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Gliomas tend to have a poor prognosis and are the most common primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Compared with patients with other cancers, glioma patients often suffer from increased levels of psychological stress, such as anxiety and fear. Chronic stress (CS) is thought to impact glioma profoundly. However, because of the complex mechanisms underlying CS and variability in individual tolerance, the role of CS in glioma remains unclear. This review suggests a new proposal to redivide the stress system into two parts. Neuronal activity is dominant upstream. Stress-signaling molecules produced by the neuroendocrine system are dominant downstream. We discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms by which CS impacts glioma. Potential pharmacological treatments are also summarized from the therapeutic perspective of CS.
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Humans , Glioma/pathology , Signal Transduction , Risk Factors , Anxiety , Brain Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#To survey the development status and actual needs of virtual autopsy technology in China and to clarify the applicability of forensic virtual autopsy laboratory accreditation.@*METHODS@#The questionnaire was set up included three aspects：(1) the current status of virtual autopsy technology development; (2) the accreditation elements such as personnel, equipment, entrustment and acceptance, methods, environmental facilities; (3) the needs and suggestions of practicing institutions. A total of 130 forensic pathology institutions were surveyed by online participation through the Questionnaire Star platform.@*RESULTS@#Among the 130 institutions, 43.08% were familiar with the characteristics of virtual autopsy technology, 35.38% conducted or received training in virtual autopsy, and 70.77% have establishment needs (including maintenance). Relevant elements were suitable for laboratory accreditation.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Virtual autopsy identification has gained social recognition. There is a demand for accreditation of forensic virtual autopsy laboratory. After the preliminary assessment, considering the characteristics and current situation of this technology, China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS) can first carry out the accreditation pilot of virtual autopsy project at large comprehensive forensic institutions with higher identification capability, and then CNAS can popularize the accreditation in a wide range when the conditions are suitable.
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Autopsy , Forensic Medicine , Forensic Pathology , Accreditation , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the relationship between AluYb8 insertion in the MUTYH gene and the risk of decreased left ventricular diastolic function in the elderly.Methods:In the retrospective analysis, 498 elderly patients with decreased left ventricular diastolic function(the disease group)and 155 people without left ventricular diastolic function(the control group)were recruited.Polymerase chain reaction was employed to analyze the genotype distribution of AluYb8 insertion in MUTYH gene.Cardiac function was measured by high-resolution color Doppler ultrasound.Results:The frequencies of the A/A, A/P and P/P genotypes were 30.1%(150/498), 48.4%(241/498)and 21.5%(107/498)in patients with decreased left ventricular diastolic function, and 27.7%(43/155), 54.8%(85/155)and 17.5%(27/155)in the control group, respectively.There were no significant differences in genotype( χ2=2.162, P=0.339)and allele frequency( χ2=1.342, P=0.794)between the two groups.Further analysis after stratification revealed that there were statistically significant differences in genotype( χ2=7.173, P=0.028)and allele frequency( χ2=8.352, P=0.015). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, in elderly patients with diabetes, P-allele carriers had a higher risk of decreased left ventricular diastolic function than non-carriers( OR=3.450, 95% CI: 1.148-10.372, P=0.027). Conclusions:AluYb8 insertion in the MUTYH gene may be associated with the risk of decreased left ventricular diastolic function in the elderly with diabetes.
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Objective:To explore the pathogenesis of gallbladder cholesteryl polyps (GCP) and gallbladder cholesterol calculus (GCC) by studying the different changes of mucin (MUC) expression and reverse cholesterol transporter (RCT) in gallbladder mucosa epithelium.Methods:The data of 10 GCP patients (GCP group), 10 GCC patients (GCC group) and 5 patients with normal gallbladder resection (control group) were retrospectively analyzed, who underwent cholecystectomy in the Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to December 2021. Among the 10 patients in the GCP group, there were 5 males and 5 females, aged (43.40±9.59) years old. Among the 10 patients in the GCC group, 5 males and 5 female, aged (45.00±8.13) years old. Among the 5 patients in the control group, there were 3 males and 2 females, aged (43.80±6.01) years old. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to investigate the expression differences of various subtypes of MUC and RCT [ATP binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) and B group type I scavenger receptor (SR-BI)] among each group.Results:Compared with the control group, the expression of MUC1 (3.40±0.70 vs. 0), MUC5AC (1.50±0.53 vs. 0), MUC6 (4.70±0.48 vs. 0), and ABCG1 (3.50±0.53 vs. 1.60±0.55) in the gallbladder mucosa of the GCP group increased, while the expression score of SR-BI decreased (1.70±0.48 vs. 3.40±0.55), with statistical significance (all P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the expression of MUC1 (4.80±0.42 vs. 0), MUC5AC (4.70±0.48 vs. 0), MUC6 (3.30±0.67 vs. 0), and ABCG1 (3.40±0.52 vs. 1.60±0.55) in the gallbladder mucosa of the GCC group increased, while the expression score of SR-BI decreased (0 vs. 3.40±0.55), with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). Conclusion:The different expression levels of MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC6, and RCT proteins lead to the differential formation of GCP and GCC on the basis of the co-pathogenesis in high cholesterol in bile.
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Most patients with spinal cord injury suffer from limb motor dysfunction. Given drugs, surgery and other conventional treatments are often not effective, the patients can only rely on a wheelchair to move or even lie in bed for a long time, seriously affecting their quality of life. Brain computer interface (BCI) technology provides a non-muscular pathway for the recovery of motor function in patients with spinal cord injury, which allows the patients to recover partial motor function through the normal function of their own non-diseased spinal cord or external mechanical devices. After decades of development of BCI technology, signal collection devices can identify and collect the motor signals of the brain more accurately, transform the signal by characteristic analysis, and implement the brain command by using the output device. A large number of experimental and clinical studies have also proved that the application of BCI technology in patients with spinal cord injury can partially improve the motor function of upper and lower limbs. Therefore, BCI technology has attracted more and more attention. The authors summarized the BCI technology and its influence on motor function rehabilitation in patients with spinal cord injury, so as to provide a reference for the rehabilitation of motor function in patients with spinal cord injury.
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During coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, the treatment of severe trauma has been impacted. The Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for severe trauma patients with 2019 novel corona virus pneumonia was published online on February 12, 2020, providing a strong guidance for the emergency treatment of severe trauma and the self-protection of medical staffs in the early stage of the epidemic. With the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council renaming "novel coronavirus pneumonia" to "novel coronavirus infection" and the infection being managed with measures against class B infectious diseases since January 8, 2023, the consensus published in 2020 is no longer applicable to the emergency treatment of severe trauma in the new stage of epidemic prevention and control. In this context, led by the Chinese Traumatology Association, Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association, Trauma Medicine Branch of Chinese International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology, the Chinese expert consensus on emergency surgery for severe trauma and infection prevention during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic ( version 2023) is formulated to ensure the effectiveness and safety in the treatment of severe trauma in the new stage. Based on the policy of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and by using evidence-based medical evidence as well as Delphi expert consultation and voting, 16 recommendations are put forward from the four aspects of the related definitions, infection prevention, preoperative assessment and preparation, emergency operation and postoperative management, hoping to provide a reference for severe trauma care in the new stage of the epidemic prevention and control.
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Objective:To investigate the value of a 5-point predictive score based on unenhanced CT combined with blood glucose detection for predicting short-term prognosis in patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 102 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage who received treatment in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were included in this study and analyzed retrospectively. Blood glucose level was measured and BAT score was used to evaluate hematoma enlargement. After 30 days, Glasgow Outcome Scale was used to evaluate the prognosis of patients. The relationships between blood glucose and BAT score, and between blood glucose and BAT score and prognosis were analyzed. The value of blood glucose and BAT score for predicting short-term prognosis was analyzed.Results:The Glasgow Outcome Scale results showed that among the 102 patients, 24 patients (23.53%) had poor prognosis. The BAT score and blood glucose level in patients with poor prognosis were (3.13 ± 0.68) points and (11.58 ± 2.30) mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than (2.40 ± 0.59) points and (8.88 ± 1.71) mmol/L in patients with good prognosis ( t = 5.10, 5.30, both P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, blood glucose level was positively correlated with BAT score ( r = 0.43, P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, blood glucose level and BAT level were positively correlated with prognosis ( r = 0.42, 0.47, both P < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve plotted for BAT score combined with blood glucose level for predicting short-term prognosis was 0.874, which was significantly greater than the area under the curve plotted for BAT score alone for predicting short-term prognosis ( Z = 2.54, P < 0.05). Conclusion:A large proportion of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage have a poor prognosis. The patients with a poor prognosis have higher blood glucose levels and BAT scores than those with good prognosis. Blood glucose and BAT score have a high value for predicting the prognosis of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Objective:To construct a virtual simulation training platform for peripheral inserted central catheter (PICC) catheterization and discuss its application in clinical training.Methods:A total of 118 nurses who attended the PICC professional and technical advanced training courses in a province in 2020 and 2021 were enrolled in this study. In 2020, the training was conducted in the form of theoretical teaching combined with practical training ( n=51), and in 2021, virtual simulation platform was introduced as a supplement on the basis of the original training ( n=67). SPSS 23.0 was used for independent-samples t-test to compare the theoretical and operational assessment results of the two years and evaluate the application effect of the platform. Through the satisfaction survey and learning log, the nurses' experience of using the platform was understood. Results:The theoretical performance and the operational performance of nurses who participated in the training in 2021 were (96.56±3.17) and (94.06±2.16) respectively, and the operational performance was better than that of nurses who participated in the training in 2020 ( t=-11.37, P<0.001), and the difference in theoretical performance was not statistically significant ( t=0.17, P=0.853). In 2021, 63 nurses (94.0%) who used the virtual simulation platform believed that the platform could assist to improve the training effect; 61 nurses (91.0%) expected the application of virtual simulation technology in the teaching and training of other knowledges. Conclusion:As a new teaching form, virtual simulation technology can significantly improve the training effect and satisfaction, and provide reference for the development of relevant teaching and training.
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Objective:To investigate the spiritual health status of nurses in elderly care institutions, analyze the potential categories of spiritual health of nurses in elderly care institutions and explore the influencing factors of different categories.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. From April to July 2022, 352 nurses from 15 elder care institutions in Shandong province were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on demographic characteristics and spiritual health. Potential profile analysis was used to identify different spiritual health categories, and one-way ANOVA and ordered logistic regression were used to test the differences in population characteristics.Results:There were group heterogeneity in the spiritual health of nurses in elderly care institutions, which were divided into "high level stable type" (34.66%), "medium level type" (44.89%) and "low self transcendence type" (20.45%). Ordered logistic regression showed that age ( OR = 1.054, OR 95% CI: 1.031-1.078, P<0.01), self-assessment health ( OR = 3.034, OR 95% CI: 1.478-6.221, P<0.01), and spiritual learning and training experience ( OR = 2.221, OR 95% CI: 1.370-3.600, P<0.01) were protective factors of spiritual health. Single parent families ( OR = 0.018, OR 95% CI: 0.002-0.197, P<0.01) and working 12 to 16 hours a day ( OR = 0.029, 95% CI: 0.009-0.091, P<0.01), working more than 16 hours a day ( OR = 0.046, 95% CI: 0.018-0.119, P<0.01) were risk factors for spiritual health. Conclusions:There are three potential categories of nurses′ spiritual health in the elderly care institutions, and different categories of nurses have different characteristics. Institutional managers should carry out targeted interventions according to different characteristics to improve their spiritual health.
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Objective:To systematically integrate qualitative studies of impediments to help-seeking behavior in victims of elder abuse.Methods:A computer search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsyINFO, Scopus, China Biology Medicine disc, China Knowledge Network, Vipshop, and Wanfang was conducted to collect qualitative studies on help-seeking in abused older adults, with search time from establishment of the database to February 2022. The literature was evaluated using the Australian JBI Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care quality assessment criteria, and the results were integrated using the Meta integration method.Results:A total of 9 papers were included, 32 results were extracted and grouped into 9 categories, and 3 integrated results were synthesized including the role of personal factors, the influence of cultural values, and the lack of effective support networks.Conclusions:Seeking help after elder abuse is a complex process influenced by a variety of personal, social and cultural factors. Awareness of seeking help after abuse should be raised, attention should be paid to the physical and mental health of the elderly, and professional assistance and counseling services should be provided.
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Objective:To explore the mediating effect of self-regulation fatigue between acceptance of hearing impairment and work withdrawal behavior in young and middle-aged patients with sudden deafness, so as to provide reference for the formulation of intervention measures for job withdrawal behavior.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted to facilitate the selection of 326 young and middle-aged patients with sudden deafness who were treated in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University of the Chinese PLA from February 2021 to January 2022. The survey was carried out by general information questionnaire, the Revised Acceptance Disability Scale, the Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale, and the Work Withdrawal Behavior Scale. Structural equation model method was used to analyze the mediating effect.Results:The acceptance of hearing impairment score in young and middle-aged patients with sudden deafness was (59.82 ± 10.99) points, the self-regulation fatigue score was (60.38 ± 8.84) points, and the work withdrawal behavior score was (39.06 ± 6.51) points. Self-regulation fatigue was negatively correlated with acceptance of hearing impairment ( r=-0.541, P<0.01). Work withdrawal behavior was negatively correlated with acceptance of hearing impairment ( r=-0.488, P<0.01), and was positively correlated with self-regulation fatigue ( r=0.587, P<0.01). Self-regulation fatigue played a partial mediating effect between the acceptance of hearing impairment and work withdrawal in young and middle-aged patients with sudden deafness, and the mediating effect ratio was 56.30%. Conclusions:The acceptance of hearing impairment can not only directly affect the work withdrawal behavior of young and middle-aged patients with sudden deafness, but also indirectly affect their work withdrawal behavior through self-regulation fatigue. Medical staff should pay attention to the internal relationship between the acceptance of hearing impairment, self-regulation fatigue and work withdrawal behaviors, so as to improve the acceptance of hearing impairment of patients, relieve their self-regulation fatigue, and avoid the occurrence of work withdrawal behaviors.
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Objective:To analyze the coronary angiographic (CAG) characteristics of coronary artery lesion (CAL) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD), and to clarify the necessity of CAG in the diagnosis and treatment of KD combined with CAL in children.Methods:It was a retrospective study to analyze the clinical data, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, time and findings of CAG in children with KD and CAL who underwent CAG in Shanghai Children′s Medical Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2013 to August 2022.The distribution, type, severity, and prognosis of CAL were analyzed.Results:A total of 117 children with KD and CAL were included in the analysis.The onset age of KD was from 2 months to 12.8 years old, and the age of performing CAG was from 8 months to 18.1 years old.A total of 234 coronary artery lesions were detected in 117 cases.Among them, CAL in the right coronary artery (RCA), left anterior descending branch (LAD), left main coronary artery and left circumflex artery were detected in 96 branches(41.1%), 78 branches(33.3%), 44 branches(18.8%), and 16 branches(6.8%), respectively.Unilateral coronary artery involvement was detected in 43 cases (36.8%), of which LAD was the dominant; while bilateral involvement was detected in 74 cases (63.2%), among which, LAD and RCA were the most involved arteries.Stratified by the degree of coronary involvement, large coronary aneurysms and severe coronary stenosis were most frequently occurred in the RCA and LAD.In contrast, 10 cases (13.6%), 20 cases (24.3%), 55 cases (45.8%) and 37 cases (67.3%) of intraluminal lesions were found in small, medium and large coronary aneurysms, and stenosis or occlusion, respectively.The incidence of intraluminal lesions tended to be higher in the site of severe lesions.CAG showed stenosis or occlusion in a total of 55 cases, and collateral circulation at varying degrees was found in cases of severe stenosis or occlusion.Conclusions:CAL in children with KD are complex and varied.Although clinical symptoms, routine electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound may indicate severe CAL.Their applications are limited by the diagnosis of the type (especially stenosis), degree, and extent of CAL, as well as the detection of extracoronary lesions.CAG is of great significance to identify vascular lesions and guide clinical management of KD combined with CAL in children.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of Tiaogan Lifei Decoction on the level of symptom control in patients with bronchial asthma (asthma) treated with moderate and high dosage inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS).Methods:Randomized double-blind placebo controlled prospective study was used. Totally 90 patients with asthma (liver lung disharmony, wind phlegm blocking collateral syndrome) using moderate and high dosage ICS who met the inclusion criteria from January 2020 to December 2021 in Chaoyang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing were divided into two groups according to random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. On the basis of using the original dosage of ICS, the treatment group used Tiaogan Lifei Decoction, while the control group used Tiaogan Lifei Decoction simulant. The course of treatment was 12 weeks. TCM symptom score of both group before and after the treatment was detected; asthma control test (ACT) was used to assess the effects of asthma on the patients; St George's Hospital Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to assess patients' quality of life; the peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) was measured with a peak expiratory flow meter. 2 ml of venous blood was collected for eosinophil (EOS) detection, and the serum allergen specific IgE level was determined by ELISA. The adverse reactions were observed during the treatment and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:During the test, 3 cases and 2 cases in the treatment group and control group lost prevention respectively. 3 cases in the treatment group and 6 cases in the control group withdrew from the trial because of the aggravation of symptoms and the need to increase the dosage of ICS. The total effective rate in the treatment group was 78.6% (33/42), and that in the control group was 55.8% (24/43), with statistical significance ( χ2=4.98, P=0.026). After treatment, the scores of daily activities, early awakening, control and total scores in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group ( t values were 1.76, 1.99, 2.00, 2.69, respectively, P<0.01 or P<0.05); after treatment, the scores of cough, chest tightness, active wheezing, upset, pharyngeal itch and total score in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group ( t values were -5.89, -6.01, -5.66, -4.27, -6.67, -9.05, respectively, P<0.01); SGRQ score in the treatment group was lower than that of the control group ( t=-7.19, P<0.01). No serious adverse reactions occurred during treatment in the two groups. Conclusion:Tiaogan Lifei Decoction is helpful to improve the symptom control level of asthma patients who are using ICS, and effectively improve the quality of life of patients with asthma of liver lung disharmony and wind phlegm obstructing collaterals syndrome.
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Aim To investigate the impact and mechanism of Weichang'an Pill(WCA),its ethanol extract(EE),water extract(WE),and active ingredients on the contraction of isolated rat ileum smooth muscles induced by acetylcholine(ACh). Methods In vitro tissue bath experiment,WCA,EE,WE,or their active ingredients were added under the action of ACh,and then the contraction tension of isolated ileum smooth muscle from rats was recorded. The binding affinity ofthe active ingredients to the muscarinic acetylcholine M3 receptor was explored by molecular docking. Results WCA,EE,and WE were able to considerably inhibit the excitatory contraction of the ileal smooth muscles induced by ACh. Costunolide,dehydrocostus lactone,santalol,muscone,emodin,chrysophanol,physcion,crotonoside,magnolol,and honokiol were also significantly effective against ACh-induced ileal smooth muscle contraction. Conclusions WCA,EE,WE,and their active ingredients may help to promote intestinal smooth muscle relaxation by blocking the binding of the M3 receptor on the membrane of ileal smooth muscle with ACh.
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Objective: To investigate the relationship between the long-non-coding RNA LINC00342 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the biological function of LINC00342 in HNSCC cells. Methods: The expression level of LINC00342 in the HNSCC was analyzed using transcriptome sequencing data from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database, and the expressions of LINC00342 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues (LSCC) of 27 patients in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were detected by transcriptome sequencing. The expression levels of LINC00342 in human embryonic lung diploid cells 2BS, HNSCC cell lines FD-LSC-1, CAL-27 and Detroit562 were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RNAi (RNA interference) was used for LINC00342 knockdown in HNSCC cell lines, and the changes of malignant phenotype in the tumor cells after LINC00342 knockdown were examined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, flow cytometry, transwell invasion and migration assays. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to construct a LINC00342-centered competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network, and GO (Gene Ontology) enrichment analysis was performed. Statistical analysis and graphing were performed using SPSS 25.0 software and GraphPad Prism 6 software. Results: Mean LINC00342 levels in HNSCC tissues and TCGA database were higher than that in normal control tissues, but with no significantly statistical difference (P=0.522). LINC00342 expression levels were positively correlated with cervical lymph node metastasis and pathological grade in patients with HNSCC, with higher expression in male patients than in female patients (P<0.05). Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that mean expression level of LINC00342 in LSCC tissues of 27 patients was significantly higher than that in the paired adjacent normal mucosa tissues (t=1.56, P=0.036). LINC00342 expression was significantly upregulated in HNSCC cell lines FD-LSC-1, CAL-27 and Detroit562 (t-values of -12.17, -23.26 and -388.57, respectively; all P<0.001). Knockdown of LINC00342 by transfecting si-LINC00342-1 and si-LINC00342-2 inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation (t-values of 8.95 and 4.84, 2.70 and 5.55, 2.02 and 3.70, respectively), colony formation (t-values of 6.66 and 6.17, 7.38 and 11.65, 4.90 and 5.79, respectively), migration (t-values of 8.21 and 7.19, 5.76 and 6.46, 6.28 and 9.92, respectively) and invasion abilities (t-values of 9.29 and 10.25, 11.30 and 11.36, 8.02 and 8.66, respectively), but promoting apoptosis in cell lines FD-LSC-1 and CAL-27 (t-values of -2.21 and -5.83, -3.05 and -5.25 respectively) (all P-values<0.05). The LINC00342-centered ceRNA network consists of 10 downregulated microRNA and 647 upregulated mRNA nodes. GO analysis results indicated that LINC00342-regulated mRNAs were enriched in 22 biological processes, 32 molecular functions, and 12 cellular components. Conclusion: High level of LINC00342 is associated with the malignant progression of HNSCC. LINC00342 promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion, and antagonizes apoptosis of HNSCC cells, which serves as a potential molecular marker in HNSCC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics , RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics , Clinical Relevance , Epithelial Cells , Head and Neck Neoplasms/geneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of Guizhi Fuling Capsule (GZFLC) on myeloma cells and explore the mechanisms.@*METHODS@#MM1S and RPMI 8226 cells were co-cultured with different concentrations of serum and the cell experiments were divided into negative (10%, 20% and 40%) groups, GZFLC (10%, 20%, and 40%) groups and a control group. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and flow cytometry were used to detect the viability and apoptosis levels of myeloma cells. The effects on mitochondria were examined by reactive oxygen specie (ROS) and tetrechloro-tetraethylbenzimidazol carbocyanine iodide (JC-1) assays. Western blot was used to detect the expression of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), cleaved caspase-3, -9, cytochrome C (Cytc) and apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 (Apaf-1). RPMI 8226 cells (2 × 107) were subcutaneously inoculated into 48 nude mice to study the in vivo antitumor effects of GZFLC. The mice were randomly divided into four groups using a completely randomized design, the high-, medium-, or low-dose GZFLC (840, 420, or 210 mg/kg per day, respectively) or an equal volume of distilled water, administered daily for 15 days. The tumor volume changes in and survival times of the mice in the GZFLC-administered groups and a control group were observed. Cytc and Apaf-1 expression levels were detected by immunohistochemistry.@*RESULTS@#GZFLC drug serum decreased the viability and increased the apoptosis of myeloam cells (P<0.05). In addition, this drug increased the ROS levels and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (P<0.01). Western blot showed that the Bcl-2/Bax ratios were decreased in the GZFLC drug serum-treated groups, whereas the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, -9, Cytc and Apaf-1 were increased (all P<0.01). Over time, the myeloma tumor volumes of the mice in the GZFLC-administered groups decreased, and survival time of the mice in the GZFLC-administered groups were longer than that of the mice in the control group. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues from the mice in the GZFLC-administered groups revealed that the Cytc and Apaf-1 expression levels were increased (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#GZFLC promoted apoptosis of myeloma cells through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and significantly reduced the tumor volumes in mice with myeloma, which prolonged the survival times of the mice.
Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Caspase 3/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Wolfiporia , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy , bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism , Mice, Nude , Apoptosis , Mitochondria/metabolismABSTRACT
【Objective】 To analyze the basic characteristics of whole blood donors from blood stations before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. 【Methods】 After excluding invalid data, data related to the basic characteristics of whole blood donors collected from 26 blood stations in China during 2018 to 2021 were statistically analyzed, including the trend of total whole blood donors, the number of repeated blood donors, the frequency of blood donation, the average age of donors and the recruitment of first-time blood donors. 【Results】 Affected by the epidemic, 8 out of 14 indicators were with large variations, accounting for 57%. The overall growth rate of total whole blood donors during the epidemic was higher than before the epidemic (P<0.05).The number of repeated blood donors has shown an increased trend, with a higher number during the epidemic than before (P<0.05). The frequency of blood donation was lower during the epidemic than before(P<0.05).Average ages of blood donors and female blood donors fluctuated widely during the epidemic, both higher than those before the epidemic(P<0.05).The donation rate of first-time blood donors <25 years old and ≥25 years old varied widely and irregularly during the epidemic (both P<0.05). The percentage of first-time blood donors fluctuated irregularly during the epidemic, with overall percentage lower than that before the epidemic(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Whole blood donors from 26 blood stations increased after the outbreak of COVID-19, and some indicators in certain areas showed significant fluctuations during the epidemic.
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Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of transcatheter fenestration closure following Fontan procedure with an atrial septal occluder. Methods: This is a retrospective study. The study sample consists of all consecutive patients who underwent closure of a fenestrated Fontan baffle at Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between June 2002 and December 2019. The indications of Fontan fenestration closure included that normal ventricular function, targeted drugs for pulmonary hypertension and positive inotropic drugs were not required prior the procedure; and the Fontan circuit pressure was less than 16 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and no more than a 2 mmHg increase during test occlusion of the fenestration. Electrocardiogram and echocardiography were reviewed at 24 hours, 1, 3, 6 months and annually thereafter post procedure. Follow-up information including clinical events and complications related to Fontan procedure was recorded. Results: A total of 11 patients, including 6 males and 5 females, aged (8.9±3.7) years old were included. The types of Fontan were extracardiac conduits (7 cases) and intra-atrial duct (4 cases). The interval between percutaneous fenestration closure and the Fontan procedure was (5.1±2.9) years. One patient reported recurrent headache after Fontan procedure. Successful fenestration occlusion with atrial septal occluder was achieved in all patients. Compared with prior closure, Fontan circuit pressure ((12.72±1.90) mmHg vs. (12.36±1.63) mmHg, P<0.05), and aortic oxygen saturation ((95.11±3.11)% vs. (86.35±7.26)%, P<0.01) were increased. There were no procedural complications. At a median follow-up of (3.8±1.2) years, there was no residual leak and evidence of stenosis within the Fontan circuit in all patient. No complication was observed during follow-up. One patient with preoperative headache did not have recurrent headache after closure. Conclusions: If the Fontan pressure is acceptable by test occlusion during the catheterization procedure, Fontan fenestration could be occluded with the atrial septum defect device. It is a safe and effective procedure, and could be used for occlusion of Fontan fenestration with varying sizes and morphologies.
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Child , Male , Female , Humans , Child, Preschool , Septal Occluder Device , Retrospective Studies , Atrial Fibrillation , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , China , Fontan Procedure/methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of posterior nasal neurectomy（PNN） with pharyngeal neurectomy （PN） on chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps （CRSwNP）complicated with perennial allergic rhinitis （PAR）. Methods:83 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis combined with chronic group-wide sinusitis with nasal polyps who attended our hospital from July 2020 to July 2021 were selected. All patients underwent conventional functional endoscopic sinusitis surgery（FESS）+ nasal polypectomy. Patients were divided according to whether they underwent PNN+PN. 38 cases in the experimental group underwent FESS combined with PNN+PN; 44 cases in the control group underwent conventional FESS alone. All patients underwent the VAS, RQLQ, and MLK before treatment, and at 6 months and 1 year after surgery. Meanwhile, other relevant data were collected and the preoperative and postoperative follow-up data were collected and analyzed to assess the differences between the two groups. Results:The total postoperative follow-up period was 1 year. The recurrence rate of nasal polyps at 1 year postoperatively and the nasal congestion VAS score at 6 months postoperatively were not statistically significant in the two groups（P>0.05）. However, the patients in the experimental group had statistically significantly lower effusion and sneezing VAS scores, MLK endoscopy scores and RQLQ scores at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, and nasal congestion VAS scores at 1 year postoperatively compared to the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion:For patients with perennial AR complicated with CRSwNP, the combination of the PNN+PN in FESS can significantly improve the short-term curative effect, and PNN+PN is a safe and effective surgical treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Nasal Polyps/surgery , Rhinitis, Allergic/surgery , Sinusitis/surgery , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial , Endoscopy , Denervation , Chronic Disease , Rhinitis/complicationsABSTRACT
Currently, the main strategy for preventing neonatal group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection is prenatal screening combined with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, which has effectively reduced the incidence of neonatal GBS early-onset disease. However, the burden of GBS infection is still significant. The intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis strategy has limitations such as inducing antibiotic resistance and inability to effectively prevent GBS late-onset disease. It is crucial to develop and evaluate other prevention strategies, while paying close attention to assessing penicillin allergy in pregnant women and how to prevent GBS infection in neonates with negative maternal GBS screening. In recent years, there has been some progress in GBS vaccines and related immunological research, and the use of specific vaccines is expected to significantly reduce GBS infection in neonates.