Pathological mechanism and research progress of competitive sport inducing chronic traumatic encephalopathy / 中华创伤杂志

The competitive sports are beneficial to cardiovascular system and brain health. However, physical exercise is accompanied with risks. Severe trauma is possible in competitive sports that may impact on the head and body. In recent years, more interests are aroused in sports-related traumatic brain injury(TBI), especially the mild TBI(mTBI). Repetitive mTBI can cause persistent cognitive, behavioral and mental problems, leading to chronic traumatic encephalopathy(CTE) and eventually resulting in neurodegeneration. In this study, the authors summarize the pathological characteristics and mechanism of CTE induced by mTBI due to competitive exercise so as to reveal the pathogenesis of CTE and provide valuable information for early diagnosis, development of disease biomarkers and explore effective therapeutic targets.

Long non-coding RNA SAP30-2:1 is downregulated in congenital heart disease and regulates cell proliferation by targeting HAND2 / 医学前沿

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in many diseases. However, their involvement in CHD is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of dysregulated lncRNAs in CHD. We used Gene Expression Omnibus data mining, bioinformatics analysis, and analysis of clinical tissue samples and observed that the novel lncRNA SAP30-2:1 with unknown function was significantly downregulated in damaged cardiac tissues from patients with CHD. Knockdown of lncRNA SAP30-2:1 inhibited the proliferation of human embryonic kidney and AC16 cells and decreased the expression of heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 (HAND2). Moreover, lncRNA SAP30-2:1 was associated with HAND2 by RNA immunoprecipitation. Overall, these results suggest that lncRNA SAP30-2:1 may be involved in heart development through affecting cell proliferation via targeting HAND2 and may thus represent a novel therapeutic target for CHD.

Berberine hydrochloride assay in Dongbai Tonglin Heji by HPLC method / 药学实践杂志

Objective To establish a HPLC method for determination of berberine hydrochloride in Dongbai Tonglin Heji.Methods The separation column of Kromasil C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) was used.The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 0.05 mol/L NaH2PO4 solution(pH was adjusted to about 3 with phosphoric acid).The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min with the column at room temperature and the detection wavelengths at 345 nm for berberine hydrochloride.Results The linear range of berberine hydrochloride was 1.00~50.00 μg/ml(r=0.999 6).The average recoveries of berberine hydrochloride were 104.70%(RSD 1.60%, n=5).Conclusion This method is accurate, sensitive, selective and reproducible.It provides an alternative method to improve the quality control of Dongbai Tonglin Heji.

Arterial switch operation for Taussig-Bing anomaly / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To report the experience of the arterial switch operation(ASO) for Taussig-Bing anomaly and late outcomes.Methods From January 2001 to December 2015,57 patients were underwent arterial switch operation for Taussig-Bing anomaly in Fudan university affiliated children's hospital cardiac center,Median age and weight at operation was 63(37.5-88.5)days, 4.1(3.4-5.0)kg, respectively.29 patients with Arch anomalies(50.9%), 23 patients with unusual coronaries(40.3%),according to have arch anomaly or not and surgery time, dividing the patients into two groups, group A(have, n=29)and group B(not have, n=28), earlier experience into group 1(2001-2008, n=27), later experience into group 2(2009-2015, n=30), respectively.Results The Mortality was12.3%, the mortality of group A and group B was 13.8%, 10.7%(P>0.05),group 1 and group 2 was 22.2%, 3.3%(P<0.05) respectively, follow up was complete in 47 patients with a mean follow-up of(6.2±3.5) years , three patients lost, there was no late mortality, the actual survival at 1, 5year was 87%, 87%, respectively.Reintervention was required in 10 patients(21.3%), the aorta-PA valve diameter ratio was a risk factor for reintervention(group A P=0.02, group B P=0.04) ,and 1,2,5year free of reintervention was 95.6%, 86.6%, 77.2%, respectively.Conclusion The ASO approach can be applied to Taussig-Bing anomaly with acceptable mortality , and it is the procedure of choice at our institution.One stage to repair TBA with aortic arch abnormalities did not influence outcomes.The aorta-PA valve diameter ratio<0.5 was a risk factor for reintervention.

Investigation and analysis on off-label use of antibacterials for outpatients and emergency patients / 药学实践杂志

Objective To investigate the off-label use of antibacterials in out-patient department and emergency depart-mentand give reference for management .Methods About 10% of antibacterials prescriptions in out-patient department and emergency department were randomly extracted .Off-label use was analyzed by assessing off-label use percentage ,reviewing off-label types and evaluating the rationality .Results 23 600 antibacterial prescriptions ,including 43 antibacterials in 9 catego-rieswere analyzed ,and the off-label use percentage of 22 .00% .Cephalosporins contributed most in the amount of off-label use prescriptions ,while nitroimidazoleseries got the highest off-label percentage of 73 .45% .Improper frequency and dosing were the most obvious phenomena ,with the ratio of 55.64% and 52 .60% ,respectively .For oral drugs ,most frequent off-label use type of these drugs was improper dosing (72 .46% ) .For injections ,frequent off-label use type of these drugs were manifested improper frequency (82 .18% ) and improper solvent (38 .80% ) .Conclusion Off-label use of antibacterials in hospital was in a critical situation and most of the prescriptions were lack of rational evidence .Standardized administration should be introduced .

Clinical effect of continuous intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside combined with dopamine in the treatment of the elderly patients with refractory heart failure / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of continuous intravenous pumping of sodium nitroprusside and dopamine on treating elderly patients with refractory heart failure. Methods Two hundred and seventy elderly patients with refractory heart failure were selected as our subjects and they were randomly divided into sodium nitroprusside group,dopamine group and the combined group( 90 cases for each group). All the patients were given the corresponding symptomatic treatment,including oxygen,diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors,digitalis,aldosterone receptor antagonist,etc. Patients in sodium nitroprusside group,dopamine group were treated sodium nitroprusside or dopamine respectively,and patients in combined group were given both of sodium nitroprusside and dopamine by continuous intravenous pumping. Serum brain natriuretic peptide( BNP ),left ventricular ejection fraction( LVEF ),LV end systolic volume index(LVESVI),left ventricular end diastolic volume index(LVEDVI),left ventricular diastolic early, late filling velocity ratio( E/A ),mean arterial pressure and heart rate( HR ) level were measured or recorded. Results The levels of BNP,LVEF,LVESV,LVEDV,E/A,mean arterial pressure and the level of HR among three group before treatment were no significant differences( F =4. 000,1. 434,0. 503,3. 622,3. 589, 4. 135,2. 752;P﹥0. 05). After treatment,the levels of BNP,LVEF,LVESV,LVEDV and HR in combined group were(201. 6 ±66. 8)pg/L,(45 ± 4)%,(29. 8 ± 4. 8)ml/m2,(45. 1 ± 7. 3)ml/m2,(73. 2 ± 11. 2)times/min,in sodium nitroprusside group were( 298. 6 ± 75. 3 ) pg/L,( 37 ± 4 )%,( 35. 5 ± 4. 6 ) ml/m2 ,( 51. 8 ±7.5)ml/m2,(92.9 ±11.5)times/min,and in dopamine group were(293.7 ±78.2)pg/L,(37 ±3)%, (35. 6 ± 5. 8)ml/m2,(52. 1 ± 7. 3)ml/m2,(93. 6 ± 12. 3)times/min respectively,and the differences were significant(F=41. 683,129. 400,43. 600,28. 800,328. 600;P﹤0. 05). The total effective rate in combination group was 97. 8%( 88/90 ),significantly higher than that of sodium nitroprusside group( 86. 7%,8/90 ) or dopamine group( 88. 9%,80/90 ),and the differences were statistically significant(χ2 =7. 683,P ﹤0. 05). There were 3 cases(3. 3%)with adverse reaction in combination group after treatment,including 1 cases of headache and 2 cases of nausea and vomiting. All above symptoms disappeared after stopping drugs. There was 1 cases(1. 1%)with adverse reaction in sodium nitroprusside group,1 cases(1. 1%)in dopamine group,and there was no significant differences seen among three groups(χ2 =1. 630,P﹥0. 05). Conclusion Continuous intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside combined with dopamine on cardiac function in elderly patients with refractory heart failure can improve clinical effect and enhance the medication security.

Key genes in the myocardialization of proximal cardiac outflow tract septum in Cx43 knockout mice / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To investigate the changes of gene expression in the cardiac outflow tract (OFT) in Cx43 knockout (Cx43-/-) mouse embryos, and to elucidate the genes involved in the myocardialization of proximal cardiae outflow tract septum. Methods The cDNA was retrotranscripted from RNA, which extracted from OFT tissues of both Cx43-/- and Cx43 wild type (Cx43+/+) mouse embryos on embryonic day (ED) 14.5. The biotin-labeled cRNA derived from the transcription of cDNA was fragmented as probes. The probes were hybridized with Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array. Gene Array Scanner was used to screen the signals of hybridization, and the expression of genes was detected. Results Among the differentially expressed genes, there were 143 upregulated and 235 downregulated in Cx43 knockout OFT tissue compared with those in Cx43+/+ heart. Functions of proteins encoded by the altered genes encompassed all functional categories, with the largest percentage in genes involved in signaling pathways such as regulation of transcription, cell cycle, etc. Among the differentially expressed genes in the Cx43-/- heart, some were related with TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway, and Ssr1, Ptk2 and Bmp6 were related with conotruncal defects. These genes were verified by Real-time PCR, and the result was consistent with that of microarray (P<0.05).Conclusions Scaned by Gene Array and verified by Real-time PCR, genes related with TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway, and Ssr1, Ptk2 and Bmp6 were differentially expressed in ED 14.5 Cx43-/- OFT tissue, which may be involved in the myocardialization of proximal cardiac outflow tract septum.

Canonical correlation of professional stress,social support and somatic symptoms of sub-health status in Ningbo normal senior school teachers / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship of professional stress,social support and somatic symptoms of sub-health status of Ningbo normal senior school teachers. Methods 128 normal senior school teachers were selected and investigated by professional stress scale,social support scale and somatic symptoms of sub-health status scale, and canonical correlation analysis was used. Results The canonical correlation coefficient were 0.563, 0.471( P <0.01) with the existence of social support variable. The somatic symptoms of sub-health status would be greater with the rise of their professional stress and the decline of their social support. The canonical correlation coefficient was 0.497( P <0.01) with the elimination of social support variable. The factor loading of "examination pressure","professional burden" and "career expectation" in canonical variable ξ add to 0.801,0.855,0.726 respectively. The factor loading of "feeling of fatigue","sleep disorders" in canonical variable η add to 0.774,0.859 respectively. Conclusion The social support have adjustment function between the professional stress and somatic symptoms of sub-health status.