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Objective@#To investigate the potential relationship between sensory characteristics and gray matter volumes in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of children with ASD.@*Methods@#A total of 40 ASD children who were treated or recovered in Xi an medical institutions and 16 typically developing (TD) children who were from several kindergatens in Xi an were invited for participation. Sensory characteristics were evaluated by the sensory processing and self regulation checklist, 3D structural brain images were obtained with TIWI, and gray matter volumes were analyzed by voxel based morphometry. Sensory characteristics and gray matter volumes were compared between groups and the relationship between sensory characteristics and different gray matter volumes were analyzed.@*Results@#The scores of auditory, visual, tactile, sensory processing ability and sensory under responsivity in the ASD group were lower than those in the TD group ( Z/t =-2.63, -2.57 , -3.11, -2.19, -3.83, P <0.05). Gray matter volumes in nine brain regions increased in the ASD group compared to the TD group, including the left and right posterior inferior lobe, right parahippocamal gyrus, left insula, left media frontal gyrus, left superion occipital gyrus, right superion occipital gyrus, right superion parietal lobe, and right posterion central gyrus ( t =3.53, 3.69 , 3.37, 3.86, 3.61, 3.37, 4.04, 3.38, 3.16, P <0.01). In the ASD group, the scores of visual, vestibular, proprioceptive, sensory processing ability, sensory seeking behavior and sensory over responsivity were negatively correlated with gray matter volumes of left superior occipital gyrus ( r =-0.36, -0.40, -0.39, -0.36, -0.40, -0.36), and the scores of visual, vestibular, and sensory over responsivity were negatively correlated with gray matter volumes of the right superior parietal lobule ( r =-0.36, -0.50, -0.42)( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The presence of paresthesia in children with ASD is associated with gray matter volumes of the left superior occipital gyrus and right superior parietal lobule.
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@# Objective: To investigate the effects of antimicrobial peptides merecidin on the biological functions of human lung adenocarcinomaA549 cells and the potential signaling pathways and targets that involved in promoting apoptosis, by studying the changes of phosphorylation levels of proteins in A549 cells after merecidin treatment. Methods: The antibacterial peptide mericidin (9 μmol/L) was applied to treat A549 cells for 6 h, and the total protein was collected and extracted. The peptide was digested by trypsin and labeled with TMT, and then fractionated by HPLC. The phosphorylated peptides were enriched with IMAC-Fe, and finally subjected to mass spectrometry analysis. Library identification and quantification of phosphorylated peptides obtained by mass spectrometry were processed using MaxQuant software, to further analyze the functions and pathways of differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins by combining with bioinformatic analysis. Results: Through IPA analysis of phosphorylated proteins in the normal control group and the antibacterial peptide merecidin treatment group, 753 differentially phosphorylated proteins in mericidin treatment group were screened out under the conditions of |Fold Change|≥2 and P<0.05, including 229 significantly up-regulated genes and 417 down-regulated genes. Among them, the differentially expressed proteins related to apoptosis included RB1, MAPK1, ARAF, PTK2, FOXO, MARCKSandsoon.Theresultsofbiologicalprocessanalysisshowedthatdifferentiallyexpressed phosphorylated proteins were mainly concentrated in cell signal transduction, degradation and transport of nucleic acid, and cellular energy metabolism, protein translation and synthesis, and cytoskeleton formation etc. The enrichment results showed that the differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins were mainly involved in apoptosis-related MAPK, ErbB, PI3K-Akt, and Ras signaling pathways. Protein-protein interaction analysis indicated the associations among apoptosis-related proteins PTK2, PRKCA, MA2PK2, MAPK1, and LMNA. Conclusion: The antibacterial peptide merecidin may induce apoptosis and alteration of other cell functions by affecting a variety of genes and signaling pathways such as RB1, MAPK1,ARAF, PTK2, FOXO and MARCKS etc.
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@#[摘 要] 目的：以磷酸化蛋白质组学技术分析抗菌肽merecidin处理人肺腺癌A549细胞后细胞内磷酸化蛋白质表达的差异，探究merecidin对肺腺癌A549细胞蛋白质活性、功能的影响以及涉及的信号通路。方法：采用9 μmol/L merecidin处理肺腺癌A549细胞6 h，收集并提取总蛋白，SDS-PAGE检验全蛋白提取效果，加入胰酶来对蛋白质进行酶解。酶解所获肽段用TMT标记、采用HPLC分级分离、经IMAC磷酸化修饰富集以及液相色谱-质谱联用（HPLC-MS/MS）分离肽段。使用localization probability>0.75的标准对鉴定数据进行过滤，利用GO（Gene Ontology）数据库、KEGG（KyotoEncyclopedia of Genes and Genomes）数据库和STRING数据库对磷酸化蛋白组学数据进行分析。结果：SDS-PAGE 结果显示，经9 μmol/L merecidin处理后的A549细胞全蛋白分离效果清晰、无明显降解，且实验组与对照组条带差异明显；质谱共鉴定出位于3 089个蛋白上的10 320个磷酸化修饰位点，以|Fold change|>或<1.5且P<0.05为阈值从中筛选出差异明显的753个蛋白质及其1 172个磷酸化位点。蛋白质功能富集显示，磷酸化水平显著变化的蛋白质功能主要集中在蛋白质分子结合、代谢活性、分子功能调节、细胞进程、生物功能调节等方面；整合通路生物信息学分析结果显示，差异蛋白与Ras、PI3K/AKT、mTOR、AMPK等多条通路相关联；经过COG数据库筛选，发现差异性磷酸化蛋白主要集中在细胞信号转导、RNA转录、翻译后加工和修饰、核糖体合成蛋白质、细胞骨架蛋白形成及细胞内的物质转运和分泌、囊泡运输等多个方面；蛋白质互相作用层面分析结果显示，merecidin处理后的A549细胞中形成以MAPK1、RPL23A、SRSF3H、NCBP1等为关键蛋白的相互作用网，其中ATG2B、ULK1等蛋白显著上调，MAPK1、AKT1等蛋白显著下调。结论：磷酸化蛋白组学分析结果显示，抗菌肽merecidin可能通过MAPK、RPL23A、SRSF3H和AKT1等关键蛋白质在多方面生物功能和多条信号通路中发挥作用，促进肺腺癌A549细胞凋亡和自噬，从而抑制细胞的增殖。
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The occlusion design of dental implants is related to the growing popularity of dental implantology. This paper discusses the occlusion design of the edentulous implant prosthesis and the relationships between stress change and the alveolar bone and between the occlusal design and implantation complications. The horizontal relationship of condyle, the design of the canine-guided occlusion, and the similarities and differences between the dental implant and the natural teeth on biteforce response are mentioned.