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Neuroinflammation has been a key pathological process in many neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson′s disease (PD), while the microglial activation is not only involved in but also regarded as a hallmark of the neuroinflammation. With PET, it has become possible to image in vivo the changes of microglia cells under different pathophysiological conditions. In this review, the basic theory of translocator protein (TSPO)-targeting PET (TSPO-PET) imaging is well described and its intriguing applications in PD are also elaborated.
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Objective To assess the diagnostic value of mediastinal lymph node in non-small cell lung cancer using PET-CT by Meta-analysis. Methods Publications on mediastinal lymph node staging of non-small cell lung cancer by PET-CT published from January 2002 to January 2016 were filtered and assessed according to criteria from the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library database. The number of true positive, false positive, false negative and true negative were extracted, meta-analysis was performed using STATA software, and receiver operating characteristic curve was applied, then area under the curve(AUC) was calculated. At last, heterogeneous sources were discussed and subgroup analyses were performed. Results Twenty-three relevant literatures(2 959 patients) were enrolled, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity based on the patients were 0.66(0.55—0.75) and 0.84(0.79—0.89), AUC was 0.84 (0.80—0.87). The results of subgroup analysis suggested that pulmonary tuberculosis was one important factor that influenced the PET-CT diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node metastasis in NSCLC patients(P=0.01). Conclusions PET-CT has a high accuracy for the mediastinal lymph node staging in non-small cell lung cancer, and it is the recommendedexamination method in these patients. Patients who had suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis should be treated with caution.
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Purpose To compare the relationship between the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of PET/CT imaging and tumor markers in lung cancer, and to provide evidence for the comprehensive assessment of non small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods The results of PET/CT imaging, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin-19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) and neuronspecific enolase (NSE) of 179 patients with non small cell lung cancer were analyzed, subjects were then divided into different groups according to their clinical features and pathological types, the differences of SUVmax and tumor markers'' level were compared between different groups, and their correlations with tumor histological type, differentiation and the clinical stages were also analyzed.Results SUVmax of the tumor was related with lesion size,≥3 cm tumors'' SUVmax were significantly higher than that of 0.05).Conclusion SUVmax and NSE have a certain relationship with tumor differentiation in non small cell lung cancer patients, thus can be used as a reference index for prognosis of indirect prediction of lung cancer.
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Objective To describe the anatomical variants of infants’internal cerebral veins and their tributaries with MR suscep-tibility weighted imaging,and to evaluate the capability in the visualization of cerebral deep veins.Methods 80 healthy infants were enrolled in this study.All the brain images were obtained by a 3D gradient-echo sequence (Enhanced T2 ? weighted angiography-ES-WAN)on a 3.0T MR,which were reconstructed with minimal intensity projection.The septal vein,thalamostriate vein,internal cerebral vein and anterior caudate nucleus veins were evaluated.4 types (ⅠA,ⅠB,ⅡA,ⅡB)were classified based on their rela-tionship with the septal vein-internal cerebral vein junction and interventricular foramen,and 3 types (Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ)based on the drainage patterns of the anterior caudate nucleus veins.Results The septal vein,thalamostriate vein and internal cerebral vein could be clearly and continuously visualized in 100% infants,and the visualization rate of the anterior caudate nucleus veins was 88.1%. TypeⅠA and TypeⅠ were most common in the two classification patterns.Conclusion Infants’internal cerebral veins and their tributaries are able to be clearly shown with the minimal intensity projection in susceptibility weighted imaging,which is a good method to evaluate the cerebral deep veins in infants.
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Objective To evaluate the use of corrected standard uptake value(SUV)in patient with peripheral solitary pulmonary lesion and the relationship between corrected SUV and the lesion's size.Methods This retrospective study included 69 patients with peripheral solitary pulmonary lesions seen on PET and CT scans whose diagnoses were confirmed by pathology.Each lesion’s FDG uptake was quantified by using two methods:the SUV and the corrected SUV.The lesion’s size was recorded on CT.Results The diagnostic accuracy was 88.7% and 98.5% for PET/CT and combining corrected SUV with CT respectively.There was a positive correlation between SUV,corrected SUV and the size of lesions(r 1 =0.536,P <0.001;r 2 =0.637,P <0.001).Conclusion Measur-ing corrected SUV appears to improve the accuracy of FDG PET/CT for characterization of peripheral solitary pulmonary lesions . The volume of lesion may potentially affect the value of SUV.
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Background and purpose:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the digestive tract. The mutation status of c-kit and PDGFRA gene in GIST appear to be in correlation with gleveec therapy. However, the prognostic significance of c-kit and PDGFRA mutations in GIST is still controversial. We investigated the status and significance of c-kit and PDGFRA gene mutation in GIST. Methods: Mutation of c-kit (exon 9,11,13,17) and PDGFRA gene (exon 12,18) in 50 cases of GIST were examined by PCR amplification and direct sequencing. Results:Mutations of c-kit exon 11 were identified in 54% (27/50) of patients and were heterogeneous, including 16 cases of in-frame deletion,10 cases of point mutation and 1 case of the two type mutation. These mutations mostly were clustered in 550-560 "hot spots" code at the 5′ end of the exon 11.1 case with mutation was detected in 2 cases of CD117-negative GIST. There was significant relationship between mutations of c-kit exon 11 and the categories of cell type (P0.05), respectively. Conclusion:c-kit mutation was common in GIST and had relatively fixed tendency and mostly was detected in spindle-cell GIST.The presence of c-kit mutation is not a significant prognostic factor in GIST.