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Objective To investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and body composition of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in central and western Gansu province, and explore the influencing factors of adiponectin levels. Methods The body weight, body mass index(BMI), waist-to-hip, fat mass, percentage of body fat, visceral fat mass and muscle mass of 638 women(317 in perimenopausal period and 321 in postmenopausal period) in central and western Gansu were measured by bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was used to measure serum adiponectin levels. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple liner regression were used to investigate the relationship between adiponectin levels and body composition. Results The body muscle mass of women living in central and western Gansu province showed a downward trend after menopause period compared to those who were in perimenopause. The waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, percentage of body fat, visceral fat mass of postmenopauseal women showed an increasing trend compared to perimenopausal. There were no significant differences in BMI, fat mass and serum adiponectin levels. Overall, serum adiponectin levels were positively correlated with body fat percentage and visceral fat mass, and negatively correlated with muscle mass, and the main influencing factors of serum adiponectin levels were visceral fat mass. Conclusion The main influencing factors of serum adiponectin levels in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women living in central and western Gansu province are the visceral fat mass.
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The mechanisms underlying exercise-induced neuroprotective effects after traumatic brain injury (TBI) remained elusive, and there is a lack of effective treatments for TBI. In this study, we investigated the effects of an integrative approach of exercise and Yisaipu (TNFR-IgG fusion protein, TNF inhibitor) in a mouse TBI model. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to a sedentary group or a group that followed a voluntary exercise regimen. The effects of 6-week prophylactic preconditioning exercise (PE) alone or in combination with post-TBI Yisaipu treatment on moderate TBI associated deficits were examined. The results showed that combined treatments of PE and post-TBI Yisaipu were superior to single treatments on reducing sensorimotor and gait dysfunctions in mice. These functional improvements were accompanied by reduced systemic inflammation largely via decreased serum TNF-α, boosted autophagic flux, and mitigated lesion volume after TBI. Given these neuroprotective effects, composite approaches such as a combination of exercise and TNF inhibitor may be a promising strategy for facilitating functional recovery from TBI and are worth further investigation.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Recovery of Function , Tumor Necrosis Factor InhibitorsABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the correlation between 131I uptake and therapeutic efficacy in metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Methods:The clinical data of 138 patients with metastatic DTC (42 males, 96 females, age range: 8-74 years) treated with 131I in nuclear medicine departments of 31 centers all over China were retrospectively analyzed. The lesional 131I uptake was quantitatively analyzed with target-to-nontarget (T/NT) ratio through the regions of interest in metastatic lesions confirmed by either planar or tomographic 131I SPECT/CT imaging. The efficacies of 131I treatment on the metastatic DTC were divided into complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), stable disease (SD) and progress disease (PD) based on the change of the lesion diameter before and after the treatment. Factors which may affect therapeutic efficacy were assessed by the univariate (Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, χ2 test and one-way analysis of variance) and binary logistic regression analyses. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of lesional T/NT ratio to predict the ineffectiveness of 131I therapy was performed. Results:A total of 1 165 efficacies were evaluated. The planar imaging results ( n=653) showed that there was no statistically significant difference of T/NT ratio among CR, PR, SD and PD groups ( χ2=4.15, P>0.05). The tomographic imaging results ( n=512) suggested CR, PR, SD and PD in 7.6%(39/512), 65.8%(337/512), 22.9%(117/512), and 3.7%(19/512) of individuals, respectively, and the T/NT ratio among the four groups was significantly different ( χ2=30.46, P<0.01). The univariate analysis also showed that age, stimulated thyroglobulin(sTg), 131I dose were the factors affecting therapeutic efficacy ( F or χ2 values: 2.561, 7.095 and 8.799, all P<0.05). Furthermore, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that older patients (odds ratio ( OR)=1.034, P=0.022) or patients with lower lesional T/NT ( OR=1.086, P=0.006) had a higher probability of ineffectiveness. The area under ROC curve for T/NT ratio to predict ineffectiveness was 0.726, and the cut-off value was 6.2, with a sensitivity of 78.7%(107/136) and a specificity of 73.1%(275/376). Conclusions:131I therapy is an effective treatment for metastatic DTC. The age at the time of metastatic diagnosis and the lesional T/NT ratio are independent influential factors for ineffectiveness of 131I therapy. When the leisonal T/NT ratio is lower than 6.2, the inefficiency of 131I is higher.
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The study is to establish the two-dimension HPLC fingerprints of Dihuang (Rehmannia glutinosa), by HPLC-PDA and HPLC-ELSD methods. The separations were performed on Waters Atlantis®T3（4.6 mm× 250 mm，5 μm）and Welch Ultimate®Hilic-NH₂（4.6 mm× 250 mm，5 μm）columns with the gradient elution of acetonitrile-0.01% phosphoric acid and acetonitrile-water, respectively. The chromatographic display wavelength for PDA detector was set at 203 nm. For HPLC-ELSD, the nebulizer was set as cooling mode, the drift tube temperature was set at 60 °C and the gas pressure was 35.0 psi. Based on similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine, 26 and 10 chromatographic peaks were determined as common components for HPLC-PDA and HPLC-ELSD fingerprints, respectively. Chemometrics analyses, such as similarity analysis; cluster analysis and principal component analysis, were performed on the common peak areas in two-dimension fingerprints for 41 batches of Dihuang from multiple sources. The results showed that the HPLC-PDA fingerprint could distinguish dried rehmannia root between different sources, and HPLC-ELSD fingerprint could differentiate dried rehmannia root from prepared rehmannia root. The two-dimension fingerprints were established with advantages of a good degree of separation, abundant chemical information and multi-components identified including two nucleosides (adenosine and uridine)，four iridoid glycosides (catalpa alcohol，rehmaionoside D，rehmaionoside A and leonuride)，two phenylethanoid glycosides (acteoside and cistanoside A) and nine sugars. The method is simple and practical, which could be used for the identification and quality assessment for Dihuang.
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With the rapid development of Internet, the number of online medical service review websites has gradually increased, whereby more and more patients use those engines to share their experience in health treatment, discuss the quality of medical services or rate physicians, and make more researches on medical institutions and doc-tors just to detailed information on the remedies of their health cases. This paper selected the UK and US as typical cases of countries that have rapidly developed in this field, and focused on UK’s NHS Choices and the United States’ RateMDs, Healthgrades and Yelp websites. Their current status, organization structure, content, characteristics, ex-perience and problems were analyzed and summarized. At present, China’s medical service online review is still in the ascendant, but the relevant policies and academic research are facing scarcity. Based on the situation in China and the experience from the UK and US, this paper proposed policy suggestions as follows: (1) Establishing a na-tional comprehensive medical service platform led by the government or professional and competent association which integrates health information query, retrieval and medical service review functions. (2) Set up a scientific and pro-fessional organization structure for standardized and orderly governance. (3) Combining the subjective reviews with objective quality indicators. (4) Adopting performance evaluation, and so on. All of these concerns are proposed in order to improve the medical service transparency and responsiveness, and to promote the medical service quality im-provement.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes of cerebral metabolism in rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock by using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(PMRS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten New Zealand white rabbits were used for construction of the model of acute hemorrhagic anemia. 1H-MRS was performed before and at the time-peint of 30, 90, and 180 min after hemorrhagic shock. The concentrations of NAA, Cr, Cho, Lac, and NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios were estimated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hemorrhagic shock was associated with significant reductions in red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit, pH, and PaCO, and elevations of blood lactate and PaO. The ratios of NAA/Cr at 30 min, 90 min and 180 min after shock were (1.50±0.09), (1.37±0.09) and (1.27±0.10), respectively, which were significantly lower than those before shock (2.11±0.16) (P <0.05) (1.16±0.05) and (0.97±0.04) at 30 min and 90 min after shock, respectively, which were significantly lower than those pre-shock (1.38±0.08) (P <0.05). The ratis of Cho/Cr at 30 min and 90 min were (1.16±0.05) and (0.97±0.04), respectively, which were significantly lower than those before shock (1.38±0.08) (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MRS can noninvasively and dynamically detect brean metabolic changes in early hemorrhagic shock, and has positive significance for early diagnosis and prognosis assessment of hemorrhagic shock.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Aspartic Acid , Brain , Choline , Disease Models, Animal , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Protons , Shock, HemorrhagicABSTRACT
Objective:To optimize the extraction process of Guilong cataplasm .Methods:The yield of volatile oil was used as the index to optimize the volatile oil extraction technology by single factor tests. The yield of dry extract and the content of aconitine were used as the indices to optimize the water extraction technology by single factor tests and orthogonal test .Results:The optimal extraction conditions of volatile oil were as follows:the soaking time was 1h with 8-fold volume of water , and the extraction time was 6 hours.The optimal water extraction conditions were as follows:using 8-fold volume of water extracted for 3 times with 1 h for each time .Conclu-sion:The extraction process is simple , reasonable and reproducible ,which is suitable for the next research of Guilong cataplasm .
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After an evaluation system of intellectual property rights in tea industry was constructed according to the investigation of literature and networks , the development of intellectual property rights in tea industry of China from 2004 to 2013 was analyzed , which showed that although the comprehensive strength of intellectual property rights in tea industry of China has steadily increased , a number of problems still exist such as its copyright , trademark rights, geographical indications, intangible cultural heritage, and new plant strain rights.Further analysis of patent invention rights, practical patents, and outward appearance designs showed that the number of tea processing patent inventions is the largest with a stable patent right, followed by tea processing and tea sets, tea sets and tea pack-age.Suggestions were put forward for the development of intellectual property rights in tea industry of China.
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Objective To evaluate the association between iodine intake and treatment outcomes of radioiodine remnant ablation in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC),and to investigate the determinants related to the ablation efficacy.Methods A total of 95 PTC patients (28 males,67 females;average age 39.8 years) without distant metastases from January 2013 to May 2014 were enrolled in this retrospective study.All patients underwent total thyroidectomy and 2-4 weeks of low iodine diet (LID) before initial 131I therapy.Patients were divided into 3 groups according to urinary iodine excretion (UIE):moderate-severe iodine deficiency group (0＜UIE＜50 μg/L,n =30),mild iodine deficiency group (50 μg/L≤UIE＜100 μg/L,n =26),adequate iodine group (100 μg/L ≤ UIE ＜ 300 μg/L,n =39).Patients were followed up for 3-6 months after radioiodine ablation,successful ablation was defined as no visible uptake in the thyroid bed on diagnostic 131I whole body scan and Tg level ＜2 μg/L (with negative TgAb),or no visible uptake in thyroid bed on posttreatment 131I whole body scan.x2 test,two-sample t test,Mann-Whitney u test and logistic regression analysis were performed.Results In all,84.2％ (80/95)of patients were successfully ablated.The successful rates in the three iodine intake groups were 96.7％ (29/30),84.6％ (22/26) and 74.4％ (29/39),respectively,with significant difference (x2=7.374,P＜0.05).Univariate analysis revealed that UIE,pre-treatment TSH,pre-treatment Tg and the amount of remnant thyroid tissue at ablation affected ablation efficacy (x2 =7.374,t =2.037,z =-2.966,x2 =4.144,all P＜0.05).Logistic regression showed that the level of pre-treatment Tg (P ＜ 0.05) and iodine intake (P ＜ 0.05) were independent factors of ablation efficacy.Conclusion Iodine intake before 131I remnant ablation is one of the important factors affecting treatment outcomes.Thyroid remnant could be more successfully ablated if reasonable LID protocols be adopted according to the iodine nutritional status before treatment.
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Objective To investigate the application effect of anterior clinoid process drilled off via epidural approach in posterior communicating artery aneurysm ( PCoAA) clipping. Methods The clinical data of 42 patients with PCoAA who underwent craniotomy from January 2012 to January 2014 were analyzed retrospectively,including 22 patients performed anterior clinoid process drilled off and 20 did not. The difficult or easy degree of intraoperative aneurysm clipping and postoperative efficacy were analyzed. Results The aneurysms in 22 patients underwent anterior clinoid process were clipped satisfactorily. The brain retractor was not used during the procedure. Only one patient had cerebral infarction after procedure. No patients had oculomotor nerve paralysis and incomplete clipping of aneurysms. Of the 20 patients without the anterior clinoid process drilled off,3 aneurysms were clipped incompletely because it was difficult to implant aneurysm clips, 2 had cerebral infarction, and 1 had oculomotor nerve paralysis. Conclusion Removing the anterior clinoid process drilled off via extradural approach may bring convenience for PCoAA clipping. It can effectively avoid the difficulty of implanting aneurysm clips during the procedure. Its application is safe and can reduce postoperative complications.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate Chinese medicine (CM) patterns and epidemiological characters of patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) syndromes in clinics in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A prospective multi-center observational epidemiology survey on the clinical CM patterns of ILI and its prevalence was conducted from September 2009 to April 2010. A unified survey questionnaire was developed for data collection of ILI symptoms and CM patterns. Totally 45 hospitals from 22 provinces, municipality cities and autonomous regions of China participated this study. The collected data were input by EPI-data v3.1 and analyzed by SPSS 18.0, which included descriptive analysis and Chi-square test for group comparison.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 5,967 ILI patients were included in the study. The proportion of the 18-34 aged group (56.2%) was the largest; students (41.0%) were more than other occupations. Majority of the patients had the wind-heat invading Lung (Fei) syndrome (76%), while in Southwest China mainly wind-heat invading Lung syndrome and wind-cold tightening the exterior syndrome occurred. The typical symptoms of ILI were ranked as fatigue (80.9%), cough (72.2%), sore throat (67.2%), muscular soreness (67.1%), headache (65.4%), aversion to cold (60.1%), thirst (55.1%) and nasal obstruction (48.1%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The ILI patients in clinics were mainly teenagers and young adults. In regard to CM syndrome, wind-heat invading Lung syndrome prevailed in all regions except the Southwest China. The characteristics of CM syndrome of ILI patients may be relevant to age and region distribution.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Age Distribution , Body Temperature , China , Epidemiology , Hospitals , Influenza, Human , Epidemiology , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Prevalence , Seasons , Sex Characteristics , Syndrome , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of radioiondine therapy in the treatment of Graves hyperthyroidism with large goiter.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 128 patients with Graves; hyperthyroidism with large goiter (thyroid weight>70 g) as the study group were treated with radioiondine, using 318 concurrent patients with Graves disease with a smaller goiter (thyroid weight<70 g) as the control group. The cure rate following a single-session treatment, the total cure rate and the incidence of hypothyroidism were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the large goiter group, the total cure rate was 95.3%, and the cure rate following a single-session treatment was 46.9%, with the incidence of hypothyroidism of 4.7%, as compared with 90.9%, 65.7%, and 9.1% in the control group, respectively. A significant difference was noted in the cure rate following a single-session treatment (P=0.000), but not in the total cure rate or the incidence of early-onset hypothyroidism (P=0.115) between the two groups. No tracheal compression, laryngeal edema, or hyperthyroidism crisis occurred in the large goiter group after the treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Radioiondine is safe and effective for treatment of Graves hyperthyroidism with large goiter, and results in a total cure rate and incidence of early-onset hypothyroidism similar to those in patients with goiters of a smaller size.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Graves Disease , Pathology , Radiotherapy , Iodine Radioisotopes , Therapeutic Uses , Organ Size , Thyroid Gland , Pathology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the value of (18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging in the prediction of the efficacy of radioiodine therapy in patients with cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six patients undergoing thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation of the residual normal thyroid tissue received (18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging and then therapeutic (131)I-whole body imaging ((131)I-WBI) in the same week. According to those imaging results, the patients were divided into group I with positive results of both imaging examinations and group II with positive results by (131)I-WBI but negative results by(18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging. All the patients were followed up for 6 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In group I (14 patients), a total of 49 lesions were diagnosed as cervical LN metastases, and the total sensitivity differed significantly between (18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging and (131)I- WBI (67.3% vs 89.8%, P=0.027). In both groups, the total sensitivity of (18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging and (131)I-WBI showed a significant difference (26.0% vs 94.5%, P<0.001). The target and non-target ratio (T/NT) was identified as one of the factors affecting the radioiodine efficacy (P<0.001). In group II (22 patients), 76 lesions were diagnosed as cervical LN metastases. The effective rates of groups I and II were 35.7% and 81.8%, respectively, showing a significant difference between them (P=0.011).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(131)I-WBI is more sensitive than (18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging in detecting cervical LN metastasis in patients with PTC. Patients with cervical LN metastases who have positive results in both (131)I-WBI and (18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging tend to have a poorer response to the therapy than the patients with negative results in (18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging. The T/NT of the cervical LN metastases in (18)F-FDG dual head coincidence imaging is associated with the efficacy of radioiodine therapy.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Carcinoma , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Radiotherapy , Carcinoma, Papillary , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Iodine Radioisotopes , Therapeutic Uses , Lymphatic Metastasis , Diagnostic Imaging , Neck , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Radionuclide Imaging , Thyroid Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Radiotherapy , Treatment Outcome , Whole Body ImagingABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluated the safety and efficacy of hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy(HIPC) in the prevention and treatment of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) recurrence after cytoreductive surgery(CRS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Studies published in English before 2010 on HIPC after CRS for PMP were searched in PubMed database. Each study was carefully evaluated based on pre-determined criteria. Study results were comprehensively displayed in a form. A descriptive systematic review was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 11 studies were included. The median survival time of patients in these studies ranged from 25.6 months to 156 months. The ranges of 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year survival rates were 72%-100%, 55%-96%, 59%-96%, 52%-96%, and 55%-96%, respectively. The overall complication rate ranged from 2%-15%, and the total perioperative mortality were from 0 to 7%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HIPC after CRS is effective and safe for patients with PMP.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion , Methods , Peritoneal Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , General Surgery , Postoperative Care , Pseudomyxoma Peritonei , Drug Therapy , General Surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Protective immune response of the available IBD vaccine is insufficient to fully protect against the prevailing strain of the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Such a vaccination escape IBDV field isolate idenfied from Anhui province of China in December 2007, where IBD broke out at 2 weeks post vaccination. The IBDV vp2 gene was cloned into pFastBacHTA donor plasmid, followed by generation of the recombinant bacmid DNA pBac-VP2. The latter was used to transfect insect cell Sf9 with Lipofectamine to produce recombinant baculovirus vBac-VP2. The Sf9 cells infected with vBac-VP2 were stained positive against IBDV antibody using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), which was also confirmed by the detection of IBDV Vp2 protein in the infected Sf9 cells by IBDV sandwich ELISA. Western blotting revealed that the calculated protein of approximately 53 kDa was in the expressed in the insect cells. Moreover, virus-like particles (VLPs) and "inclusion body-like"structure in the infected Sf9 cells were observed under electron microscopy. We further developed an indirect ELISA for the detection of the IBDV antibodies, which was specific and sensitive. In addition, the lysates of vBac-VP2 infected cells was used to immunize 2-week-old SPF chickens, followed by challenging with the virulent IBDV, the survival rate was 30% at 14 days post primary immunization, however, the survival rate was 100% at 14 d after the booster vaccination. The ELISA antibody titers was up to 3.2 x 10(3) and neutralization antibody titer was 2536, significantly higher than those of one-shot vaccination, 8 x 10(2) and 1106, respectively. The immunized chickens did not show any clinical signs and histopathological changes of infection in 7-days trial time. The bursa/body-weight ratios were higher than those of the unimmunized control (P < 0.05). The virus-like-particle recombinant Vp2 protein expressed in insect cells promises to be a novel subunit vaccine and diagnostic reagent candidate for IBDV.
Subject(s)
Animals , Baculoviridae , Genetics , Cell Line , Chickens , Infectious bursal disease virus , Allergy and Immunology , Insecta , Genetics , Metabolism , Poultry Diseases , Recombinant Proteins , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Viral Structural Proteins , Genetics , Viral Vaccines , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Few in vivo studies had previously been attempted in reaffirming the in vitro data in current literature. This study evaluated the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow, periosteum and fat to treat partial growth arrest in immature New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits. A physeal arrest model in an immature rabbit was created. The bony bridge was excised 3 weeks later, and MSCs from various sources were transferred into the physeal defect of different rabbits. Group I consisted of bone marrow-derived MSCs, Group II: periosteumderived MSCs, Group III: fat-derived MSCs. Contra-lateral tibiae, without undergoing operation, served as self-control. The animals were subsequently sacrificed, with radiological and histological analyses performed. All MSCs demonstrated chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials in vitro. In correction of varus angulation groups I and II exhibited superior results when compared to group III (P <0.05). The length discrepancies between operated and normal tibiae in groups I, II and III were significantly corrected when compared to the control group (P <0.01). In conclusion, bone marrow and periosteum derived stem cells provided better correction of physeal arrest in rabbits. The source of MSCs itself could influence the success in the treatment of growth arrest.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Bone Diseases , Therapeutics , Bone Regeneration , Cell Culture Techniques , Methods , Disease Models, Animal , Growth Disorders , Therapeutics , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation , Methods , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Osteogenesis , Tibia , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the value of the additional skull lateral static imaging in whole-body bone imaging (WBI) vs CT for evaluation of skull base invasion in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 405 patients with pathologically confirmed NPC underwent WBI with additional static imaging of the left and right skull as well as CT examination of the nasopharynx and skull base within one week before the radiotherapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The concordance rates between WBI and CT for positive and negative diagnosis were 29.48% and 76.05% in these cases, respectively, with the total concordance rate of 81.23%. The concordance rates between skull lateral static imaging with visual judgment and CT examination for positive and negative diagnosis were 67.95% and 74.07%, respectively, showing a total concordance rate of 87.16%. Skull lateral static imaging with semi-quantitative analysis and CT examination showed concordance rates for positive and negative diagnosis of 75.64% and 74.07%, respectively, with a total rate of 88.64%. In 27 patients with negative diagnosis by CT but a positive one in skull lateral static imaging with semi-quantitative analysis, 9 had a positive diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Skull lateral static imaging can be of value in the diagnosis of skull base invasion in NPC patients and may serve as an effective means for screening skull base invasion in NPC.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Radionuclide Imaging , Skull , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Skull Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , Technetium Tc 99m Medronate , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Whole Body ImagingABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of strontium-89-chloride for management of bone metastases in patients without bone pain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-four patients without painful bone metastases were given a single intravenous dose (1.48-2.22 MBq/kg) of strontium-89-chloride, which was repeated once or twice at the interval between 3 and 6 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total response rate was 74.0% in these, and the response rate was significantly lower in patients with focal size>2 cm than in those with focal size<or=2 cm (33.3% vs 66.6%, chi2=14.9, P<0.01). The side effects of strontium-89-chloride included mainly thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, mostly mild and reversible without interventions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Strontium-89-chloride is effective and safe for treatment of nonpainful bone metastases.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bone Neoplasms , Radiotherapy , Lung Neoplasms , Pathology , Pain , Prostatic Neoplasms , Pathology , Strontium Radioisotopes , Therapeutic Uses , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) on spontaneous discharges of single hypothalamic arcuate neurons were observed in rat brain slices by extracellular recordings. The results showed that (1) of 149 neurons selected randomly and tested for 5-HT application, 33 (22.2%) were excited, 82 (55.0%) were inhibited, and 34 (22.8%) showed biphasic responses or failed to respond; (2) substitution of low Ca(2+)-high Mg(2+) artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) for normal aCSF abolished the 5-HT-induced inhibitory effect but failed to affect the 5-HT-induced excitatory effect; (3) cyproheptadine, a non-selective 5-HT receptor antagonist, could block either the 5-HT-induced excitatory or inhibitory effects in all neurons tested; and (4) bicuculline, a GABA(A)-receptor antagonist, blocked the 5-HT-induced inhibitory effect. These results imply (1) 5-HT excites arcuate neurons through a mechanism that is insensitive to the decreased extracellular Ca(2+), suggesting a direct postsynaptic action of 5-HT on the 5-HT-receptors located in the membrane of the neurons recorded; and (2) 5-HT might elicit the inhibitory effect through a Ca(2+)-sensitive release of GABA from intercalated GABAergic local neurons that are excited first by 5-HT.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus , Physiology , Cyproheptadine , Pharmacology , In Vitro Techniques , Neurons , Physiology , Rats, Wistar , Serotonin , Pharmacology , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the effects of exposure to white noise on the procession of learning and memory, and the expression of NOS (nitric oxide synthase) in hippocampus of rats Method: 20 rats were randomly divided into two groups for observation of spatial learning and memory, one group exposed to 80 dB white noise during Y-maze training, the other group received Y-maze training under normal condition Another 24 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, they experienced normal Y-maze training, noise Y-maze training and sole noise as control respectively Immunohistochemical assay was used to investigate the expression of NOS positive neurons Result: Noise hampered the ability of rats' spatial learning and memory, furthermore, the number of NOS positive neurons in hippocampus of noise training group was less than that of normal training group Conclusion: The activity of NOS positive neuron in hippocampus was decreased by exposure to noise, suggesting the inhibition of learning dependent long term procession in hippocampus and corresponding difficulty in obtaining and maintaining of memory