ABSTRACT
Objective : To observe and differentiate histological structures and ultrastructures by light microscope and transmission electron microscope between embalmed cadaveric spinal cord and fresh cadaveric spinal cord. Methods : The spinal cords were dissected from seven embalmed cadavers of the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University. The specimens were prepared for routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining for light microscope (LM)study. Some of the specimens were prepared to study by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Finally we observe and compare between spinal cord from embalmed cadaver and fresh cadaver. Results : By viewing with light microscope, the quality of spinal cords from embalmed cadavers are better and clearer than from fresh cadavers. Viewed by transmission electron microscope, the lipid part in the spinal cord from cadaveric embalmed tissues is degenerated but the protein part is not deformed. Conclusion : The spinal cords from cadavers which were fixed by excess formalin injection and embalmed in formalin for 1-2 years , are well-preserved for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining techniques for light microscope (LM) study in Histology. However in the EM of spinal cord sections from embalmed cadavers, the protein component was more likely withstand to formalin and embalmment procedures compared to the lipid componennt (e.g.myelin sheath, cell membrane).
ABSTRACT
Objective : The study is to examine the quality of the histological slide of cerebellum in embalmed cadaver when compares with fresh specimen or the standard textbook by using light and transmission electron microscopic studies. Method : The cerebellums were chosen from the embalmed cadavers who donated their bodies to the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University. These cerebellums were prepared by two techniques for light and electron microscopic studies. The visualization of the cerebellar microscopic slides were compared with the fresh specimens or standard textbooks. Results : The cerebellar sections which were obtained from the cadaveric cerebellar embalmed were suitable for making the microscopic slides that can be used for studying histology of the medical students. From light microscopic study, the microscopic structures are as good appearances as in the standard textbooks. Some specimens have better microscopic structural appearances. The fixative formula is suitable for light microscopic study but not suitable for transmissiom electron microscopic study. Conclusion : The microscopic slides from sections of the cerebellums which were obtained from the embalmed cadavers which have been fixed by Siriraj fixative formula and kept in soaking preservative formula for 1 year and have been dissected for studying gross anatomy and neuroanatomy by the medical student under room temperature can be used for microscopic slides that suitable for further teaching or stydying histology.
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study is to observe ultrastructurally of the pineal gland from cadaveric embalmed specimens by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Methods: Ten pineal glands were removed from cadaveric embalmed specimens. Each pineal gland was disected into two groups, one was put into 10% formaldehyde and the other was put into 2.5% glutaraldehyde. The first group was processed for light microscopy. First of all, fixed the tissues in formalin and then embedded in paraffin. Next, serially sectioned at eight micron and finally stained. Staining methods were (i) haematoxylin and eosin, (ii) Masson-Fontana method for melanin. The second group well preserved in 2.5% glutaraldehyde was chosen to prepare for the TEM. Results: Only five out of ten cadaveric pineal glands viewed by light microscopy were well preserved. In LM, we saw clearly that all ultrastructures or morphology of the cadaveric embalmed pineal gland cells were the same as the standard textbook. Melanin pigments were accumulated in both of the cytoplasm of pinealocytes and the stroma of pineal gland proved by Masson-Fontana staining. Mast cells were found throughout the gland but preferably found in the connective tissue trabeculae. A neuronal-like cell was found in the parenchyma of pineal gland. Extrapineal and intrapineal calcified concretion called corpora arenacea or brain sand were presented. Intrapineal concretions in the parenchyma were globular and concentric lamellar patterns while extrapineal concretions which were adjacent to the capsule were concentric lamellar only. TEM of pineal gland showed that it was moderately preserved in the chemical fixative of this formula. Cadaveric pinealocyte showed some organelles and chromatin extraction while the environmental fibrillar structures were well preserved. Conclusion: The histological findings in the pineal glands from cadaveric embalmed specimens are similar to fresh cadavers. Moreover, they can be used to prepare the normal slides for Histology Lab of the second year medical students. The presences of the melanin pigments in the cytoplasm of pinealocytes and stroma, mast cells, corpora arenacea, and neuronal-like cells confirm the previous studies.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study and classify the types of the sternalis muscle in Thais, who has lived in Bangkok and the surrounding area, and compare its incidence to that of the other races. Methods: The sternalis muscles were dissected and classified in Thai cadavers. The morphology of each type was shown by photograph. Tables showed numbers and percentage of the muscle in male and female, right and left sides. Results: The study of 126 Thai cadavers, the sternalis muscle was found in 9 cadavers. The incidence was 7.14%. The muscle was divided into 2 types, type A was the bilateral type and type B was the unilateral type. Conclusion: The sternalis muscle was an anatomical variation of the thoracic wall musculature. Its incidence in Thais was 7.14%. The morphology of the muscle was shown and divided into 2 types.