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2.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 37(1): 122-128, 20211217. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357596

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hernia de Garengeot se caracteriza por contener el apéndice cecal dentro del saco femoral, y forma parte de una variedad de hernias que reciben el epónimo de acuerdo con su localización anatómica. Entre ellas se encuentra la hernia de Richter, la hernia de Amyand, la hernia de Littré y la hernia de Spiegel. Se presenta una revisión de los abordajes laparoscópicos para estas diversas variantes. Caso clínico. Paciente femenina de 82 años de edad quien consultó al servicio de urgencias por dolor inguinal derecho de ocho días de evolución, asociado a clínica de obstrucción intestinal. Se hizo diagnóstico de hernia inguinal encarcelada y se llevó a cirugía encontrando una hernia de Garengeot. Discusión. Además de los tipos de hernia tradicionalmente conocidos, existen variantes inusuales de hernias de la pared abdominal, que deben ser sospechadas y tenidas en cuenta como diagnóstico diferencial, lo que permitirá realizar su tratamiento de forma oportuna disminuyendo el riesgo de que ocurra una perforación intestinal. Conclusiones. Las variantes de hernia inguinal o de localización inusual, son susceptibles de tratamiento quirúrgico mediante abordajes laparoscópicos con adecuados resultados.


Introduction. Garengeot's hernia is characterized by containing the cecal appendix within the femoral sac, and is part of a variety of hernias that receive their eponymous according to their anatomical location. These include Richter's hernia, Amyand's hernia, Littré's hernia, and Spiegel's hernia. We present a review of the laparoscopic approaches for these variants. Clinical case. An 82-year-old female patient consulted to the emergency department for right groin pain of eight days of evolution, associated with symptoms of intestinal obstruction. With a diagnosis of incarcerated inguinal hernia, she underwent surgery finding a Garengeot ́s hernia. Discussion. In addition to the traditionally known types of hernia, there are unusual variants of hernias of the abdominal wall, which must be suspected and taken into account as a differential diagnosis, which will allow treatment to be carried out in a timely manner, reducing the risk of intestinal perforation. Conclusions. Variants of inguinal hernia or unusual location are susceptible to surgical treatment by laparoscopic approaches with adequate results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia , Appendicitis , Laparoscopy , Intestinal Obstruction
3.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 36(5): 599-606, Sept.-Oct. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351654

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Despite being one of the main vacation destinations in the world, health care in the Caribbean faces many difficulties. The challenges involved in these islands' medical care range from low-resource institutions to lack of specialized care. In the field of thoracic and cardiac surgery, many limitations exist, and these include the lack of access to cardiac surgery for many small islands and little governmental funding for minimally invasive approaches in thoracic surgery. Methods: Literature review was done using PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases to identify articles describing the characteristics of thoracic and cardiac surgery departments on Caribbean islands. Articles on the history, current states of practice, and advances in cardiothoracic surgery in the Caribbean were reviewed. Results: Regardless of the middle to high-income profile of the Caribbean, there are significant differences in the speed of technological growth in cardiothoracic surgery from island to island, as well as disparities between the quality of care and resources. Many islands struggle to advance the field of cardiothoracic surgery both through lack of local cardiac surgery centers and limited financial funding for minimally invasive thoracic surgery. Conclusions: Cardiac and thoracic surgery in the Caribbean depend not only on the support from local government policies and proper distribution of healthcare budgets, but efforts by the surgeons themselves to change and improve institutional cultures. Although resource availability still remains a challenge, the Caribbean remains an important region that deserves special attention with regard to the unmet needs for long-term sustainability of chest surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracic Surgery , Surgeons , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Caribbean Region , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
4.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 36(4): 550-556, July-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1347152

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: In high-volume trauma centers, especially in developing countries, penetrating cardiac box injuries are frequent. Although many aspects of penetrating chest injuries have been well established, video-assisted thoracoscopy is still finding its place in cardiac box trauma and algorithmic approaches are still lacking. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a streamlined recommendation for penetrating cardiac box injury in stable patients. Methods: Literature review was carried out using PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases to identify articles describing the characteristics and concepts of penetrating cardiac box trauma, including the characteristics of tamponade, cardiac ultrasound, indications and techniques of pericardial windows and, especially, the role of video-assisted thoracoscopy in stable patients. Results: Penetrating cardiac box injuries, whether by stab or gunshot wounds, require rapid surgical consultation. Unstable patients require immediate open surgery, however, determining which stable patients should be taken to thoracoscopic surgery is still controversial. Here, the classification of penetrating cardiac box injury used in Colombia is detailed, as well as the algorithmic approach to these types of trauma. Conclusion: Although open surgery is mandatory in unstable patients with penetrating cardiac box injuries, a more conservative and minimally invasive approach may be undertaken in stable patients. As rapid decision-making is critical in the trauma bay, surgeons working in high-volume trauma centers should expose themselves to thoracoscopy and always consider this possibility in the setting of penetrating cardiac box injuries in stable patients, always in the context of an experienced trauma team.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracic Injuries , Wounds, Gunshot , Wounds, Penetrating , Heart Injuries/surgery , Heart Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Thoracoscopy , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted
5.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 35(6): 990-993, Nov.-Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1144008

ABSTRACT

Abstract In developing countries, limited resources and low health budgets result in slow developments in the field of cardiac surgery. As a consequence, advances in surgery become a challenging process. In Colombia, most institutions do not have the capacity or infrastructure for minimally invasive and video-assisted cardiac surgery, let alone robotic assisted cardiac surgery (RACS). Despite the challenges, efforts to overcome these hurdles are critical for the future of cardiac surgery in low-income settings. Here we describe the first cases of robotic cardiac surgeries performed in Colombia.


Subject(s)
Robotic Surgical Procedures , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Robotics , Colombia , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
7.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 34(1): 69-74, 20190000. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-982077

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El hallazgo de divertículos en el intestino delgado es poco usual, y se presentan principalmente en el yeyuno y en el íleon. Tienen una incidencia relativamente baja, aproximadamente, de 0,06 a 5 % en autopsias y de 0,5 a 2,3 % como hallazgos radiológicos. Predominan en la sexta y la séptima década de la vida y en el sexo masculino. Presentación de caso. Se trata de una paciente de sexo femenino de 90 años, que ingresó al servicio de urgencias por un cuadro clínico de un día de dolor en el hemiabdomen derecho irradiado al hipogastrio y asociado con múltiples episodios de emesis. Se hospitalizó para estudios paraclínicos y, durante la observación, presentó deterioro clínico, por lo que fue sometida a una laparotomía exploratoria, y se encontró un divertículo único de yeyuno. Discusión. Los divertículos de intestino delgado son poco frecuentes, y comprometen solo la mucosa y submucosa. Del total de casos, del 0,9 a 1 % corresponden a divertículos del yeyuno. Estos pueden asociarse con divertículos en otra parte del tubo digestivo, como esófago (2,3 %), duodeno (30 %) o colon (61 %). El manejo de esta enfermedad depende de cada paciente


Small intestine diverticulum is a rare finding; it presents more often in the jejunum and ileum. The incidence in autopsies is low (0.06-5%), and 0.5-2.3% as a radiology finding. It is most often found in the 7th decade and in men. A 90-year-old female patient presented with a clinical picture of one day consisting of acute right abdominal pain that radiates to the hypogastrium accompanied by multiple episodes of vomiting. The patient is admitted and a battery of tests are ordered; during observation the patient quickly deteriorates and is taken to an emergency laparotomy, finding a single jejunal diverticulum. Small intestine diverticuli are rare surgical findings (0.9-1%) that involve only the mucosa and submucosa. The majority of small intestinal diverticuli are found in the jejunum. These can be associated with diverticuli in other areas of the GI tract: stomach (2.3%), duodenum (30%) and colon (61%). The management approach depends on each patient's clinical presentation


Subject(s)
Humans , Jejunum , Diverticulum , Abdomen, Acute , Intestinal Obstruction
8.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 34(3): 277-282, 20190813. fig
Article in English | COLNAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1016114

ABSTRACT

Damage control and gastrointestinal surgery have come a long way from the first reported case of an enterocutaneous fistula to advances in Intestinal transplant and vacuum assisted therapy. Everything we have known in between such as intestinal resections, enteral/parenteral nutrition, delayed abdominal wall closure and intestinal reconstruction have all lead to an exponential increase in our knowledge of gastrointestinal surgery. One area that still remains a significant challenge and clinical dilemma to the general surgeon is intestinal failure in short bowel syndrome. Not only does the anatomical complexity of short bowel syndrome offer difficulties in the definite reconstruction, but also the accompanying intestinal failure increases patient morbidity and mortality. There are no current algorithms or systematic approaches to these daunting clinical scenarios and although surgery has come a long way, there is still room for determining optimal approaches. Therefore, it is critical to keep researching new ways to treat these patients. A relatively new horizon in managing intestinal failure in short bowel syndrome is the use of biomarkers. Here we present a short review on the possible future treatment. The aim of this paper is to provide a pathway for future research into the treatment of this complex area of general surgery


La cirugía gastrointestinal y de control de daños ha tenido un recorrido amplio desde el primer caso reportado de fístula entero-cutánea, hasta llegar al uso de presión subatmosférica para el cierre asistido y el trasplante intestinal. Todos los avances propuestos en el intermedio, como las resecciones intestinales, los planes de nutrición entérica y parenteral, el cierre postergado de la pared abdominal y la reconstrucción intestinal, han llevado a un aumento exponencial del conocimiento de la cirugía gastrointestinal. A pesar de esto, hay un área que permanece como un reto significativo y un dilema clínico para el cirujano general: la falla intestinal en el síndrome de intestino corto. En esta, su complejidad anatómica presenta dificultades a la hora de su reconstrucción, y su alteración funcional aumenta la morbimortalidad del paciente. Así como sucede en la mayoría de las fallas específicas de órganos, esta se caracteriza por cambios en los marcadores séricos que ya han sido bien descritos en la literatura médica. En la falla cardiaca hay elevación del péptido natriurético auricular; en la falla renal, elevación de la creatinina sérica; en la falla hepática, elevación de las transaminasas, y así sucesivamente. Estos marcadores no solo indican la gravedad de la situación, sino que se relacionan con la suficiencia del órgano en cuanto a su función y su mejoría con la rehabilitación. Ahora, ¿cuáles son los marcadores del sistema gastrointestinal? Recientemente, la seriedad de la falla intestinal y su solución han sido objeto de la observación clínica y sintomática con el fin de determinar la orientación de la rehabilitación intestinal y el momento ideal para el inicio de la vía oral. En los últimos años han surgido biomarcadores pertinentes al estudio del sistema digestivo. En esta revisión se discuten los aspectos relacionados con el presente y el futuro de los marcadores serológicos intestinales en el síndrome de intestino corto


Subject(s)
Humans , Short Bowel Syndrome , Biomarkers , Citrulline , Apoprotein(a)
9.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 33(3): 318-322, 2018. fig
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-915816

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El Síndrome Pospolipectomía es una causa rara de dolor abdominal posterior a resecciones de pólipos por colonoscopia, cuyo caso, en ciertos pacientes se debe considerar el manejo conservador. Métodos. Se revisa la literatura sobre el síndrome en mención y se reporta un caso. Resultados. Nuestra paciente presentó con cuadro de dolor abdominal posterior a una polipectomía colonoscópica, tratado mediante un manejo conservador con base en los hallazgos clínicos, tomográficos y paraclínicos. Su recuperación fue favorable y no requirió intervenciones adicionales. Conclusiones. El manejo conservador con líquidos endovenosos, antibióticos y suspensión de vía oral puede ser una opción en pacientes con síndrome pospolipectomía incluso, en contexto de ¨micro-perforaciones¨ cuando no haya irritación peritoneal


Post-polypectomy syndrome is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain following colonoscopic polyp resections. Conservative treatment may be considered in selected patients. We present a literature review of Post-polypectomy syndrome and report a case and our experience with a young female who presented with an acute abdominal pain following a colonoscopic polypectomy. We selected a conservative approach based on clinical findings, lab tests and CT results; the patient had complete recovery and no additional intervention was required. Conservative treatment with IV fluids, nothing by mouth and antibiotics can be an alternative treatment plan for selected patients with mini-perforations presenting without peritoneal irritation


Subject(s)
Humans , Colonic Polyps , Colonoscopy , Endoscopic Mucosal Resection , Intestinal Perforation
10.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 31(4): 283-288, 20160000. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-884608

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hernia de Amyand es una hernia inguinal que contiene el apéndice cecal normal o en un estado de apendicitis aguda. Fue descrita por primera vez en 1735 por Claudius Amyand. La apendicitis aguda probablemente se debe a una obstrucción extraluminal generada por aumento de la presión en el cuello herniario que limita el flujo sanguíneo, en lugar del aumento de la presión intraluminal que se presenta en la apendicitis no asociada con hernias inguinales. Esto resulta en inflamación y proliferación bacteriana, y el apéndice cecal se torna más vulnerable al trauma. Métodos y resultados. Se presenta y analiza, clínica y quirúrgicamente, un caso de hernia de Amyand manejado en el servicio de cirugía general de una institución de tercer nivel de Bogotá; además, se hace una revisión de la literatura científica. El abordaje quirúrgico difirió del propuesto en la guía de manejo de Losanoff y Basson y, sin embargo, se obtuvieron resultados exitosos. Discusión. La hernia de Amyand es una entidad quirúrgica rara, la cual representa un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico, ya que se presenta con características que varían según dos procesos patológicos simultáneos: la hernia inguinal y la apendicitis aguda, cuando esta está presente. El abordaje quirúrgico depende de los hallazgos intraoperatorios, como perforación del apéndice cecal, fístula o pelviperitonitis. Por lo tanto, decidir cuál abordaje quirúrgico es el más apropiado depende de los hallazgos y las preferencias del cirujano. Conclusiones. El tratamiento con apendicectomía, reparo del defecto herniario con malla o ambos, ha suscitado discusión entre los cirujanos por muchos años. Las diferencias de opiniones sobre la técnica quirúrgica más apropiada se deben, entre otras cosas, a la incidencia baja de la hernia de Amyand y a las preferencias quirúrgicas de cada cirujano; el mejor abordaje quirúrgico todavía está en discusión. Sin embargo, la apendicectomía está contraindicada en ciertos pacientes cuando no existe inflamación y, cuando está presente, el uso de la malla todavía es controversial. Por lo tanto, cada reporte de hernia de Amyand y su tratamiento es importante, pues ofrece conocimiento sobre la técnica quirúrgica más apropiada para esta entidad.


Introduction: Amyand´s hernia is an inguinal hernia that contains a normal or an inflamed vermiform appendix. Claudius Amyand first described it in 1735. When acute appendicitis is present, it is believed to be due to extra-luminal obstruction generated by the inguinal ring pressure limiting blood flow, in contrast to the increased intra-luminal pressure that occurs in the acute appendicitis not associated with hernias. This process results in inflammation, bacterial overgrowth, and the appendix becomes more vulnerable to trauma. Methods and Results: We describe and analyze the surgical management of a clinical case of an Amyand´s hernia, managed by the Department of General Surgery of a third level of care institution in Bogotá, Colombia; a literature review was carried out. Despite the availability of the surgical guideline proposed by Losanoff and Basson for the management of the Amyand´s hernia, our surgical approach deviated from this guideline, with both surgical and postoperative success. Discussion: Amyand´s hernia is a rare surgical finding, representing both a diagnostic and a surgical challenge, for it presents with characteristics that vary due to the presence of two simultaneous pathologies: the inguinal hernia and the acute appendicitis if present. The surgical approach depends on the intraoperative findings, such as perforation, fistulas or peritonitis. Therefore, deciding on the best surgical approach depends on the surgical findings and the surgeon's preference. Conclusions: The management of the Amyand´s hernia with appendectomy and/or primary hernia repair with mesh, has been topic of discussion among surgeons for years. This difference in opinion on which surgical approach is the most appropriate, in part is due to the low incidence and rarity of this entity and the surgeon's preference; thus, the best surgical technique is still matter of debate. However, appendectomy is contraindicated in certain patients when there is no inflammation, and when it is present, the use of mesh is still controversial. For this reason each report of Amyand´s hernia and its treatment becomes important, for it provides knowledge in order to choose the most appropriate surgical technique for this rare entity


Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia, Inguinal , Appendectomy , Appendicitis , Appendix
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