ABSTRACT
End stage Renal Disease is a rare condition in children. It is usually the result of slowly progressive irreversible kidney damage. The aim of this study is to determine the causes, outcome and describe the demographic features of all children with end stage renal disease on regular dialysis at Queen Rania Al-Abdullah two Hospital of Paediatrics. This is the referral centre for all pediatric subspecialties in Jordan. A retrospective review of all computerized data for all children with end stage renal disease who were on regular dialysis at Queen Rania Hospital during the period January 2006 to April 2011 were done. The data was reviewed regarding gender, age at the initiation of dialysis, mode of dialysis and primary disease. The outcome of these children was also followed and reviewed. Out of 98 children who were on regular dialysis at Queen Rania Hospital, 90 [92%] were on hemodialysis and eight [8%] were on peritoneal dialysis, 53 [54%] were female, 45 [46%] were male. The mean age at the initiation of dialysis was 8.2 +/- 2.3 years; the commonest cause of end stage renal disease was congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract which occurred in 34 [34.5%] children. However unknown causes were found in four cases [4%]. Thirty-nine children [39.5%] were transplanted and 25 [25.5%] children died while they were on dialysis. The most common cause of end stage renal disease at our center was congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, which is a preventable cause when detected early. The increased percentage of renal transplants observed among patients with end stage renal disease on regular dialysis at our center is promising as it offers the best choice of renal replacement therapy