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Objective@#To determine the current prevalence of health risk behaviors among college students in Henan Province, and to conduct an in depth analysis of the impact of cumulative ecological risks on health risk behaviors, so as to provide scientific basis for promoting healthy development of adolescents.@*Methods@#Using a multi stage stratified cluster sampling method, 9 743 college students from six universities in Henan Province were included as the research subjects from April to June 2023. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the College Student Cumulative Ecological Risk Scale and the China Urban Adolescent Health Related Behavior Survey Questionnaire (University Version). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, Chi square test and binary Logistic regression.@*Results@#The reporting rates of unhealthy eating behavior, unhealthy weight loss behaviors, lack of physical activity, daily risk behaviors, negative emotions, current smoking behavior current drinking behaviors, Internet addiction emotions and dangerous sexual behaviors among college students in Henan Province were 40.2%, 39.5%, 76.0%, 13.7%, 28.1%, 11.3%, 12.7%, 5.9% and 2.2%, respectively. The reporting rates of negative emotions, current smoking behaviors, current drinking behaviors, dangerous sexual behaviors and daily risk behaviors of college students were higher in boys than in girls ( χ 2=44.00, 995.20, 902.49, 121.95, 103.09, P <0.05). In terms of reporting rates of unhealthy diet, unhealthy weight loss and lack of exercise behavior, girls were higher than boys ( χ 2=107.59, 13.01, 145.83, P <0.05). Cumulative ecological risk was positively correlated with overall health risk behaviors. For every unit increase in the cumulative ecological risk index, the risk of health risk behaviors among college students increased by 48%.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of health risk behaviors among college students is relatively common. It should adrocate for a healthy lifestyle, reduce the cumulative ecological risk and the occurrence of health risk behaviors to promote the healthy development of adolescents.
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ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Minhang District， Shanghai from 2009 to 2020， and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. MethodsThe case information of HFMD was collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. We used descriptive epidemiological methods to analyze the population characteristics， temporal and spatial distribution of HFMD， the pathogen composition of the case and its changing trend. ResultsFrom 2009 to 2020， a total of 66，198 cases of HFMD were reported in Minhang District， Shanghai， including 377 severe cases （severe case rate 0.57%） and 3 deaths （severs case fatality rate 0.80%）. There were more cases of HFMD in boys than in girls （1.5∶1）. HFMD patients aged under 5 years predominated， accounting for 88.91% of all cases. Majority of the cases （91.42%） were in scattered children （55.80%） and children in kindergartens （35.62%）. The incidence showed a cyclical trend， with low incidence years and high incidence years appearing alternately. The peak period was from April to July， and sometimes there were small peaks during October to December. A total of 12 years time-space scanning analysis revealed 3 clusters. The cluster centers were located in Wujing Town， Huacao Town and Xinzhuang Town， respectively. The proportion of EV71 in common cases was generally decreasing， and reduced to zero in 2019. The proportion of CoxA6 had increased year by year， and reached 75.00% in 2020. CoxA6 became the dominant pathogen in recent years. The number of severe cases had decreased year by year since 2010， and the dominant pathogen was EV71 （90.03% on average） in severe cases. ConclusionThe incidence of HFMD in Minhang District of Shanghai has a downward trend from 2014. The dominant pathogen changes from EV71 to CoxA6， and the dominant pathogen in severe cases is EV71. The discovered temporal and spatial clustering pattern is helpful for in-depth understanding of the distribution and epidemic trend of HFMD in Minhang District， and provides a scientific basis for epidemic prevention and control.
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Objective:To investigate the value of net water uptake (NWU) in predicting malignant edema (ME) in large hemispheric infarction (LHI).Methods:Fifty-six patients suffering from LHI in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from September 2017 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and their NWU was calculated separately. Patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of ME, which was defined as space-occupying infarct requiring decompressive craniectomy or death resulting from cerebral hernia in seven days from onset. The clinical characteristics were analyzed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and respective area under curve (AUC) were used to assess the value of NWU and other factors.Results:After adjusting for atrial fibrillation, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at admission, and time from onset to imaging, multivariable analysis showed that NWU was an independent predictor of ME ( OR=1.226，95% CI 1.040-1.446, P=0.015). According to the ROC curve, NWU≥13.08% identified ME with great predictive power (AUC=0.813;sensitivity 0.64, specificity 0.94). Conclusions:NWU is an important predictor of ME in patients with LHI. It can help identify patients at risk of ME.
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Objective:To investigate effects of the modified adhesion retention on the surrounding tissues of dental implant.Methods:182 patients with tooth defects were randomly divided into 2 groups,The patients in control group (n =89) received the traditional retention,in the test group(n =93) received modified adhesion retention.The bone loss at the near and far edges of the implant,alveolar bone height and thickness,the pictorial view of pink esthetic score variables(PES),the modified plaque index(mPLI),the modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) and the satisfaction were recorded and compared 1 year after treatment.Results:Compared with control group,the test group showed less bone loss(P＜0.05),more alveolar bone height and thickness(P＜0.05).The satisfaction of the comfort,chewing and language function,retention,esthetics,PES,mPLI and mSBI improved to varying degrees(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The modified adhesion retention is more effective than the traditional retention in stabilizing the bone support of implant and reduce bacterial infection.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and reverse reactions of acupuncture combined with paroxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of mild or moderate depression. Methods The patients with mild or moderate depression (n=73) were randomly divided into control group (treated with paroxetine hydrochloride,n=33) and observation group (treated with acupuncture and paroxetine hydrochloride,n=40). The therapeutic course lasted for 6 weeks. The total score changes of Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were observed before treatment and treated for 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks. Rating Scale for Side Effects (SERS) was evaluated before treatment and treated for 2, 4, 6 weeks.Results The total effective rate of clinical efficacy in the observation group was 78.95% (30/38) and the control group was 68.75% (22/32), without significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The scores of HAMD decreased 4, 6 weeks after the treatment in the control group and 2, 4, 6 week after the treatment in the observation group compared with those in the same group before the treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01). There was a significant difference in HAMD scores between two groups after the treatment for 4 weeks (P<0.05). The scores of SERS showed a significant difference 4, 6 weeks after the treatment between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture can improve the curative effect of paroxetine hydrochloride and decrease its side effects in the treatment of depression.
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Re-evaluation of bioequivalence of generic drugs is one of the key research focus currently. As a means to ensure consistency of the therapeutic effectiveness of drug products, clinical bioequivalence has been widely accepted as a gold standard test. In vitro dissolution testing based on the theory of the BCS is the best alternative to in vivo bioequivalence study. In this article, the conventional dissolution method and flow-through cell method were used to investigate the dissolution profiles of domestic amoxicillin capsules in different dissolution media, and the absorption behavior of the drugs with different release rates (t85% = 15-180 min) in the gastrointestinal tract was predicted by Gastro Plus. The flow-through cell method was thought better to reflect the release characteristics in vivo, and amoxicillin capsules with regard to the release rates up to 45 min (t85% = 45 min) were having a satisfied bioequivalence with the oral solution according to the C(max) and AUC. Although two different dissolution profiles of domestic amoxicillin capsules were found by flow-through cell methods, prediction results revealed that domestic capsules were probably bioequivalent to each other.