haematological and liver function investigations. In this paper, we highlight the importance of quantifying MetHb by spectrophotometer, which is very simple, and demonstrates high sensitivity
ABSTRACT
Pesticide poisoning is an important cause of mobidity and mortality in many developing countries. Many organo-phosphorus (OP) pesticide poisoning cases are reported in teaching medical college hospitals of Tamil Nadu every year. Generally, routine biochemical parameters are studied in detail in acute OP poisoning cases. In this study, an attempt was made to study the isoenzyme pattern of serum creatine kinase (CK) in acute OP poisoning. Acute OP cases were classified according to severity of poisoning. Eight cases in each grade (1, 2, 3 & 4) were selected for the study from IMCU and Toxicology ward of Government General Hospital, Chennai between August 2005 and April 2008, and analysed for isoenzyme of CK. Results revealed elevation of 100% CK-MM fraction of CK for Grade 1, 2 & 3 acute OP poisoning cases. Grade 4 cases showed a mild increase in CK-BB and CK-MB fractions along with predominant CK-MM fraction. The increase of CK in acute OP cases is primarily due to respiratory or pulmonary disorder and is not derived from cardiac or skeletal muscles of the body.