Alcohol associated liver cirrhotics have higher mortality after index hospitalization: Long-term data of 5,138 patients

Background/Aims@#Liver cirrhosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Every episode of decompensation and hospitalization reduces survival. We studied the clinical profile and long-term outcomes comparing alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALC) and non-ALC. @*Methods@#Cirrhosis patients at index hospitalisation (from January 2010 to June 2017), with ≥1 year follow-up were included. @*Results@#Five thousand and one hundred thirty-eight cirrhosis patients (age, 49.8±14.6 years; male, 79.5%; alcohol, 39.5%; Child-A:B:C, 11.7%:41.6%:46.8%) from their index hospitalization were analysed. The median time from diagnosis of cirrhosis to index hospitalization was 2 years (0.2–10). One thousand and seven hundred seven patients (33.2%) died within a year; 1,248 (24.3%) during index hospitalization. 59.5% (2,316/3,890) of the survivors, required at least one readmission, with additional mortality of 19.8% (459/2,316). ALC compared to non-ALC were more often (P @*Conclusions@#One-third of cirrhosis patients die in index hospitalization. 60% of the survivors require at least one rehospitalization within a year. ALC patients present with higher morbidity and mortality and at a younger age.

Bloodstream bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistance pattern in Dhahira Region, Oman

To describe the epidemiological, clinical, microbiological characteristics and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Bloodstream infections in Dhahira region, Oman. Clinical data was collected from all patients with positive blood cultures for two years period. Standard laboratory methods were used for blood culture. Antibiotic sensitivity was tested using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Of the 360 bacterial pathogens isolated from 348 patients, 57.8% were gram-positive and 42.2% were gram-negative. The common isolates were: Streptococcus species 76 [21.1%], coagulase-negative Staphylococci 75 [20.8%], Escherichia coli 43 [11.9%], Staphylococcus aureus 41 [11.4%]. Overall, mortality was 21.3% [74/348]. Staphylococcus species [Staphylococcus aureus and CoNS] were more commonly resistant to Trimethoprim/Sulphamethoxazole [35.3%] and Penicillin [25.9%]. Streptococcus species were resistant to Trimethoprim/Sulphamethoxazole [39.1%] and Erythromycin [19.6%]. Bloodstream infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality in our patients, especially among chronically ill elderly adult males. Prescription of proven resistant antibiotics to suspected bacteremic patients needs attention in Dhahira region