ABSTRACT
\ Primary nocturnal enuresis is a common behavioral problem among children. This study was descriptive of 32 children with enuresis in the Behavioral Pediatric Clinic at Chiang Mai University Hospital. The purpose of the study was to review characteris-tics of the children, their families, and outcome of the treatment. The results revealed that enuresis was 8.29% of the total patients in the clinic. The average age was 9.97ฑ2.54 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.3 to 1. Comorbid diagnosis was found in 9 cases (28.8%), which did not contribute to the symptoms of enuresis. A method the family commonly used prior to that of the clinic was waking up their child at night to go to the toilet. Clinical treatment consisted of general counseling for the children and families, motivation encouragement, and behavioral modification by using a star chart and reward system. Medication was considered as an adjunct therapy. There were 19 cases (59.4%) who had remission or improvement. Family concern and the child's motivation were a significant determination of the outcome of treatment. Chiang Mai Med Bull 2003;42(1):1-6.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective To evaluate electrolyte disturbances in children presenting with acute diarrhea at a tertiary care center, and identify any possible risk factors.Methods This was a retrospective study. Children who were admitted to the pediatric ward due to acute diarrhea were enrolled into this study. The inclusion criteria consisted of 1 month-5 year old children with a history of acute diarrhea (more than 3 loose stools per day or mucus bloody stool) that had a duration of less than 14 days. The patients were assessed clinically by degrees of dehydration. Serum electrolytes were evaluated in all cases.Results Fifty-three patients were included. The mean age was 19.4 months. One half of the patients developed moderate dehydration, whereas, 28.3% and 22.6% had mild and severe dehydra-tion, respectively. Metabolic acidosis, noted in 54.7%, was the most common electrolyte abnormality. Isonatremic dehydration comprised 73.6% of the cases, whereas, 17% and 9.4% presented with hyponatremic and hypernatremic dehydration, respectively. The younger children were predisposed to develop electrolyte abnormalities, particularly metabolic acidosis and hypernatremia. (p