Multiple pulmonary nodules in ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome: cause or result?

To report a case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis mimicking lung cancer with lung to lung metastases in ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome [EAS]. A 60-year-old man suffering from hypokalemic alkalosis, hypertension and limbs paralysis was referred to our hospital. EAS caused by malignancy of lung was highly suspected due to multiple pulmonary nodules presenting on chest film and positron emission tomography [PET] images. Video-assisted thoracic surgical biopsy tissue was used to confirm invasive aspergillosis instead of malignancy. Finally, the patient died of opportunistic infection. This case showed that although EAS is usually associated with solid tumors, multiple pulmonary nodules secondary to opportunistic infections such as invasive aspergillosis must be kept in mind

Carcinosarcoma of the pleura and lung metastasized from a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus

Transformation of a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] of the esophagus into a [carcinosarcoma] of the pleura and lung has never been reported and its histogenetic origin is still debated. A 48-year-old man was admitted due to progressive dysphagia and a weight loss of 5 kilograms within 2 months. Upper gastrointestinal panendoscopic biopsy revealed poorly differentiated SCC of thoracic esophagus, upper third, T4N1M1 a, stage IVa. He received concurrent chemoradiotherapy [CCRT]. About 9 months later, rapid progression of lung metastases and pleural effusion were found. According to the histopathological and immunohistochemical stain results, carcinosarcoma was diagnosed. Palliative therapy was given and the patient eventually died of the disease 9 months after SCC of the thoracic esophagus was diagnosed and one month after carcinosarcoma of the pleura and lung were confirmed

Synchronous double primary lung cancers via p53 pathway induced by heavy smoking

Differences in the histological manifestation of synchronous lung cancers are rare. Synchronous multiple primary lung cancers [SMPLC] are associated with long-term tobacco use, which could independently lead to mutations in the p53 and K-ras genes. We present the case of an 82-year-old man who smoked 30 cigarettes daily for the past 60 years. CT of the chest showed a right upper lobe mass. Bronchoscopy revealed an intra-lumen nodular lesion in the right lower lobe bronchus. The diagnoses of small cell lung carcinoma [SCLC] of the right upper lobe and non-small cell lung carcinoma [NSCLC] of the right lower lobe were confirmed by the morphologic features and the detected immunoreactivity. Immunohistochemical analyses showed a strong positive reaction for p53 in samples of the SCLC and NSCLC. The cancers had a different phenotype, but similar genetic abnormalities may have developed due to the carcinogens in the cigarettes