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Sophora alopecuroides, a plant of the family Leguminosae, is one of the Daodi herbs in Ningxia. The active constituents of Sophora alopecuroides are abundant and complex, including alkaloids, flavonoids, volatile oils, steroids, polysaccharides, fatty acids and so on. In recent decades, a great number of domestic and overseas studies have been carried out on Sophora alopecuroides alkaloids, which have anti-hepatitis, anti-liver fibrosis, anti-cirrhosis, anti-liver failure and anti-liver cancer and other pharmacological effects. Clinically, Matrine-related drugs are used to treat hepatitis B virus infection and other diseases. This review aims to summarize the main active ingredients of Sophora alopecuroides, mainly focusing on the research progress in their treatment activities for liver diseases.
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Objective To find small molecules binding specifically to signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3) based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology and confirm their inhibitory activities to STAT3. Methods The biomolecular interaction analysis T200 system based on SPR technology was used to couple the purified protein STAT3 to CM5 chip under the optimal pH conditions. The compounds with high binding response value were screened out from 50 candidate compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicines and the binding specificity was then confirmed. Biological experiments were performed to confirm the inhibitory effects of the screened compounds on STAT3. The binding pattern of STAT3 and the compound was fitted by molecular docking technique. Results More than 10 candidate molecules exhibited binding activities to STAT3 and kinetics assays revealed that only one candidate molecule, apigenin, showed specific binding. Western-blot analysis exhibited that apigenin inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 dose-dependently. Luciferase reporter gene assays demonstrated that apigenin also inhibited IL-6-induced STAT3 transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking results showed that apigenin binds to the SH2 domain of STAT3, and interacts with key residues Glu638, Gln644, Gly656 and Lys658 by hydrogen bonds and with Tyr657 through π-π interactions. Conclusion Apigenin was a direct inhibitor of STAT3.
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Objective To observe the dynamic characteristics of protein kinase ,casein kinase II α (CK2α) ,expression during hepatic fibrogenesis in rats ;and the effects of a matrine derivative ,13-methylamino-18-thione-matrine (M ASM ) ,on CK2αexpression when it is used for anti-fibrotic treatment .Methods Hepatic fibrosis model was established in SD rats by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) injection or by bile duct ligation (BDL) .The established fibrotic rats were given 50 mg/kg MASM or saline as a control by gavage for three weeks .The level of hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by histopathology examina-tion using hematoxylin-eosin staining ,and using the sirius red and Masson's trichrome staining for collagen determination in fi-brosis .The expressions of CK2αandα-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in hepatic tissues were detected by immunohistochemis-ry .Results CK2α is mainly expressed in the stellate cells of fibrotic livers induced by DM N or BDL comparing the control group .Along with the development of hepatic fibrosis as evidenced by α-SMA expression ,increased CK2α-positive cells in liver were detected while injecting DMN in the rats for one to four weeks .MASM treatment significantly inhibited the hepatic fibro-sis and suppressed the expression of CK2αcomparing the model group .Conclusion The expression level of CK2α,and hepatic fibrosis formation are positively correlated .The matrine derivative ,MASM ,can significantly inhibit hepatic fibrosis and sup-press the CK2αexpression .These results suggest CK2αmay be a potential target for hepatic fibrosis therapy .
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the implementation and the outcome of the first time online bidding for drug purchase so as to provide reference of further standardizing the online bidding for drug purchase.METHODS:The data of the first time online bidding for drug purchase of a large grade three class A comprehensive hospital were subjected to a retrospective statistical analysis with the use of Shanghai Jinshida Weining THIS4.0 system and Excel software.RESULTS:86.06% of the drug varieties in this hospital underwent online bidding for drug purchase.The mean drug cost,per capita drug cost of outpatients and inpatients were reduced by 6.95%,10.61%,and 1.10%,respectively.CONCLUSION:The online bidding for drug purchase contributes to the standardization of hospital drug purchase behavior and relieving of the problem of "high cost in medication".However,which is far from perfect and thus remains to be improved further.
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The interference of optokinetic nystagmus from vestibular nystagmus was evaluated in 10 patients with a pre-existing spontaneous peripheral vestibular nystagmus, and in 9 normal subjects, in whom vestibular nystagmus was induced with 10 times of 60?sec constant speed count-clockwise rotation. The examinees of both groups were all subjected to horizontal clockwise and counter-clockwise optokinetic stimulation(target speed 60?/sec, frequency 2 Hz).It was found that vestibular nystagmus exerted no significant modifying effect on the eye velocity of the slow phas? of optokinptic nystagmus and that no favourablp evid?cs was demonstrated to support the algebraic summation hypothesis.