Validation and Evaluation of Diagnostic Efficiency of Genes Associated with Colorectal Cancer with Hyperglycemia / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To verify the expressions of genes associated with colorectal cancer with hyperglycemia and evaluate their diagnostic values.Methods Tumor tissues,distal normal intestinal mucosa,and peripheral blood samples were harvested from 109 colorectal cancer patients and peripheral blood samples from 30 diabetes patients and 30 healthy volunteers. The mRNA expressions of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78),NADPH oxidase-1 (NOX1),carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5),heat shock protein 60 (HSP60),and histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1) were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between the gene expressions and clinicopathological parameters in colorectal cancer patients were analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis. Diagnostic test accuracy evaluation was used to calculate the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,predictability,Youden index,and likelihood ratio of serum gene expressions in colorectal cancer patients,and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn. The area under the ROC curve was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the combined detection of multiple genes.Results The mRNA levels of GRP78 (P=0.001),NOX1 (P=0.022),CEACAM5 (P=0.000),HSP60 (P=0.044),and HDAC1 (P=0.047) were positively correlated with the fasting blood glucose level. The mRNA expressions of NOX1 (P=0.000,P=0.008) and HDAC1 (P=0.000,P=0.037) in tissues and serum were significantly higher in colorectal cancer patients than in patients with normal blood glucose levels. The NOX1 mRNA expression was positively correlated with the diameter of colorectal cancer (P=0.013),and the HDAC1 mRNA expression was significantly correlated with the tumor site (P=0.049),depth of primary tumor invasion (P=0.025),and TNM stage (P=0.042). The areas under the ROC curves of NOX1,CEACAM5,and HDAC1 were 0.931,0.852,and 0.860 respectively (all P=0.000). The specificity,accuracy,and negative predictive value of NOX1,HDAC1 mRNA expression in colorectal cancer patients with hyperglycemia were all above 90%. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection of NOX1,CEACAM5,and HDAC1 were 98.82% and 99.93%,respectively.Conclusion Combined detection of genes associated with colorectal cancer accompanied by hyperglycemia can improve the diagnostic efficiency of early screening.

Chemical constituents from Dioscorea opposite / 中草药

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Dioscorea opposita. Methods The constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectra comparison with reference data. Results Fourteen compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extract of D. opposite. All of them included eight diarylheptanoids (1-8) and six nitrogen compounds (9-14). They were elucidated by spectroscopic data as 5-ethoxy-1,7-diphenylheptan-3-one (1), 5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-heptan-3-one (2), 1,7-diphenyl-4-hepten-3-one (3), 1,7-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-hepten-3-one (4), hannokinol (5), 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-heptanediol (6), 1,7-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,5-heptanediol (7), 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxyheptane (8), trans-N- coumaroyltyramine (9), trans-N-feruloyltyramine (10), cis-N-coumaroyltyramine (11), trans-N-cinnamoyltyramine (12), pyrrolezanthine-6-ethyl ether (13), divaricataester A (14). Conclusion Compounds 1 is a new natural product, named as dioscoheptone A. Compounds 3, 4, 10, 12, 13, and 14 are isolated from the family of dioscoreaceae for the first time. Compounds 2, 6, and 8 are isolated from D. opposita for the first time.

Inhibition of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cell Migration by Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1-small Hairpin RNA Through Inhibiting Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition, Extracellular Matrix Degradation, and Src Phosphorylation In Vitro / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Protein arginine methyltransferases 1 (PRMT1) is over-expressed in a variety of cancers, including lung cancer, and is correlated with a poor prognosis of tumor development. This study aimed to investigate the role of PRMT1 in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) migration in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, PRMT1 expression in the NSCLC cell line A549 was silenced using lentiviral vector-mediated short hairpin RNAs. Cell migration was measured using both scratch wound healing and transwell cell migration assays. The mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, 2 (TIMP1, 2) were measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of protein markers for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (E-cadherin, N-cadherin), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src, AKT, and their corresponding phosphorylated states were detected by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cell migration was significantly inhibited in the PRMT1 silenced group compared to the control group. The mRNA expression of MMP-2 decreased while TIMP1 and TIMP2 increased significantly. E-cadherin mRNA expression also increased while N-cadherin decreased. Only phosphorylated Src levels decreased in the silenced group while FAK or AKT remained unchanged.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PRMT1-small hairpin RNA inhibits the migration abilities of NSCLC A549 cells by inhibiting EMT, extracellular matrix degradation, and Src phosphorylation in vitro.</p>

Dual regulation effect of somatostatin on immunity in patients with severe sepsis caused by abdominal diseases / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to investigate the effect of somatostatin on inflammatory immune disorders and prognosis in patients with severe sepsis caused by abdominal diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>fifty-three patients with severe abdominal sepsis (age > 18 years, APACHE-II score > 15) from June 2005 to June 2009 were randomly divided into Somatostatin group (n = 23) and SSC Group (n = 30). Fifteen healthy volunteers of the same age range were chosen as Control group. The SSC group was treated with classical SSC therapy, and the Somatostatin Group was treated with the same regime plus 14-peptide somatostatin continuous infusion at the dose of 6 mg/24 h for 7 days. The serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by using ELISA. CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cell subsets were determined by fluorescence activated cell sorter(FACS) and CD(4)(+)/CD(8)(+) was calculated. APACHE-II score was observed on admission (d1) and day 3, 7 and 14 after treatment. Morality rates in 28 days in two groups were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>compared with Control group, IL-10 and TNF-α levels were significantly elevated in patients with severe abdominal sepsis (P < 0.05), while CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cell and CD(4)(+)/CD(8)(+) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the Somatostatin group CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cell and CD(4)(+)/CD(8)(+) on d7 and d14 in SSC Group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while IL-10 and TNF-α decreased significantly(P < 0.05). APACHE-II scores on d3, d7, d14 of Somatostatin group were significantly lower than those of SSC group, and 28 d mortality rate also declined.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>in patients with severe abdominal sepsis, systemic inflammatory response and immune suppression exist simultaneously. Somatostatin has a dual immunomodulatory activity in these patients.</p>