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Objective To investigate the expression change of renal NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 protein(NALP3) in-flammasome in the nephrotic syndrome(NS) patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) and its relation with the tubu-lointerstitial pathogenic injury degree ,expression of inflammatory factors and clinical biochemical indexes .Methods Immunohisto-chemistry was used to detect the expressions of NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 and their downstream effector molecule IL-1β,IL-18 in re-nal tubular epithelial cells .The tubulointerstitial injury score and the activated macrophages F4/80 in renal interstitium of the FSGS patients and NS patiens were evaluated .The serum creatinine ,urea ,total protein ,albumin ,24 h urine protein and estimated glomer-ular filtration rate(eGFR) were observed .The correlation of tubulointerstitial injury with NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 were respectively analyzed .Results The expression of NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 in the renal tissue of the FSGS pa-tients was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (P<0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/capspase-1 expression was pos-itively correlated with the expression of IL-1β,IL-18(P< 0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 expression was positively correlated with renal tubulointerstitial injury and the F4/80 expression intensity(P<0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 was significantly positively correlated with 24 h urine protein and Scr ,and negatively correlated with the eGFR (P<0 .05) ,but had no obvious correlation with plasma urea ,plasma total protein and albumin concentrations .Conclusion The NALP3 inflammasome might participate in the pathogenic mechanism of FSGS through the activation of its downstream inflammatory factor of IL-1β,IL-18 ,the more higher its expression degree ,the more severe the renal tissue injury ,whether which could be served as the warning in-dex needs the further clinical verification .
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Objective To report our experience on video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VAMT)for the treatment of benign esophageal neoplasm.Methods A total of 56 patients with benign esophageal neoplasm received VATS with or without auxiliary mini-thoracotomy in our hospital from March 1995 to January 2008.Under the assistance of a fiber gastroscope,through a 1.5-cm and two 2-cm incisions,the neoplasm was removed by using 3 trocars.In some cases,a 5-cm subaxillary incision was made.ResultsAmong the cases,the neoplasm was removed in 54 patients with VATS(with auxiliary mini-thoracotomy performed in 8),in which postoperative pathological examination showed esophageal leiomyoma in 47 and interstitialoma in 7.Two patients were converted to open surgery because of huge leiomyoma invading the muscular layer with an active growth,or low-malignant potential leiomyoma.Partial esophagectomy and end-to-end anastomosis were carried out in these two patients.No patient died intra-or peri-operation.No serious postoperative complication occurred in this series.A 2-to 128-month follow-up(mean,58.6 months)was achieved in 49 of the patients,none of them complained of dysphagia or developed recurrence during the period.Conclusions VATS(combined with mini-thoracotomy)is safe and effective for benign esophageal neoplasm.It can be the first choice for the treatment of the disease.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To explore the feasibility of extended resection in selective patients with centrally located lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January, 1987 to December, 2001, lobectomy or pneumonectomy combined with extended resection of trachea, bronchus, heart or great vessels were carried out in 134 patients with centrally located lung cancer. The operations included bronchoplastic procedures in 80 cases, extended resection and reconstruction of left atrium and/or great vessels in 54 cases (32 cases with contemporary bronchoplasty).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Operative death occurred in one case. Postoperative complications happened in 16 cases (11.9%). One hundred and seventeen cases (94.4%) were followed up. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rate was 84.7% (61/72), 56.7% (34/60) and 45.7% (21/46) respectively, while of those combined with tracheo bronchoplasty and/or cardiovascular reconstruction, the 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rate was 69.2% (36/52), 46.8% (22/47) and 22.2% (8/36) respectively. (P < 0.05), while expression of KAI1 mRNA did not relate to mutant P53 protein expression (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Extended resection combined with tracheo-bronchoplasty and/or cardiovascular reconstruction is feasible for selected patients with centrally located lung cancer and could improve the survival and life quality of patients.</p>
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0.05),and the levels of Fib and D-dimer were obviously higher but AT-Ⅲ was obviously lower in 2 NS groups than those in normal control group(P
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Objective To investigate the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)in renal tissues of crescent nephritis and its correlation with cell proliferation and pathologic tubulointerstitial lesion.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect IDO expression in renal tissues of crescent nephritis and normal renal tissues.The correlation between IDO expression and the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)positive cells or pathologic tubulointerstitial lesion were analyzed.Results IDO expression was found in the renal tubular epithelial cells of crescent nephritis,while that in the normal renal tissues was negative by immunohistochemical staining.The expression of IDO protein in tubular epithelial cells showed a significantly negative correlation with the number of PCNA positive cells or tubulointerstitial lesion of crescent nephritis.Conclusion IDO may participate in the pathogenesis of crescent nephritis by inhibiting the cell proliferation.
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Objective To retrieval the ways of prevent complications of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Methods The operation included bullectomy in 462 patients, resection of mediastinal tumor or cyst in 86; esophageal diseases in 94, lobectomy or wedge resection of lung in 140, VATS hemostasis in 22, partial pericardial or pleural excision in 54 and biopsy for undetermined chest diseases in 54. Combined anesthesia with intubations of double lumen tracheal tube was performed in 866 patients and single-lumen tracheal tube in 46. Results 886 operations were completed by VATS, and 26cases were converted into thoracotomy for various reasons. Complications occurred in 36 patients (3.95%), including 10 cases occurred during the operation (esophageous mucous rupture in 4, nerve injury in 2 and insufficient hemostasis leading to postoperative bleeding in 4). 26 cases (2.85%) developed complications postoperatively, including persistent air leak (≥7 days) in 19, pleural effusion making a second water-sealed drainage necessary in 3, atrial fibrillation in 2 and infection in 1. One died for respiratory failure on the fifth postoperative day. Conclusion VATS experience should be gained systematically. In order to reduce the complications, more attentions must be paid to training of the thoracic surgeons in order to master the skill and the correlated knowledge of VATS.
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Objective To discuss the necessity of mediastinal lymph node dissection in the resection of lung cancer. Method 740 patients with lung cancer underwent lobectomy or pneumonectomy during Jan. 1987 to Dec. 2002 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Totally 3492 lymph nodes were removed and checked up pathologically. Result Lymph nodes with metastasic were confirmed in 362 out of the 740 cases, and the metastasis ratio was 48.9%, and among them in 276 patients suffered N_2 lesion, with the ratio of 37.3%. The statistic result showed that lymph node metastasis was correlated to the location, cell type, the size, T stage and differentiation of lung cancer. Conclusion Lymph node metastasis in lung cancer is common and related to multiple factors. In order to obtain radical cure, both mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes should be removed.
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Objective To study the physiological properties of a potassium channel in the basolateral membrane (BLM) of proximal tubule. Methods Nephrons were dissected from rat kidney under a stereoscopic microscope. The standard configuration for single channel tight seal patch clamp technique was used to record channel currents from the BLM. Results A kind of potassium channel with low conductance and inward rectification was easily recorded in the BLM of the proximal tubule. The channel current occurred spontaneously in 81% seals made on the BLM. In the patches, with no spontaneous channel activity, the channel current occurred when the pressure increased. In the inside out configuration, run down was present in channel activity. The open dwelling time constants of the potassium channel were 0.524 ms and 5.087 ms, while the closed dwelling time constants were 1.029 ms and 16.500 ms. Conclusion A type of potassium channels with low conductance, stretch sensibility and chemistry sensibility, presenting kinetic properties as two opening and two closing states, are widely distributed in the basolateral membrane of proximal tubule.
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Objective To evaluate the feasibility of reconstruction of artificial bladder tissue using the expanded bladder cells seeded onto both sides of a synthetic PLGA polymer and cultured in the nude mice by tissue engineering technique. Methods The urothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were obtained from young rabbits by mechanical isolation and enzyme digestion method. In vitro cultured and expanded smooth muscle cells and urothelial cells were seeded onto the outer and inner surfaces of each polymer. Then, the constructs were implanted into the subcutaneous pockets of athymic mice. At 4 and 8 weeks after implantation, the specimens were harvested and examined macroscopically, histologically, and immunohistochemically. Results The polymer was covered with urothelial cells inside and smooth muscle cells outside. As polymer degradation was in progress, the urothelial cells and the smooth muscle cells kept proliferation and converged. Conclusion Artificial bladder tissue reconstructed by tissue engineering technique has the similar properties to those of the normal bladder wall. This study has laid solid foundation for further studies of tissue engineering bladder.
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Objective To investigate the induced expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in epithelial cells of cultured human proximal renal tubule under the stimulation of interferon-?(IFN-?)in vitro.Methods The expression of IDOmRNA in epithelial cells of human proximal renal tubule under normal and different dosage or time of IFN-? stimulation were assayed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR,the expression of IDO protein under normal and 2000U/ml IFN-? stimulation for 24h were assayed by immunocytochemistry,and the activity of IDO under different dosage of IFN-? stimulation was assessed by the special kynurenine metabolizable ratio in culture medium detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results No expression of IDO mRNA or IDO was found in the epithelial cells of human proximal renal tubule under normal culture conditions.IDO mRNA expression increased significantly after IFN-? stimulation in a dose dependent manner compared with that of control group(P