Carcinoembryonic antigen determination in urine differentiates early bilharizal from nonbilharzial urinary bladder carcinoma

Both urinary Bilhariziasis and urothelial neoplasia are associated with increased production of tissue carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]. Urine and serum CEA were determined in 43 patients with urinary bladder carcinoma including 22 post bilharzial and 21 nonbiharzial cases, in addition to 10 normal control cases. A significant increase was detected in both urine and serum CEA levels with bladder carcinoma compared to control cases. Urinary CEA was significant elevated in 86% of bilharzial, versus 62% in nonhilharzial bladder carcinoma. Only 10.5% of control cases had urinary CEA elevation. The mean urinary CEA in bilharzial cases, was higher than that of nonbilharzial carcinoma, but the difference was not statistically significant. There was a definite relationship between urine CEA and the stage of malignancy; the higher the stage, the higher the level of urine CEA. No relationship could be detected between the stage of malignancy and serum CEA, or between the grade of malignancy and urine or serum CEA levels. In conclusion, urinamy CEA is more useful than serum CEA in the early detection of urothelial carcinoma particularly if provoked by bilharziasis. Its level is also correlated with the tumor stage

Study of carcinoembryonic antigen in bilharzial and non bilharzial carcinoma of the urinary bladder

Urine and serum carcinoembryonic antigen [C.E.A] were determined in 43 patients with bilharzial bladder carcinoma [22 patients] and non- bilharzial bladder carcinoma [21 patients] as well as in 10 normal controls. Significant increase of both urine and serum C.E.A. levels in bladder carcinoma patients compared to control levels was detected. Urinary C.E.A. Was elevated in 86% of bilharzial bladder carcinomal versus 62% in non-bilharzial bladder carcinoma while serum C.E.A. Was raised in 39% of bilharzial bladder carcinoma versus 10.5% in non- bilharzial carcinoma. The mean urinary C.E.A. in bilharzial carcinoma was higher than that of non-bilharzial carcinoma but the difference was not statistically significant. There was a definite relationship between urine C.E.A. And the stage of malignancy, the higher the stage, the higher the level of urine C.E.A. No relationship could be detected between the stage of malignancy and serum C.E.A. or between the grade of malignancy and urine or serum C.E.A levels