ABSTRACT
Objective:To study the biological basis of Banxia Xiexintang against chronic gastritis by using quantitative proteomics. Method:The experimental rats were divided into normal group，chronic gastritis model group，and Banxia Xiexintang group. The chronic gastritis model was established four weeks later by gavage with 56% ethanol. After treatment，the stomach tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin （HE） to observe the histopathological damage and improvement of gastric tissue in each group. The protein in gastric tissue was extracted. The differential proteins among different groups were studied by quantitative proteomics using tandem mass spectrometry tag（TMT），and the key differentially expressed proteins（DEPs） were verified by Western blot. Result:A total of 4 452 proteins were identified from rat stomach tissues，of which 318 proteins were different between the model and the normal group. After the intervention of Banxia Xiexintang，compared with the model group，there were a total of 258 differential proteins， which were mainly enriched in cell killing，nucleoid and hijacked molecular function. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG） pathway enrichment included tricarboxylic acid（TCA） cycle，steroid hormone biosyntheis，and Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling，as well as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt），nuclear transcription factor-<italic>κ</italic>B（NF-<italic>κ</italic>B） signal pathways. Western blot verification found that 14-3-3 theta，Tenascin-C，ntercellular adhesion molecule-1（ICAM-1），stem cell factor（SCF），Caspase-3，GTPase of the Immunity-associated protein 4（GIMAP4） and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1（Mpc1） might be the crucial proteins for the treatment of chronic gastritis. Conclusion:The mechanism of Banxia Xiexintang in the treatment of chronic gastritis involves energy metabolism，hormone regulation，inflammation and immune processes. The target proteins found by differential proteomics and the signaling pathways may be the biological basis of Banxia Xiexintang in the treatment of chronic gastritis.
ABSTRACT
This study was designed to investigate the effect of Gegen Qinlian(GGQL) Decoction and its different compatibility groups on gut microbiota in rats with acute enteritis, and to explore the efficacy of GGQL Decoction in improving acute enteritis and gut microbiota. Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, positive control group(SASP), GGQL decoction group, Glycyrrhizae-free group(QGC), Puerariae-free group(QGG), Qinlian-free group(QQL), and Qinlian group(QL). The pathological sections and detection indexes of the rats were observed before and after modeling and administration. After 7 days of administration, fecal samples from 24 rats were collected and Illumina Miseq platform was used for high-throughput sequencing. From the anti-inflammatory and pharmacodynamic indicators, the effect was the most obvious in GGQL Decoction group, QGC group, QGG group and QL group(P<0.05). The alpha diversity and beta diversity showed that there were significant differences in the composition of intestinal flora in each group. As compared with the model group, the increased abundance and diversity of the flora caused by acute inflammation could be down-regulated in all groups except QQL group(P<0.05). The differential bacteria were explored by using LEfSe analysis, and the results showed that Bifidobacterium and other beneficial bacteria only appeared in the normal group. As compared with the normal group, Lactobacillus was significantly reduced(P<0.01), and Bacteroides, Flavonifractor and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 were up-regulated in model group(P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with the model group, the number of Akkermansia was significantly increased(P<0.05), and the number of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 associated with intestinal inflammatory diseases was decreased in the GGQL Decoction group, QGC group and QL group. QGC group and QQL group caused the up-regulation of Ruminococcaceae and induced enrichment of Desulfovibrio which could lead to colon cell toxicity; QGG group caused the up-regulation of Proteobacteria and Burkhonderiales. The study suggests that the GGQL Decoction may play a role in the treatment of acute enteritis partially through improving the intestinal barrier, regulating the immune response and the structure of gut microbiota.