ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate and summarize the clinical and high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) characteristics of invasive pulmonary fungal infections(IPFIs)in children.Methods Clinical and HRCT data of 35 cases with IPFIs admitted in our hospital between March 2007 and July 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical and HRCT characteristics were summarized.Results Thirty-five patients consisted of 23 boys and 12 girls with mean age of(3.2±1.9) years.Host factors included acute leukemia (n=12),primary immunodeficiency disease (n=4),congenital heart disease (n=2),cerebral palsy (n=2),severe influenza A infection (H1N1) (n=2),ichthyosis (n=1),acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(n=1),systemic lupus erythematous (n=1),tubercular meningitis(n=1),mechanical ventilation(n=2).All patients were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotic,ranking by descending order:third-generation cephalosporins (28 cases),carbapenems(19 cases)and vancomycin (18 cases).Seventeen cases were treated with corticosteroids systemically and 12 cases with acute leukemia took antineoplastic medicine.The symptoms of IPFIs were intermittent or persistent fever,cough and rales.HRCT results:nodules (n=25,71.4％),subpleural patchy opacities (n=24,68.6％),mass (＞3cm) (n=4,11.4％),halo sign (n=27,77.1％),cavities (n=8,22.9％),air crescent sign (n=4,11.4％),miliary nodules (n=2,5.7％),pleural effusion (n=14,40％).Conclusion There are certain specific characteristics of IPFIs in children in clinical and HRCT aspects.The possible diagnosis of IPFIs can be made based on clinical and HRCT features.