ABSTRACT
Resumen:Los ácaros se relacionan con pasálidos, estableciendo una asociación temporal para transportarse (foresia). Se conocen más de 200 especies de ácaros forontes de pasálidos. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la diversidad de ácaros asociados a dos especies de Odontotaenius,así como determinar sus sitios de fijación. Se recolectaron pasálidos de troncos en descomposición en seis estados de México. Se encontraron 80 pasálidos con ácaros (64 de O. zodiacusy 16 de O. striatopunctatus),en total 1 945 ácaros de 13 familias, distribuidos en 42 especies. En O. striatopunctatusse encontraron 562 ácaros (95 $$, 34 c?c?, 197 H, 234 D, 2 T) de 22 especies; mientras que para O. zodiacus,1 383 organismos (300 ??, 204 608 H 139 D, 133 T) de 30 especies. La mayoría se encontraron en las coxas, bajo los élitros y las alas membranosas desarrollando foresia pasiva. La efectividad del muestreo fue mayor en O. zodiacus,lo que se refleja en los índices de diversidad y similitud. El índice de Shannon-Wiener, muestra una mayor diversidad en O. zodiacus(H'= 2.2) que en O. striatopunctatus(H'= 1.94). Odontotaeniuses el género que tiene más especies de ácaros asociados y se registran por vez primera 12 especies: Abrotarsala cuneiformis, A. obesa, A. pyriformis, Brachytremellasp., Diarthrophallus cartwrighti, D. crinatus, Lombardiniellasp., Trichodiplogynium carlosi, T. sahlbergi, T. hirsutumy Trichodiplogyniumsp.
Abstract:Mites can establish association with different arthropods as coleopterans families Scarabaeidae and Passalidae. Passalids are distributed in tropical and templates zones, and until now, more than 200 species of mites have been associated to them. One of the relationships between passalids and mites is the phoresy where one small animal (the phoretic) seeks out and attaches to another animal (the host) for transportation. Herein, we studied the mites associated to O. zodiacusand O. striatopunctatus;for this, 80 Odontotaeniuswith mites were reviewed; passalids were collected in and under decaying logs from six states of Mexico, and were individually kept in vials with 80% ethanol. The specimens were carried to the laboratory and mites removed with fine-pointed forceps under stereo microscope. The mites were stored with 80 % alcohol until some were cleared with lacto-phenol and mounted in Hoyer's solution. We found 1 945 mites belonging to 13 families (Acaridae, Ascidae, Diarthrophallidae, Digamasellidae, Diplogyniidae, Euzerconidae, Heterocheylidae, Histiostomatidae, Klinckowstroemiidae, Laelapidae, Megisthanidae, Trematuridae, and Uropodidae) and 42 species, being the most abundant species Anoetussp. For O. striatopunctatus(16 specimens) we found 562 mites (95 $$, 34 c?c?, 197 hypopus, 234 deutonymph, 2 tritonymph) of 11 families and 22 species; the most abundant were Uropodidae (42 %) and Histiostomatidae (26 %). While for O. zodiacus(64 specimens) were found 1 383 mites (300 $$, 204 c?c?, 608 hypopus, 139 deutonymphs, 133 tritonymphs) of 10 families and 30 species; the most abundant were: Diartrophallidae, Acaridae, and Histiostomatidae (23 % for the two first and 21 % for third). The high abundance and richness was in O. zodiacus,likewise Margalef (S') and Shanon-Winner (H') indexes were higher in this species (O. zodiacusS' = 4.05, H' = 2.2; O striatopunctatusS' = 3.34, H' = 1.94), while Equity (EH) was similar to both hosts (O. zodiacusEH = 0.64; O. striatopunctatusEH = 0.63). The mites were found principally in the protected zone of the passalid's body, as under elytron, membranous wings, and in the clefts of the ventral region of the passalid, and, in minor proportion, on the head and coxal regions. From our findings, 12 species were new records for the Mexican passalids: Abrotarsala cuneiformis, A. obesa, A. pyriformis, Brachytremellasp., Diarthrophallus cartwrighti, D. crinatus, Lombardiniellasp., Trichodiplogynium carlosi, T. sahlbergi, T. hirsutumand Trichodiplogyniumsp., and additional studies may help describe and understand these mites-passalids associations.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Coleoptera/parasitology , Mites/physiology , Coleoptera/classification , Mexico , Mites/classification , SymbiosisABSTRACT
Co-adaptation between mites (Arachnida: Klinckowstroemiidae) and Passalidae beteles (Insecta: Coleoptera). Mites of the family Klinckowstroemiidae establish an association with beetles of the family Passalidae known as phoresy. In order to obtain information about this association, we analyzed the relationship between mites of the family Klinckowstroemiidae and beetles of the family Passalidae, as adult mites have been exclusively collected from host beetles. We examined 1 150 beetles collected in seven states of the Mexican Republic, and found 19 species of klinckowstroemiid mites associated with 168 passalids, that belong to 28 different species in 15 genera. Host specificity between species of both groups does not exist, as one species of passalid beetle can have several different symbionts; conversely, a given mite species can associate with passalid beetles of different species and even of different genera. This way, Odontotaenius zodiacus has been found associated with mites of seven species of the genus Klinckowstroemia. Besides, Klinckowstroemia valdezi is associated with five species of passalids. Furthermore, two and even three different species of mites have been found on one host beetle (synhospitality). The lack of congruence between the phylogenies of the mites and that of the beetles indicates that a process of co-adaptation by colonization is going on, because the association is due to the resources that passalid beetles can offer to the mites, like transportation, food and refuge. Since these resources are not host-specific, the klinckowstroemiid mites can climb onto virtually any species of passalid beetles occurring on the same habitat. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (2): 599-609. Epub 2012 June 01.
Realizamos un análisis de la relación que existe entre los ácaros Klinckowstroemiidae y los coleópteros Passalidae, puesto que los ácaros adultos se recolectaron exclusivamente sobre pasálidos (huéspedes). Asimismo, examinamos 1 150 coleópteros recolectados en siete estados de la República Mexicana, y encontramos 19 especies de ácaros klinckowstroémidos asociados con 168 de ellos, pertenecientes a 28 diferentes especies de 15 géneros distintos. Estos táxones establecen una relación simbiótica llamada foresia. No existe una especificidad entre las especies de ambos grupos, debido a que una especie de pasálido puede tener varios forontes, y una especie de ácaro puede asociarse a pasálidos de diferentes géneros y especies. Un ejemplo es Odontotaenius zodiacus que presentó a siete especies de Klinckowstroemia asociadas, y por otro lado, Klinckowstroemia valdezi se encuentra asociada a cinco especies de pasálidos. Además, dos o hasta tres especies de ácaros se encontraron sobre un coleóptero huésped (synhospitality). La falta de congruencias entre la filogenia de los ácaros con la de los pasálidos nos indica que se está produciendo un proceso de coadaptación por colonización, y que ésta asociación se debe a los recursos que le brindan los pasálidos a los ácaros: transporte, refugio y alimento. Como estos recursos no son específicos para algún huésped los klinckowstroémidos se suben a cualquier especie de pasálido.
Subject(s)
Animals , Adaptation, Physiological , Coleoptera/parasitology , Host Specificity , Mites/physiology , Symbiosis , Coleoptera/classification , Mites/classificationABSTRACT
Mites associated to the Coleopteran Passalus cognatus (Coleoptera:Passalidae) from Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico. There are few records of mites associated with the tropical coleopterans of Mexico. We examined 35 passalid beetles (bessbugs) Passalus cognatus from Los Tuxtlas region in Veracruz State, Mexico. Twenty of them had a total of 245 mites (representing eight species, eight genera, eight families and three suborders). The most abundant species were Uroobovella californiana Wisniewski & Hirschmann (35%), Euzercon hyatti Hunter & Rosario (20%), and Uropoda sp. (17.5%). The preferred attachment areas were the coxae; followed by the mesosternum and the humeri. Each beetle had 1 to 40 mites (average: 12); and we found 1-4 mite species per beetle. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (3): 1261-1268. Epub 2008 September 30.
Se revisaron 35 ejemplares de Passalus cognatus Truqui recolectados en Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, México. En 20 de ellos se encontraron 245 ácaros pertenecientes a ocho especies, ocho géneros, ocho familias y tres subórdenes. Las especies de acáros más abundantes fueron Uroobovella californiana Wisniewski y Hirschmann (35%), Euzercon hyatti Hunter y Rosario (20%) y Uropoda sp. (17.5%). Las zonas de fijación preferidas por los ácaros fueron las coxas; en menor proporción el mesoesternón y los húmeros. Los pasálidos infestados presentaron de 1 a 40 ácaros, con un promedio de 12. El número de especies de ácaros por pasálido infestado fue de 1 a 4.