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It is known that SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (SMURF1) mediates autophagy through its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, but the ubiquitinated substrates of SMURF1 need to be further explored. In this paper, the interacting proteins of SMURF1 in THP-1 cells were captured and identified by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) combined with mass spectrometry. It was found that SMURF1 could physically bind to 222 proteins in THP-1 cells, and Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) had a higher peptide binding score. SMURF1 overexpression vectors were constructed and transfected into HEK-293T cells, then Co-IP and Western blotting assays verified the interaction between exogenous SMURF1 and endogenous ADAR1. qRT-PCR and Western blotting assays were carried out after transfecting SMURF1 overexpression vectors in HEK-293T cells, which identified that overexpression of SMURF1 attenuated the protein levels of ADAR1 (P<0. 05). However, there was no significant difference in the mRNA level of ADAR1. HEK-293T cells with normal and overexpressing SMURF1 were treated with cycloheximide (CHX), respectively, and Western blotting assays showed a shortened half-life of ADAR1 after overexpression of SMURF1 (P < 0. 05). Furthermore, overexpression of SMURF1 increased the polyubiquitination level of ADAR1 as detected by Co-IP and Western blot (P<0. 05). After the proteasome inhibitor (MG132) treatment, the Western blotting assay was performed to demonstrate that the negative regulatory effect of SMURF1 on ADAR1 was weakened after the proteasome degradation pathway was attenuated (P<0. 05). This study shows that SMURF1 interacts with ADAR1, catalyzes the polyubiquitination of ADAR1 and mediates its degradation through the proteasome pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for exploring the various biological functions of SMURF1 by affecting the stability of ADAR1.
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Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of critically ill children with acute chlorine poisoning and explore the risk factors and effective strategies. Methods: This retrospective study collected the clinical data, including general state, clinical characteristics, treatment and follow-up(till 1 year and 6 months after discharge), of 6 critically ill children who were hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Beijing Children's Hospital due to acute chlorine poisoning in August 2019. Results: There were 6 children characterized by severe dyspnea in this accident, among whom 4 were boys and two girls, aged 4-12 years. When the accident occurred, they were within 5 m of the chlorine source. These patients underwent tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in 3.5-7.0 h after poisoning. The child who was the closest to the chlorine source (1.5 m) and took the longest time (5 min) to evacuate was the most severe one. He suffered hypoxia which could not be corrected by conventional mechanical ventilation and severe shock, then had veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) treatment started 10 h after the accident. All the 6 children in this study survived. Following-up found no growth and developmental abnormality. The pulmonary function tests were normal except for one case with increased small airway resistance due to previous suspected asthma, and the lung CT, electhoencephalogram, and brain magnetic resonance imaging were all normal. Conclusions: Severe chlorine poisoning is mainly characterized by respiratory failure. Mechanical ventilation is often required within a few hours after poisoning. When conventional mechanical ventilation is ineffective, ECMO could save live. Timely treatment could improve prognosis.
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Child , Female , Humans , Male , Chlorine , Critical Illness , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the effect of goal-oriented online and offline mixed teaching method on the trainees of burn operating room.Methods:From June 2019 to June 2020, 42 trainees of burn operating room in our hospital were selected for the randomized parallel trial, and they were randomly divided into two groups, routine group and research group. The routine group adopted the conventional online and offline mixed teaching method, while the research group adopted the goal-oriented online and offline mixed teaching method. The internship time of both group lasted for 1 month. Results and excellent rates, self-confidence and burn surgery skills evaluation before and after the internship, and satisfaction with the internship mode were compared between the two groups. SPSS 19.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The results and excellent and good rates of theoretical examination and practical examination in the research group were higher than those of the routine group. The scores of self-confidence, choice of operation mode, innovation and optimization of operation, control of operation complications and treatment of intraoperative emergencies in the two groups after internship were higher than those before internship, and the above scores of research group were higher than those of the routine group after internship. The satisfaction scores of the students on enhancing self-confidence, and improving operational ability, learning initiative and learning efficiency in the research group were significantly higher than those in the routine group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Goal-oriented online and offline mixed teaching method on trainees in burn operating room can not only improve the examination results, enhance their confidence and burn surgery skills, but also achieve their satisfaction.
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Aim To investigate the antiviral activity and mechanism of myricetin against enterovirus 71 (E V 7 1) infection. Methods The cytopathic effect (CPE) and plaque assay were used to observe the antiviral effect of myricetin against EV71 in Vero cell. The cells were treated with myricetin at different concentrations combined with crystal violet staining to detectthe cytotoxicity of myricetin. The effect of myricetin on VP1 protein expression was detected by Western blot. The effect of myricetin on VP1 gene expressionwas evaluated byRT-PCR. Results Myricetin pretreatment at 2. 5-20 fimol L-1' significantly inhibitedcell death induced by EV71 infection in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50 value of 5. 6 jxmol • L-1. Compared to virus control group, myricetin could significantly reduce the viral titer at the concentration of 2. 5 ~ 20 u,mol • L-1. The results of Western blot and RT-PCR showed that myricetin could markedlyreduce the gene and protein expression levels of viral capsid protein VP1. Conclusion Myricetin has significant antiEV71 activity in vitro.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the types and characteristics of TUBB1 mutation in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and thyroid dysgenesis (TD) in Shandong, China.@*METHODS@#Mutations of the whole coding region of the TUBB1 gene were analyzed for 289 children with CH and TD in Shandong. Whole-genome DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. PCR multiplication was performed for the whole coding region of the TUBB1 gene. Sanger sequencing was performed for the PCR products, and a biological information analysis was performed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 289 children with CH and TD, 4 (1.4%) were found to have a c.952C>T(p.R318W) heterozygous mutation in the TUBB1 gene, resulting in the change of tryptophan into arginine at codon 318 of TUBB1 protein. This mutation was evaluated as "potentially pathogenic" based on the classification criteria and guidelines for genetic variation by American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics.@*CONCLUSIONS@#A novel mutation is detected in the exon of the TUBB1 gene in children with CH and TD in Shandong, suggesting that the TUBB1 gene may be a candidate pathogenic gene for CH children with TD.
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Child , Humans , China , Congenital Hypothyroidism , Genetics , DNA Mutational Analysis , Mutation , Thyroid Dysgenesis , Genetics , Tubulin , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective To report the surgical nursing strategy of a patient undergoing resection of a rare giant neurofibroma.Methods Through the preoperative comprehensive assessment of patients,multidisciplinary joint consultation and proposed possible surgical risks and countermeasures,specialist to formulate surgical plans,surgical care and nursing key points,difficulties and countermeasures.Results The psychological nursing,detailed and perfect the preoperative preparation work,the personnel allocation was sufficient,the division of labor was clear,the disease changes were actively observed in the operation,the venous pathway was strictly managed,the accurate record,the risk that might occur in the active prevention operation and the treatment plan,the postoperative closely monitors the condition.Good observation and nursing in the operation area to prevent infection.Conclusions In view of difficult and complicated operation,through the comprehensive formulation of surgical nursing measures and strict execution in surgery,it is the guarantee for the smooth completion of the operation,the operation process is smooth,the successful implementation of tumor resection,the effect is satisfactory,the patient is returned to the ward,and there is no special discomfort.
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Objective To investigate the infection rate of human papillomavirus(HPV)among pregnant women, and to explore the effect of HPV infection on adverse pregnancy outcome. Methods A total of 1 679 pregnant women in hospital were collected for the research. The flow-through hybridization and genechip(HybriMax)method was used to detect the infection of HPV. Univariate analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting HPV infection in pregnant women. The binary logistic analysis was used to analyze risk factors affecting adverse pregnancy outcome. Results HPV infection rate was 31.39%(527/1 679), including 14.23%(239/1 679)of HR-HPV, 15.54%(261/1 679)of LR-HPV and 1.61%(27/1 679)of mixed of HR-HPV and LR-HPV. Univariate analysis showed that there was significant difference in initial sex age, education level and smoking history between infection group and non-infection group, with statistical difference(P<0.05). The incidence rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes in infection group(31.50%) was significant higher than that of non-infection group(9.81%), with statistical difference(P<0.01). The incidence rate of premature rupture of fetal membranes, newborn respiratory papillomatosis and other adverse pregnancy outcomes among HR-HPV group, LR-HPV group and mixed group had no significant difference (P>0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed HR-HPV infection(OR=4.194, 95% CI: 3.099-5.675), LR-HPV infection(OR=1.771, 95%CI: 1.288-2.434)and mixed type infection(OR= 3.350, 95%CI: 1.630-7.735)were the risk factors affecting adverse pregnancy outcome(P<0.01), however, age and times of gestation had no statistical significance in the binary logistic analysis(P>0.05). Conclusion HPV infection was the risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome, which indicated that screening work in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy, and persisting in early prevention, early detection and early treatment could reduce the incidence rate of adverse pregnancy outcome.
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@#Calcium hydroxide is widely used as disinfectant of root canals recently. The vehicle is a substance which is added into calcium hydroxide to form a paste. It can be classified into water soluble, viscous and oily. Different vehicles for calcium hydroxide may produce different disinfectant effects. Searching for an ideal vehicle for calcium hydroxide is a hot research topic in recent years. This article will make a review on progress in the study of calcium hydroxide in different vehicles.
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AIM:To study the effects of water decoction of Platycladus orientalis on reducing high blood glucose and lipids in diabetic and hyperlipidemia nice,respectively.METHODS:The mouse model of hyperlipidemia was established.The increasing rate of weight, hepatic index, lipid content of liver and atherosclerosis index (AI) were meas-ured.Blood levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), adiponec-tin (ADP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected.According to these indexes, the function of water decoction of Platy-cladus orientalis for reducing high blood lipids caused by hyperlipidemia was evaluated .At the same time, the model of dia-betes mellitus was established .The levels of fasting plasma glucose , fasting plasma insulin and blood tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) were measured .The glucose tolerance test was performed .The insulin resistance index was calculated .The function of water decoction of Platycladus orientalis to reduce high blood glucose caused by diabetes was observed by these above indexes .RESULTS:Water decoction of Platycladus orientalis lowered the increasing rate of weight , hepatic index and lipid content of liver , reduced the blood content of TC , TG and IL-6, and elevated the blood HDL-C and ADP content caused by high-fat diet apparently (P<0.05).The effect of water decoction of Platycladus orientalis at high dose was more effective than that at low dose .Water decoction of Platycladus orientalis obviously alleviated the abnormity of glucose tole-rance test, reduced blood TNF-αand insulin levels, and decreased insulin resistance index caused by diabetes apparently (P<0.05).The effect of the drug at high dose was stronger than that at low dose .CONCLUSION:The water decoction of Platycladus orientalis dose-dependently reduces blood glucose caused by diabetes and blood lipids caused by hyperlipi -demia in the mice.The mechanism to reduce blood lipids may be related with elevating blood ADP content and reducing blood IL-6 content, and the mechanism to reduce blood glucose may be related with lowering blood TNF-αcontent.
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AIM:To study the effects of water decoction of Platycladus orientalis on reducing high blood glucose and lipids in diabetic and hyperlipidemia nice,respectively.METHODS:The mouse model of hyperlipidemia was established.The increasing rate of weight, hepatic index, lipid content of liver and atherosclerosis index (AI) were meas-ured.Blood levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), adiponec-tin (ADP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected.According to these indexes, the function of water decoction of Platy-cladus orientalis for reducing high blood lipids caused by hyperlipidemia was evaluated .At the same time, the model of dia-betes mellitus was established .The levels of fasting plasma glucose , fasting plasma insulin and blood tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) were measured .The glucose tolerance test was performed .The insulin resistance index was calculated .The function of water decoction of Platycladus orientalis to reduce high blood glucose caused by diabetes was observed by these above indexes .RESULTS:Water decoction of Platycladus orientalis lowered the increasing rate of weight , hepatic index and lipid content of liver , reduced the blood content of TC , TG and IL-6, and elevated the blood HDL-C and ADP content caused by high-fat diet apparently (P<0.05).The effect of water decoction of Platycladus orientalis at high dose was more effective than that at low dose .Water decoction of Platycladus orientalis obviously alleviated the abnormity of glucose tole-rance test, reduced blood TNF-αand insulin levels, and decreased insulin resistance index caused by diabetes apparently (P<0.05).The effect of the drug at high dose was stronger than that at low dose .CONCLUSION:The water decoction of Platycladus orientalis dose-dependently reduces blood glucose caused by diabetes and blood lipids caused by hyperlipi -demia in the mice.The mechanism to reduce blood lipids may be related with elevating blood ADP content and reducing blood IL-6 content, and the mechanism to reduce blood glucose may be related with lowering blood TNF-αcontent.
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Objective To identify and investigate B(A)02 allele in a patient. Methods Serological tests were performed with standard serological methods in a patient with B(A)02 allele. DNA sequences of all seven exons and exon-intron boundaries of ABO gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), direct DNA sequencing and sequencing after gene cloning. In order to analyze the allele, PyMOL software was used to establish 3D model of Glycosyltransferases B (GTB). Results The serological results showed the characteristics of B(A) phenotype. DNA analysis revealed that ABO gene of the individual was heterozygous of B(A)02/O01 allele. 700C>G mutation was identified in B101 allele, which resulted in the amino acid substitution P234A in GTB. Through the analysis of the 3D structure of GTB, it was speculated that the P234A replacement affected the intermolecular forces of the 234 amino acid and Met-266, thus changed the conformation of the donor-binding pocket of GTB,that made GTB capable of recognizing and tranferring the GalNac to the H antigen, which can lead to the formation of the weak A antigen on membrane of red blood cells. Conclusion The P234A replacement can affect the spatial conformation of the specific recognition region conformed by Met-266 and Ala-268 residues, which leads to the antigenicity change of the ABO blood group.
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Objective To discuss the effect of two different warming methods on the circulation of free flaps during operation and seek for an optimal warming method which is benificial for the circulation of free flaps, and thus provide clinical evidences for intraoperative care. Methods A total of 96 patients undergoing free flap transplantation were divided into routine warming group and diversification warming group randomly (n=48 each). In routine warming group, temperature in the operating room was set at routine temperature and flaps were douched by routine heated saline. In diversification warming group, the temperature in the operation room, fluids used for washing wounds and flaps were warmed, fluids for intravenous application were pre-warmed by a fluid warmer, in addition, the operation table where patients were lying on was covered with warmer blanket. The influence of two different warming methods on the circulation of free flaps was observed. Results The scores of flap elasticity and capillary refill time in routine warming group were 2.02 ± 0.79 and 2.04 ± 0.81, respectively, vs. 2.50 ± 0.61 and 2.48 ± 0.6 in diversification warming group, showing diversification warming group was statistically better than routine warming group (Z=1.949, 3.872, P<0.05). In addition, the flap survival rate in routine warming group was 81.2%(39/48) vs. 95.8%(46/48) in diversification warming group, showing significantly better results in diversification warming group (χ2=4.02, P < 0.05). Conclusions The diversification warm keeping method can effectively promote the circulation and survival of flaps, improve clinical prognosis, accelerate postoperative rehabilitation, therefore is worthy of being recommanded its clinical application.
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Objective To establish a 3D finite element model of an anti-shearing force Ni-Ti memory shape alloy patella claw for fixing patellar fracture, and analyze its mechanical performance. Methods The internal fixation model of transverse patellar fracture by patella claw was established by Pro/E 5.0, and then imported it into ABAQUS 10.1 for finite element analysis on its mechanical properties. The mechanical performance and deformation of the patella claw under two different patella femoral joint forces FQ at the knee flexion angle of 30°, 60°, 90° were analyzed, respectively. Results Under the same boundary condition, with the respective FQ as 367.5 N and 3 675 N, the maximum displacements of deformation were different at different flexion angles. As compared to fixation by tension band, using patella claw was preferable, with stronger resistance to tension and more stable anti-shearing force. Conclusions Deformation and displacement of the patella claw are in accordance with the biomechanical results needed in clinic, and its stability can satisfy clinical requirements for functional exercise as early as possible.
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To identify the risk factors for posterior right recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node metastasis [PRRLN-LNM] in papillary thyroid carcinoma [PTC]. We conducted a retrospective study of 389 patients with primary PTC who underwent right lobectomy or total thyroidectomy, and comprehensive right or bilateral central compartment dissection [CCD] with or without lateral neck dissection [LND] between January 2010 and May 2013 at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Micro-Invasive Surgery of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China. The clinicopathological findings were investigated, and relative risk factors for PRRLN-LNM were analyzed. Central compartment LNM were present in 50.9% [198/389], and PRRLN-LNM were present in 12.6% [49/389] of patients, wherein 3.1% [12/389] had PRRLN-LNM only. A multivariate analysis revealed that younger age [
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Risk Factors , Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve/pathology , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphatic MetastasisABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between genetic variantions of circadian clock genes and risk of breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study including 406 breast cancer patients and 412 controls was conducted and genes Clock (rs2070062) and Per2 (rs2304672, rs2304669, rs934945) were genotyped by TaqMan real-time PCR. Unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the genetic polymorphisms and breast cancer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Individuals with the rs2304669-TT genotype showed significantly increased breast cancer risk with the OR of 2.33 when compared with the individuals with rs2304669-CC and CT genotypes (P = 0.001). In addition, the three haplotypes containing the risk T allele of rs2304669 were identified to be associated with increased breast cancer risk. However, it was found that rs2304672, rs2070062 and rs934945 polymorphisms were not related with breast cancer risk.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The locus rs2304669 on Per2 gene is associated with breast cancer risk. Genetic variation of circadian clock genes may increase the susceptibility to breast cancer. Therefore, it may become an important biomarker of susceptibility to breast cancer.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Biomarkers, Tumor , Genetics , Breast Neoplasms , Genetics , CLOCK Proteins , Genetics , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast , Genetics , Case-Control Studies , Genetic Variation , Period Circadian Proteins , Genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Triple-negative [estrogen receptor (ER)-/progesterone receptor (PR)-/HER2-] breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for ∼ 15% of overall breast cancer and associated with a poor prognosis. There is a short of standard adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for TNBC. A number of studies have shown that TNBC might be sensitive to cisplatin and carboplatin on the basis that dysfunction of BRCA1 and its pathway is associated with a specific DNA-repair defect, but data of adjuvant setting about this is limited.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2010 to September 2011, 95 early triple-negative breast cancer patients confirmed by pathology were randomly assigned to receive TP (docetaxel 75 mg/m², carboplatin AUC = 5, day 1, 21 days a cycle for 6 cycles) or EC-T (epirubicin 90 mg/m², cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m², d1, 21 days a cycle for 4 cycles, followed by docetaxel 80 mg/m², d1, 21 days a cycle for 4 cycles) chemotherapy. Adjuvant radiation therapy was given selectively after chemotherapy. Here we report a preliminary safety analysis with the chi-square test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventy-six out of the 95 patients had completed the chemotherapy and could be assessed for the safety profiles of the regimens. Thirty-seven of them were in the EC-T group with a median age of 47 years, and 21 out of these 37 patients were premenopausal (56.8%). Another 39 patients came from the TP group with a median age of 46 years, and 22 out of these 39 patients were premenopausal (56.4%). All of the 37 patients in EC-T group completed the planned treatment whereas 2 patients of the 39 cases in TP group did not because of bone marrow suppression. During the treatments, 9 patients had dose adjustment in each group. Adverse events of grade 1/2 were common. Specific incidence of adverse events with grade 3/4 in each group was as follows: alopecia, 29.7% vs. 10.3% (P = 0.033), vomiting 21.6% vs. 7.7% (P = 0.085), leukopenia 54.1% vs.25.6% (P = 0.011) and neutropenia 51.4% vs. 35.9% (P = 0.174). Other grade 3/4 toxicities were rare. All the adverse events (except peripheral neuropathy and pigmentation) recovered within 1 month after the chemotherapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both EC-T and TP regimens as adjuvant chemotherapy are safe and tolerable for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer patients, while the TP regimen has advantages with less grade III/IV alopecia and leukopenia.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Alopecia , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Therapeutic Uses , Breast Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Pathology , Radiotherapy , General Surgery , Carboplatin , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Pathology , Radiotherapy , General Surgery , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Cyclophosphamide , Epirubicin , Leukopenia , Neoplasm Staging , Neutropenia , Premenopause , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant , Receptor, ErbB-2 , Metabolism , Receptors, Estrogen , Metabolism , Receptors, Progesterone , Metabolism , Taxoids , VomitingABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical significance of HBV large protein (HBV-LP) in diagnosing viral replication, we detected the HBV-LP, HBV DNA and the hepatitis B viral markers (HBV M) in the serum of the patients infected with HBV.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HBV-LP and HBV M were analyzed by using ELISA. HBV-DNA was quantitatively detected using real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) No significant difference between the detectable rate of HBV DNA and HBV-LP was found in the same HBV M (P 0.05). (2) No significant difference between the positive rate of HBV DNA and HBV-LP was found in HBeAg negative patients. (3) The contents of serum HBV-LP was positively correlated with the number of HBV DNA copies.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was a close correlation between the positive rate of HBV-LP and HBV DNA, and HBV-LP is a reliable serological marker that can reflect the replication of HBV.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , DNA, Viral , Blood , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Blood , Hepatitis B e Antigens , Blood , Hepatitis B virus , Physiology , Virus ReplicationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test anti-Sp17 antibodies in the serum of AsAb positive infertile patients, to investigate the proportion of anti-Spl7 antibodies in AsAb and their potential application to the serologic diagnosis of immune infertility and immunocontraception.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With human recombinant Sp17 as the antigen, the ELISA method was used to detect the positive rate, antibody titre and content of anti-Sp17 antibodies in the AsAb positive serum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of anti-Sp17 antibodies in the AsAb positive serum was 56.5%, with no significant difference in the gender aspect. The percentage of anti-Sp17 antibodies in AsAb was (10.09 +/-7.45) %, with statistical significance (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sp17 is an important sperm antigen. Anti-Sp17 antibodies in the serum can be taken as auxiliary diagnostic index of infertility, and Sp17 is shown to be a potential candidate immunocontraception vaccine.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Antigens, Surface , Allergy and Immunology , Autoantibodies , Blood , Carrier Proteins , Allergy and Immunology , Contraception, Immunologic , Infertility, Male , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Spermatozoa , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role and significance of FHIT genes depletion, p53 overexpression and HPV16/18 infection in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma (CC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tumor samples taken from 52 cases of CIN and 69 cases of CC were processed by immunohistochemistry (SP) to determine the expression of FHIT genes and p53 protein, by in situ hybridization to detect HPV16/18 infection, and were compared with those in 18 cases of normal cervical tissues as control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The FHIT expression was positive in normal cervical tissue with no depletion occurred, and was 30.8% in CIN. It was significantly higher in CIN III and carcinoma groups than that in normal and CIN I/II groups (P < 0.01). The depleted expression of FHIT in infiltrating cervical carcinoma group was 66.7% (46/69), significantly higher than that in normal and CIN groups (P < 0.01). Along with the decreasing of cell differentiation, the negative rate of FHIT raised. (2) The positive expression of p53 in CC group was 56.5% (39/69) and the HPV16/18 was 84.1% (58/69), both higher than that in CIN and normal groups (P < 0.05). (3) In CIN and CC groups, the positive rate of p53 in cases with positive or negative FHIT expression was similar (P > 0.05). (4) There is a negative correlation between FHIT and p53 expression. The rate of HPV16/18 infection in the depleted expression of FHIT group was significantly higher than that in FIHT normal expression group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) The FHIT-depletion is related with cervical carcinogenesis. It may be used as a marker to serve mass screening of CIN-high risk subjects and diagnostic indicator for early cervical carcinoma. (2) Depleted expression of FHIT is frequently associated with p53 over-expression in CIN and CC subjects, but there is no direct correlation between them. (3) HPV16/18 infection may probably be the common cause leading to altered FHIT and p53 expression.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Acid Anhydride Hydrolases , Metabolism , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Metabolism , Virology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Metabolism , Virology , Human papillomavirus 16 , Genetics , Human papillomavirus 18 , Genetics , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Hybridization , Neoplasm Proteins , Metabolism , Papillomavirus Infections , Metabolism , Virology , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 , Metabolism , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Metabolism , VirologyABSTRACT
The natural ventilation widely used in greenhouses has advantages of saving energy and reducing expense. In order to provide information for climate control of greenhouse, a model was developed to predict the variation of air temperature in the naturally ventilated greenhouse equipped with insect-proof screen. Roof ventilation and combined roof and sidewall ventilation were considered in the model. This model was validated against the results of experiments conducted in the greenhouse when the wind was parallel to the gutters. The model parameters were determined by the least squares method. In the used model, effects of wind speed and window opening height on the air temperature variation were analyzed. Comparison between two types of ventilation showed that there existed a necessary ventilation rate which results in air temperature decrease in natural ventilation under special climatic conditions. In our experiments when wind speed was less than 3.2 ms(-1), wind had a more gradual effect on greenhouse temperature for roof ventilation, compared with combined roof and sidewall ventilation, which had greater air temperature decrease than roof ventilation only.