ABSTRACT
Aim Breast cancer was one of the most cancer occurred in women worldwide. Taq 1 polymorphism, a silent SNP,was thought to be genetic risk factor for breast cancer. This study was aimed to understand the relationshipbetween vitamin D receptor gene–Taq 1 (RS 731236) polymorphism and plasma vitamin D level among breastcancer patients in RSU H. Adam Malik Medan. Material and Methods Blood sample was collected from 53 newbreast cancer cases that had not received any chemotherapy. DNA isolation and gene amplification was doneusing PCR then followed with RFLP using Taq 1 restriction enzyme. The level of 25(OH)D was measured usingELISA. Result and Discussion Study results showed TT genotype was 92.5%, TC genotype was 7.5%, CC genotypewas 0 % using Hardy-Winberg Equilibrium (HWE) p=0.77, mean value of vitamin D level in study subject was28.16 ng/ml (CI 95%: 25.71-30.60). Fisher exact test analysis concluded that polymorphism of vitamin D receptorgene-Taq1 associated with plasma vitamin D group levels among breast cancer patients in H. Adam MalikHospital, Medan (p= 0.033) but there was no difference in mean plasma vitamin D levels between genotypegroups of Taq1 (p=0.141). Conclusion Vitamin D receptor gene-Taq1 polymorphism was associated with plasmavitamin D group level and but no significant differences in mean plasma vitamin D levels between genotypegroups of Taq1.
ABSTRACT
Ulcer healing process is an intricate and active process including reconstruction process of mucosa through formation of granulation tissue. Granulation tissue formation takes place by means of formation of ulcer base, formation of blood vessel (angiogenesis) and re-establishment of glandular architecture. The process of granulation tissue formation on the ulcer base takes place 48-72 hours after ulceration process occurs. These three phases involve various genes grouped according to their activated time, i.e. the initial response genes, intermediate response gene and late response genes. Initial response genes are activated in 30 minutes to 2 hours time, e.g EGF-R, c-fos, c-jun, egr-1, Sp-1, TFF-2/SP. Intermediate response genes are activated for 6 hours to 2 days, eg EGF, bFGF, PDGF and VEGF. Late response genes are activated for 14 days, e.g. HGF, ITF, c-met/HGF-R.
Subject(s)
Peptic Ulcer , Anti-Ulcer Agents , Granulation TissueABSTRACT
Women of reproductive ages are varies in their responses to exogenous FSH stimulations. The difference of FSHR genotype due to the polymorphisms in exon 10 is one of its significant factors. To know further whether the core promoter of FSHR is also polymorphic and to know whether those polymorphisms influence the promoter activity, we did polymorphism screening of FSHR promoter to 262 women undergoing IVF/ICSI, followed by functional study to know the impact of polymorphisms to the promoter activity. This study indicated that the core promoter of human FSHR is polymorphic. We found five SNPs at positions –29, –37, –114, –123 and –138 in addition to the variety number of adenines. Polymorphism at position –123 significantly decreased the promoter activity, in contrast, polymorphism at position –37 and –138 significantly increased the promoter activity, whereas polymorphism at position –29, –114 and short adenines stretch did not significantly influence the promoter activity. The differences of the promoter activities due to polymorphisms might change the ovarian sensitivity to FSH.
Subject(s)
Receptors, FSH , Polymorphism, Single NucleotideABSTRACT
The study was an experimental study with pre- and post-test design, to evaluate the effects of tomato juices (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) consumption on plasma lycopene level. Blood sample of 27 subjects with average age of 34.70 ± 5.74 years old, moderate education level (85.2%), experienced direct contact with working environmental pollutant (40.74%) and smoked kretek cigarettes (77.78%) were given treatment with 350 gram/day of tomato juices (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) which had been properly prepared for 4 consecutive days. The lycopene plasma level was examined before and after treatment. The findings showed that after treatment, the lycopene plasma level significantly increased. This showed that consumption of properly prepared of tomato juices will increase the lycopene plasma level.
Subject(s)
Smoking , Plant Proteins , Solanum lycopersicumABSTRACT
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) plays a pivotal role in the alcohol metabolism. Decreased activity of ALDH enzyme has more influence on the hypersensitivity to alcohol than of alcohol dehydrogenase. ALDH enzyme exists in several isozymes. Among these isozymes, ALDH2 is a major isozyme that has a very high affinity for acetaldehyde. Recent studies suggested that the deficiency of ALDH2 may be inherited. Functional polymorphism of ALDH2 gene has been observed in a nucleotide of the 487th codon. In the atypical gene, this codon consists of AAA nucleotides for lysine, instead of GAA for glutamic acid in the wild type gene. In this study, we have analyzed the genetic polymorphism of ALDH2 gene among 100 Indonesian students using genomic DNA extracted from hair roots. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods were performed for this purpose. Three oligonucleotide primers were designed for two steps PCR. The reverse primer R was intentionally constructed not to be 100% complementary to the template strand, to generate a restriction site for Eco RI within the variable nucleotide in the PCR product of ALDH2 gene. This study indicates that 70 subjects (70%) have wild type, 29 (29%) atypical heterozygote and only 1 (1%) atypical homozygote ALDH2 alleles. Conclusively, the atypical ALDH2 allele frequency in Indonesians (31/200) is higher than in Caucasoids (only about 5-10%), but less than in Mongoloids (40-50%). This may be due to the diverse ethnics of Indonesian population.