Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 7 de 7
Filter
1.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 38(3): 155-163, jul.-sep. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634526

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron 1193 aislamientos clínicos para estandarizar y evaluar un método de difusión con discos de fluconazol de lectura visual, que permita detectar levaduras sensibles al antifúngico. Las especies analizadas fueron: Candida albicans (n=584), Candida parapsilosis (n=196), Candida tropicalis (n=200), Candida glabrata (n=113), Candida krusei (n=50), Candida spp. y otras levaduras oportunistas (n=50). Los discos fueron manufacturados en el INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán". Se midieron los halos de inhibición del crecimiento producidos por fluconazol y la concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) por el método de referencia M27-A2 modificado por EUCAST. Se establecieron los valores de corte del método de difusión en: ≥16 mm para levaduras sensibles a fluconazol (CIM ≤ 8 µg/ml), entre 9 y 15 mm para sensibles dependientes de la dosis (CIM = 16-32 mg/ml) y ≤ 8 mm para resistentes (CIM ≥ 64 µg/ml). El método de difusión tuvo 94,7% de concordancia con el de referencia, con 0,2% de errores very major y 0,3% de errores major. La reproducibilidad inter e intralaboratorio fue muy buena. Para detectar aislamientos sensibles a fluconazol, este método resulta confiable y de bajo costo; sin embargo, es conveniente que los aislamientos con halos ≤ 15 mm sean reevaluados por el método de referencia.


In order to standardize and evaluate a disk diffusion method with visual reading to detect in vitro fluconazole susceptibility of yeast, 1193 clinical isolates were tested. These included 584 Candida albicans, 196 Candida parapsilosis, 200 Candida tropicalis, 113 Candida glabrata, 50 Candida krusei and 50 Candida spp. and other opportunistic yeasts. The disks were manufactured in the INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán". The disk diffusion method results were compared to MIC results obtained by the reference CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method modified by EUCAST. The interpretative breakpoints for in vitro susceptibility testing of fluconazole were established at: zone diameter ≥ 16 mm for MIC ≤ 8 µg/ml (susceptible isolates), between 9 and 15 mm for MIC = 16-32 mg/ml (susceptible dose-dependent isolates), and ≤ 8 mm for MIC ≥ 64 µg/ml (resistant isolates). Overall agreement between the two methods was 94.7%, with 0.2% very major errors, and 0.3% major errors. Inter - and intralaboratory agreement was good. The disk diffusion method for drug susceptibility testing of Candida spp. isolates is inexpensive, reliable and reproducible. However, when the inhibition zone diameter is ≤ 15 mm, it is advisable to test the isolate by the reference microdilution method.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida/drug effects , Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests , Fluconazole/pharmacology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Candida/isolation & purification , Prospective Studies
2.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 37(4): 189-195, oct.-dic. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634503

ABSTRACT

La incidencia de candidemias aumentó aproximadamente en un 500% en hospitales de alta complejidad y se observó un cambio en la distribución de especies del género Candida, con un incremento de las levaduras no Candida albicans. Con el objeto de conocer la distribución de especies asociadas a fungemias por levaduras en Argentina y determinar su sensibilidad a los antifúngicos de uso convencional, se realizó un estudio multicéntrico durante el período abril 1999 a abril 2000. Participaron 36 instituciones del país. Se colectaron 265 aislamientos de levaduras provenientes de hemocultivos, que se identificaron utilizando pruebas morfológicas, fisiológicas y bioquímicas y la determinación de la concentración inhibitoria mínima se realizó en base al estándar del NCCLS. La distribución de especies fue: Candida albicans (40,75%), Candida parapsilosis (28,67%), Candida tropicalis (15,84%), Candida famata (3,77%), Cryptococcus neoformans (3,77%), Candida glabrata (2,64%) y otras (4,53%). La mayoría de los aislamientos fueron sensibles a anfotericina B, fluconazol e itraconazol. La mortalidad asociada a las fungemias por levaduras estudiadas (n=265) fue del 30%, siendo más baja a lo descrito (33-54%) y fue menor en los pacientes que recibieron tratamiento antifúngico (26,3%), que en los no tratados (47%).


The incidence of candidemia has increased approximately 500% in high-complexity hospitals. A change in the spectrum of Candida infections due to species other than Candida albicans has also been detected. Between April 1999 and April 2000 a multicenter study was performed in order to determine the species distribution associated to candidemias in Argentina and the susceptibility profile of the isolates to the current antifungal drugs. Thirty six institutions have participated. All the 265 yeast strains isolated from blood cultures were identified by morphological, physiological, and biochemical tests. The antifungal susceptibility testing of isolates was performed based on the reference NCCLS procedure. The distribution of species was: Candida albicans (40.75%), Candida parapsilosis (28.67%), Candida tropicalis (15.84%), Candida famata (3.77%), Cryptococcus neoformans (3.77%), Candida glabrata (2.64%), and others (4.53%). Most of the isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole. Mortality associated to the fungemia by yeasts episodes (n=265) was 30%, lower than results previously determined (33-54%). The mortality percentage in patients who received antifungal therapy versus patients without treatment was 26.3% and 47%, respectively.


Subject(s)
Humans , Fungemia/epidemiology , Yeasts/isolation & purification , Amphotericin B/pharmacology , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Argentina/epidemiology , Candida/classification , Candida/drug effects , Candida/isolation & purification , Candidiasis/drug therapy , Candidiasis/epidemiology , Cryptococcosis/drug therapy , Cryptococcosis/epidemiology , Cryptococcus neoformans/drug effects , Cryptococcus neoformans/isolation & purification , Drug Resistance, Fungal , Fluconazole/pharmacology , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Fungemia/drug therapy , Fungemia/microbiology , Incidence , Itraconazole/pharmacology , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Species Specificity , Survival Analysis , Treatment Outcome , Yeasts/drug effects
3.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 33(4): 217-22, 2001 Oct-Dec.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1171691

ABSTRACT

Candida vaginitis is one of the most frequent infection of the female genital tract with a high incidence. Approximately 75


of sexually active women suffer at least one episode of Candida vaginitis and 10


of them have recurrent episodes. Pregnancy, diabetes mellitus and antibiotic treatment are the most common predisposing factors, C. albicans is the etiologic agent most frequently found. The widespread reports of fluconazole resistance in Candida species and the selection of non Candida albicans prompted the study of species distribution of vulvovaginal candidiasis and their in vitro susceptibility against current antifungal agents. A total of 314 women with vaginal infection were studied. Yeasts were isolated from 104 patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis. The following species were identified: C. albicans 87.5


included C. krusei, C. famata, C. tropicalis and S. cerevisiae. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for nystatin, isoconazole, fluconazole and ketoconazole, using a broth microdilution method based on NCCLS procedure. Although most of the isolates were C. albicans, the high percentage of C. glabrata recovered suggests the need to identify the yeasts isolated. Fluconazole resistant C. albicans were isolated in 13.46


of the cases. Thus, further studies are required to correlate the possible role of these strains in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

4.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 30(3): 115-21, jul.-set. 1998. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-223483

ABSTRACT

Se probó un método de inoculación en conejos, por vía intradérmica para la producción de antisueros fúngicos contra Aspergillus fumigatus (AF), Histoplasma capsulatum (HC), Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (PB) y Coccidioides immitis (CI), con el fin de ser utilizados como sueros control positivos para pruebas de inmunodifusión en gel de agar (ID). En este trabajo se utilizó como inmunógeno el antígeno en la dilución de uso (DU) para las pruebas de rutina de ID, lo que facilitó su estandarización. Los antígenos de AF, HC, CI se prepararon por los métodos descriptos por el Center for Disease Control (CDC), y el de PB según la técnica descripta por Camargo y col. Todos los conejos produjeron anticuerpos contra los diferentes antígenos específicos (bandas por ID) en el momento en que se alcanzaron los picos de respuesta primaria y luego de cada refuerzo. La respuesta secundaria fue igual o menor que la primaria, aunque se mantuvo la calidad y cantidad de bandas de precipitación específicas detectadas por ID. La inmunización primaria con concentraciones de antígeno mayores o menores a la DU, sólo analizadas en el caso de A. fumigatus, produjo bandas de precipitación menos definidas o en menor número respectivamente, aunque los títulos de anticuerpos fueron similares


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Antigens, Fungal , Aspergillus fumigatus/immunology , Coccidioides/immunology , Histoplasma/immunology , Immune Sera/biosynthesis , Immunodiffusion , Mycoses/diagnosis , Argentina
5.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 29(1): 7-15, ene.-mar. 1997. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-223423

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de las candidiasis en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados y en adultos HIV positivos provenientes de 5 instituciones de la ciudad de Bunnos Aires, ciudad de La Plata y partidos del conurbano bonaerense, durante el período 1993-1995. Se determinó la frecuencia de aparición de las especies de levaduras y su perfil de sensibilidad a los antifúngicos de uso sistémico con el objeto de obtener datos actualizados de esta patología. Candida albicans fue el agente etiológico en el 87 o/o de los 214 pacientes adultos HIV positivos con candidiasis orofaríngeas estudiados y en el 50 o/o de los 209 pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados. En este último grupo el 28 o/o de estas infecciones se debió a Candida parapsilosis y el 18 o/o a Candida tropicalis, mientras que sólo el 2 y el 4 o/o de las candidiasis orales fueron causadas por estos microorganismos. La recuperación de Candida krusei y Candida glabrata, especies intrínsecamente resistentes a los azoles, se vio incrementada en la población expuesta al tratamiento con fluconazol. En ambos grupos se observó un bajo número de levaduras resistentes a la anfotericina B, en cambio para las drogas azólicas se detectó un mayor porcentaje de aislamientos resistentes, en especial al fluconazol: 13 o/o en los pacientes pediátricos y 34 o/o en los pacientes HIV positivos


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Adult , Amphotericin B , Candida albicans/drug effects , Candida albicans/pathogenicity , Candida/drug effects , Candida/pathogenicity , Candidiasis/etiology , Drug Resistance , Argentina/epidemiology , Azoles , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , HIV Seropositivity/pathology , Child, Hospitalized/statistics & numerical data
6.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 26(2): 65-71, 1994 Apr-Jun.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1171625

ABSTRACT

The results obtained with 307 specimens from putatively immunocompetent patients between May 1991 and May 1992 were reviewed, to determine the frequency of isolation of fungal species causing onychomycoses. Sixty eight percent of the specimen were positive for microscopic examination and/or cultures. Onychomycoses occurred with double frequency in women than in men (Table 1), and 77


of cases were diagnosed in patients aged between 30 and 70 years (Figure 1). Out of 182 patients with positive cultures, 60


were affected by dermatophytes and 39


by yeasts; molds (Aspergillus spp.) were isolated in only two cases (Table 3). Neither Corynebacterium spp., nor Malasezzia furfur were detected. In toe nails Trichophyton rubrum predominated over yeasts being isolated in 72.9


of the cases; yeasts other than Candida albicans were isolated in 12.3


, Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 10


, while Aspergillus spp., C. albicans and Epidermophyton floccosum in only 1.6


. On the other hand, in finger nails yeasts predominated: C. albicans was isolated in 46.7


of cases, other yeasts in 43.3


; and T. rubrum in the remaining 10


. Out of 41 isolations of yeasts other than C. albicans, 42


Trichosporum cutaneum and 6

7.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 25(3): 129-35, 1993 Jul-Sep.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1171607

ABSTRACT

In a retrospective review of laboratory records at the Department of Mycology, National Institute of Microbiology [quot ]Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán[quot ], during the period June 1989-July 1991, 1225 putatively immunocompetent cases of superficial mycoses were identified. Ninety five percent of these patients were adults and 5


children. Among the total cases, dermatomycoses were caused, 67.6


by Malassezia furfur. and 0.5


by other fungi, as proven by the isolation of the etiological agents. (Figure 1, Table 2). Among the dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes greatly predominated accounting for 66.6


of the isolates, respectively, whereas Microsporum canis (8.0


) and Microsporum gypseum (0.3


) were found with less frequency (Figure 2). Nails (47


) were the most common source of isolates in adults, followed by feet (28


) and hands (2


) (Table 1). Regarding the relative efficiency of the diagnostic methods, the analyses of laboratory results evidenced that, 98


of the cases with clinical findings compatible with mycoses and 76


of the cases with positive cultures (Table 1) were identified by microscopic observation.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL