ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the joint contact force, ligament tensile force and force transmission mode of foot internal structure in Down’s syndrome child (DSC) during standing. Methods The finite element models of foot were constructed based on CT image data from one DSC and one typically developing child (TDC). The models were validated by plantar pressure measurement during static standing. To simulate foot force during standing, the ground reaction force and the triceps surae force were applied as the loading condition. Contact pressure of the tibiotalar, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints, tensile force of the spring and plantar calcaneocuboid ligaments, and force transmission mode in transverse tarsal joints were calculated and analyzed. Results The finite element models of foot were validated to be reliable. Compared with the TDC, the DSC showed higher contact pressure at the tibiotalar joint and lower contact pressure at the talonavicular joint. The tensile force of spring and plantar calcaneocuboid ligaments of DSC was 10 times and 58 times of TDC, respectively. The forces transmitted through both mediate and lateral columns in DSC were lower than those in TDC. Conclusions Abnormal contact pressure of the tibiotalar joint, larger tensile force of midfoot ligaments and smaller force of the transverse tarsal joint were found in DSC during standing. The abnormal alteration of stress patterns in foot internal structure of DSC should be fully considered in clinical rehabilitation, so as to provide theoretical references for screening and making intervention plans for early rehabilitation, as well as designing individualized orthopedic insoles.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the serotype and drug resistance of pathogenic bacterium in bacillary dysentery in our region, in order to provide evidence for prevention and control of bacillary dysentery. Methods 1 617 cases of stoli samples were collected from outpatients and inpatients with diarrhea. Bacterium isolation, cultivation and biochemical identification, serotyping and drug sensitive test were carried out. Results 165 strains of shigella were isolated, among which 88 strains were S. flexneri, 40 strains were S. sonnei, 21 strains were S. boydii and 16 strains were S. dysenteriae. 13 se-rotypes and subtypes were detected, serotype 2a of S. flexneri mostly. The total susceptibility rate of snigella was highest to nalidixic acid (more than 90%), followed by that to ampicillin, rifamoin, tet-racycline, trimoxazole (70. 0%-87.5%). The susceptibility rate to norfloxacin was 20. 5%-31.3%, and lower susceptibility rate (2.5%-6. 8%) was found to eefotaxime, gentamicin and eiprofloxacin. Conclusion The main serotype of bacillary dysentery was serotype 2a of S. flexneri in our region, then S. sonnei. The susceptibility of snigella to antibiotics is increasing, so drug susceptibility test should be performed periodically.