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1.
Acta ortop. bras ; 23(1): 43-46, Jan-Feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735716

ABSTRACT

Objective: Show the epidemiological profile of limb fractures in victim of motorcycle accident seen at the Emergency Department of Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba (HUEC), Curitiba, PR, Brazil, from January 2007 to December 2013, as well as to compare the results with data from the literature. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, observational study. The information was obtained from the analysis of all the medical records from January 2007 to December 2013 belonging to the hospital archives. Only extremity fractures cases from motorcycle accident victims were analyzed, according to the medical records and radiological reports. The ICD-10 was used as classification criterion, and the fractures were grouped depending on the topography of the injury. The following variables were considered: number of victims, gender, age and fracture site, in order to create a database to contrast with the literature. Results: During seven years, 3,528 motorcycle accident victims have been identified, 88.29% being male, whereas 11.71% being female. The average age of the victims was 29.7 years old, observing a strong inverse correlation between the number of victims and their ages. There has been 4,365 fractures, being 59.66% in lower limbs and 40.34% in upper limbs. From that total, 18.14% were leg fractures, 11.57% were hand fractures and 10.65% were wrist fractures. Conclusion: This study has met its objectives and the results were similar to the national literature. Level of Evidence II, Retropective Study.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Wounds and Injuries/diagnosis , Motorcycles , Accidents, Traffic , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prevalence , Fractures, Bone
2.
Córdoba; s.n; 2013. 66 p. graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-971377

ABSTRACT

Objetivos Generales: Conocer las características socio familiares y tipos de accidentes sufridos por los niños accidentados de entre 0 a 6 años que fueron atendidos en el Hospital Infantil Municipal de Córdoba en el período Junio – Diciembre 2011. Objetivos Específicos: Conocer edad y sexo de los niños accidentados atendidos en el Hospital en el período estudiado. Identificar las características de la familia, tipo de familia y responsable del niño, nivel de instrucción de los padres, ocupación, número de integrantes laboralmente activos, ingresos económicos aproximados en el hogar. Indagar sobre las características del lugar en que el niño desarrolla su vida, tipo de vivienda, construcción, instalaciones, servicios y condición en que es ocupada por los niños y su familia. Material y Método: Utilizamos en este estudio estrategia de metodología cuantitativa a través de un estudio descriptivo analítico, transversal. La unidad de análisis está constituida por el total de niños accidentados de o a 6 años (81 casos) que fueron asistidos por lesiones. La técnica utilizada fue la encuesta en la modalidad de Cédula Entrevista. Se consideró como el instrumento adecuado a las necesidades de información para realizar el estudio. La población de niños entre 0 a 6 años de edad accidentados que fueron asistidos en el Hospital Infantil Municipal, durante el segundo semestre del año 2011. Se presenta y se describe a partir de las distintas variables de estudio que permitieron caracterizar a la misma. Los resultados hallados en este universo de 81 niños se presentan en primer lugar a través de bloques de variables que permiten describir de manera completa a ésta población y en segundo lugar, se presenta un cuadro con perfiles de ésta población segmentando a la misma en función del tipo de accidente.


General Objectives: To determine the socio-family profiles and the accident types involving children aged from 0 to 6 that were assisted at Hospital Infantil Municipal de Córdoba in the period between June and December 2011. Specific Objectives: To identify the age and gender of injured children that received assistance at the hospital during the period under study. To identify family features, family type, parent or caregiver, parents’ level of education, level of education of the family, occupation, employed family members, and approximate household income. To find out information related to the child’s living conditions, his/her dwelling environment, type of housing, type of construction, facilities, amenities, and the dwelling and housing conditions enjoyed by the children and their families. Material and Method: Population: This study will use a quantitative research methodology by making a cross-sectional, analytical and descriptive study. The sample data under analysis consists of children aged from 0 to 6 (81 cases) that were assisted in cases of injuries. The method employed for the elicitation of data was the survey: card interview modality. This method was considered the appropriate one since it satisfied the demands as regards the information type that needed to be elicited for the purpose of the study. The population of injured children aged from 0 to 6 that were assisted at Hospital Infantil Municipal de Córdoba in the period between June and December 2011. The data is presented and described according to the different study variables that let the characterization. The findings in this universe of 81 children are presented as follows: firstly, through blocks of variables that let a detailed description of the population; and secondly, through a table chart that shows the profiles of this population segmented according to the type of accident.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Child Abuse , Maternal and Child Health , Family Characteristics , Socioeconomic Factors , Hospitals, Municipal , Child Health Services , Accident Prevention , Argentina
3.
Rev. Soc. Venez. Microbiol ; 32(2): 107-111, dic. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-698193

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC), es un patógeno transmitido por alimentos. El serotipo O157:H7 se considera clínicamente el más importante, pero un 50% de las infecciones por STEC corresponden a serotipos no O157. En Venezuela, la presencia de cepas STEC no O157 en productos cárnicos no ha sido reportada, lo que motivó este trabajo. Se analizaron 70 muestras de carne molida (35 bovinas y 35 porcinas). El aislamiento de E. coli se llevó a cabo en agar MacConkey sorbitol, suplementado con cefixima y la identificación bioquímica según pautas de la FDA. Se realizó la extracción del ADN y ensayos de PCR para la identificación de cepas STEC O157:H7 y STEC no O157. De 70 muestras analizadas, 50 (71,4%) resultaron positivas al aislamiento de E. coli, lográndose identificar 47 cepas sorbitol positivas y 3 cepas sorbitol negativas. La PCR demostró ausencia de STEC O157:H7 y presencia de STEC no O157 productor de toxina Shiga Stx1 y Stx2 en el 4,3% de las muestras analizadas. Se demuestra, por primera vez en el país, la circulación de cepas STEC no O157 en productos cárnicos, lo que permite sugerir el establecimiento de estrategias de prevención asociadas a este patógeno.


Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a food-transmitted pathogen. Serotype O157:H7 is considered the most clinically important, but 50% of STEC infections correspond to non-O157 serotypes. In Venezuela, presence of non-O157 STEC strains in meat products has not been reported, which was the reason for this study. Seventy ground meat samples were analyzed (35 bovine and 35 porcine). E. coli isolation was done in MacConkey sorbitol agar, supplemented with cefixim, and the biochemical identification was done according to FDA guidelines. DNA extraction and PCR assays were used for the identification of STEC O157:H7 and not O157 strains. Of the 70 samples analyzed, 50 (71.4%) were positive for E. coli isolation, and 47 sorbitol positive and 3 sorbitol negative strains were identified. PCR showed absence of STEC O157:H7 and presence of non-O157 STEC Shiga toxin Stx1 and Stx2 producers in 4.3% of the samples analyzed. This is the first time that the circulation of non-O157 STEC strains in meat products is demonstrated in this country, which suggests that prevention strategies associated to this pathogen should be established.

4.
Invest. clín ; 51(4): 489-500, dic. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630907

ABSTRACT

Para establecer la prevalencia de cepas de E. coli diarreogénicas (ECD) asociadas a casos de diarrea aguda infantil en Cumaná, Venezuela; se tomaron muestras de heces de 200 niños con enfermedad diarreica aguda, menores de 5 años, y de 30 niños sanos incluidos como control. El aislamiento e identificación bacteriana se realizó por coprocultivos y pruebas bioquímicas convencionales. Para determinar la presencia de los genes de patogenicidad de cada tipo de ECD se usó la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), determinando los genes eae y bfp (ECEP), st y lt (ECET), ipaH y virF (ECEI), Stx1/Stx2 (ECST), aafII (ECEA) y daaE (ECAD). Se realizaron 169 aislamientos de E. coli, de las cuales se determinó por PCR que el 10,65% fueron positivas para ECEP (1,18% “típicas”; 9,47% “atípicas”); ECET (5,91%); ECEA (1,78%); ECEI (0,59%). No se observaron diferencias estadísticas significativas en cuanto a la frecuencia de cada “patotipo” en relación a la edad, pero si en relación con el sexo (p< 0,05). Las características clínicas más relevantes fueron: fiebre, vómito y dolor abdominal y el mayor porcentaje de los niños afectados estuvo en las clases obrera y marginal. Estos resultados muestran que las cepas de ECD, son agentes etiológicos importantes en la enfermedad diarreica aguda infecciosa en la población infantil de Cumaná.


To establish the prevalence of strains of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) associated to acute diarrhea in childrem of Cumaná, Venezuela, stool samples were taken from 200 children aged < 5 years with acute diarrheal disease, and from 30 healthy children used as control. Isolation and bacterial identification was performed by conventional biochemical tests and stool cultures. The presence of pathogenic genes of each type of DEC was investigated by the technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), determining the genes eae and bfp (EPEC), st and lt (ETEC), ipaH and virF (EIEC) Stx1/Stx2 (STEC), aafII (EAEC) and daaE (ADEC). From 169 E. coli, isolates we determined by PCR 10.65% positive for EPEC (1.18% “typical”, 9.47% “atypical”); ETEC (5.91%); EAEC (1.78 %), EIEC (0.59%). There were no statistically significant differences regarding the frequency of each “pathotype” in relation to age, but it did occur when related to the sex (p<0.05). The most relevant clinical features were: fever, vomiting and abdominal pain and the greatest percentage of children affected were of the working and marginal classes. These results shown that the strains of DEC are important etiological agents in acute infectious diarrhea in children of Cumaná.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Diarrhea/microbiology , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Acute Disease , Breast Feeding , Diarrhea, Infantile/complications , Diarrhea, Infantile/epidemiology , Diarrhea, Infantile/microbiology , Diarrhea/complications , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology , Escherichia coli/classification , Escherichia coli/genetics , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity , Feces/microbiology , Genes, Bacterial , Genotype , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Infant Food , Prevalence , Socioeconomic Factors , Species Specificity , Venezuela/epidemiology
5.
Rev. cient. (Maracaibo) ; 19(6): 659-666, nov.-dic. 2009. mapas, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-551204

ABSTRACT

La ostra Crassostrea rhizophorae es consumida comúnmente en diversas playas del estado Sucre, sin conocer la carga microbiana que éstas presentan. Por tal motivo se evaluó la calidad microbiológica de la misma y de muestras de agua proveniente de tres estaciones del banco natural de Laguna Grande del Obispo, con el propósito de verificar el cumplimiento de los requisitos microbiológicos establecidos por la Legislación Sanitaria Venezolana y la Administración de Alimentos y Drogas de los Estados Unidos (FDA). Se realizaron muestreos mensuales entre agosto 2005 y julio 2006, determinándose el NMP/100 mL de coliformes totales (CT) y coliformes fecales (CF) en muestras de agua, mientras que en los bivalvos se cuantificó el NMP de CT, CF y Escherichia coli (EC) por gramo de ostra, además de la detección de Salmonella spp. Los resultados obtenidos de CT y CF en muestras de agua de las tres estaciones, cumplieron en la mayoría de los meses, con las exigencias permitidas (70 NMP/100 mL de CT y 14 NMP/100 mL de CF). Durante los meses de muestreo y entre las estaciones analizadas, se observaron variaciones considerables en los valores de CF y EC que estuvieron entre 0 y 2,4 × 10(4) NMP/g de ostra. Los límites permitidos de CF y EC (230 NMP/g de ostra) fueron excedidos por los CF en todas las estaciones durante agosto y diciembre 2005, y también en marzo, mayo y junio 2006, mientras que los de EC se excedieron sólo en diciembre 2005, y marzo y mayo 2006. Salmonella spp. fue detectada en la primera y segunda estación para el mes de septiembre 2005, en la tercera estación para el mes de diciembre del mismo año y en la segunda y tercera estación, para los meses de mayo y julio 2006. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan un alto riesgo de consumir estos moluscos sin haber sido previamente sometidos a una depuración.


In beaches of Sucre State commonly the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae is consumed without knowing the microbial load microbial that may be presenting. For such motive, the microbiology quality of C. rhizophorae and water samples of three stations from natural bank in Laguna Grande of Obispo was evaluated, to check the compliance of microbiological requirements established by the Food and Drugs Administration of United States (FDA) and Sanitary Venezuelan Legislation. Monthly samplings between August 2005 and July 2006 was realized, determining the MPN/100 mL of coliforms totals (TC) and faecal coliforms (FC) in water samples, whereas in bivalves MPN of TC, FC and Escherichia coli (EC) was quantified for gram of oyster, further to detection Salmonella spp. The results obtained of TC and FC, in water samples of the three stations, fulfilled in majority of the months, with the requirements mentioned above. During the months sampling and between analyzed stations, considerable variations was observed in values of FC and EC that were between 0 and 2.4 × 10(4) MPN/g oyster. The limits allowed for FC and EC (230 MPN/g oyster) were exceeded by the FC on all stations during August, December 2005, and also in March, May and June 2006, whereas EC exceded only in December 2005, and March and May 2006. Salmonella spp. was detected on first and second station in September 2005, on the third station for December of the same year, and second and third station for May and July 2006. The obtained results reflect high risk of consuming these mollusks without having being before submitted to depuration.


Subject(s)
Coliforms/analysis , Crassostrea/microbiology , Escherichia coli , Ostreidae/microbiology , Microbiology
6.
Rev. Soc. Venez. Microbiol ; 29(1): 13-20, jun. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-631630

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli shigatoxigénica (ECST) pertenece al grupo de las bacterias productoras de diarrea, patología que aún constituye una de las principales causas de morbilidad en niños a nivel mundial. ECST produce una o más toxinas shiga (Stx1, Stx2 y sus variantes), que es su principal factor de patogenicidad, responsable de las complicaciones intestinales y sistémicas. La transmisión puede ocurrir de persona a persona, o a través de agua o alimentos contaminados. Su capacidad de producir brotes epidémicos y la gravedad de las complicaciones de la enteritis, es lo que le confiere a este microorganismo gran importancia en salud pública. Este patógeno no se detecta habitualmente en los laboratorios clínicos por las similitudes bioquímicas y clínicas con otros patógenos entéricos, siendo necesario métodos serológicos y moleculares para su identificación y caracterización definitiva. En este trabajo, hemos revisado la información disponible acerca de la patogenicidad, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección producida ECST.


Shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli (STES) belongs to the group of diarrhoea producing bacteria, pathology which still constitutes one of the main causes of morbility in children at a world wide level. STES produces one or more shiga toxins (Stx1, Stx 2 and their variants) which is their main pathogenicity factor, responsible for the intestinal and systemic complications. Transmission can occur person-to-person, or through contaminated water or food. Its capacity for producing epidemic outbreaks and the seriousness of the enteritis complications are what confers this microorganism great public health importance. This pathogen is not usually detected at clinical laboratories due to its biochemical and clinical similarities with other enterical pathogens, and it necessary to use serological and molecular methods for its definitive identification and characterization. In this paper, we have revised available information regarding pathogenicity, diagnosis and treatment of STES produced infections.

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