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@#AIM: To observe the epidemiological characteristics of myopia among primary school students in Xindu District of Chengdu before and after COVID-19 home isolation period(from Jan.-May 2020).<p>METHODS:Cross-sectional study. A total of 10 153 primary school students from grade 1-6(age 6-13, three classes per grade)were selected from four primary schools in Xindu District of Chengdu for three consecutive years(2018-2020), by using a random stratified cluster sampling method. All students' visual acuity and spherical equivalent refraction(SE)were measured, a further cycloplegia optometry was conducted for those whose visual acuity was less than 5.0. The SE was recorded and the prevalence of myopia was calculated. Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of prevalence of myopia between different years. One-way Anova was used to compare the difference of SE among different years.<p>RESULTS: There was statistical difference in prevalence of myopia between the three years(2018: 35.98%, 2019: 36.29%, 2020: 42.52%; χ<sup>2</sup>=39.374, <i>P</i><0.001). The prevalence of myopia among 6-9 years old students increased significantly in 2020(<i>P</i><0.01). They were 2.20 times(6 years old), 2.08 times(7 years old), 1.36 times(8 years old)and 1.24 times(9 years old)of the previous year. Students aged 6-9 years showed an obvious myopic shift in SE in 2020(<i>P</i><0.05). The increases were -0.34±0.76D(6 years old), -0.28±0.84D(7 years old), -0.29±1.41D(8 years old)and -0.18±1.35D(9 years old)than the previous year. The prevalence of myopia and SE remained stable among 10-13 years old students in 2018-2020(<i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: After the COVID-19 home isolation period, there was a significant myopic shift among students aged 6-9 years old. We should pay more attention to the window period for myopia prevention and control of 6-9 years old.
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AIM:To discuss the efficacy and safety of orthokeratology with reducing back optic zone diameter(5mm-BOZD)compared with conventional back optic zone diameter(6mm-BOZD)in the treatment of adolescent myopia.METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed. There were 100 cases with 100 eyes of adolescent myopia(all right eye data were taken)selected from April 2016 to January 2019, the spherical degree was -1.00--5.00D. Then they were randomly divided into the two groups. The experimental group wore 5mm-BOZD orthokeratology, and the control group wore 6mm-BOZD orthokeratology. Their axis length(AL), spherical equivalent(SE), relative peripheral refraction(RPR), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), uncorrected near visual acuity(NVA), Efron grading was applied to record the anterior segment of the eyes, corneal hysteresis(CH), corneal resistance factor(CRF), corneal-compensated intraocular pressure(IOPcc), average noninvasive Keratograph tear breakup time(NIKBUTav)and higher order aberration(RMSh) were compared between the two groups during the 1a treatment period.RESULTS: After 1a of treatment, the AL in experimental group increased 0.05±0.05mm,while it increased 0.15±0.05mm(t=-8.949, P<0.001)in control group. The SE in experimental group increased -0.18±0.27D,while it increased-0.42±0.35D(t=3.609, P=0.001)in control group. There were statistical differences in RPR changes at N30°, N20° and T30°sites between the two groups(P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in BCVA,NVA,Efron grade,CH,CRF,IOPcc,NIKBUTav and RMSh between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Reducing back optic zone diameter orthokeratology can correct adolescent myopia safely and more effectively during the observation period.
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@#AIM: To observe the changes of relative peripheral refraction(RPR)after wearing orthokeratology(OK)lens, and to explore the relationship between the changes of RPR and the axial length(AL).<p>METHODS: Totally 104 cases of adolescent myopia(-1.00D to -6.00D)were selected from May 2016 to Nov. 2018. Then they were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group wore OK lens, and the control group wore frame glasses. Their AL, RPR(N30°-T30°)were observed for 1a.<p>RESULTS:The RPR of the experimental group showed myopic drift at each time point after wearing OK lens(<i>P</i><0.05), and the change was most obvious in 1mo(<i>P</i><0.05). After 1mo, the RPR basically tended to be stable(<i>P</i>>0.05). The RPR of the control group showed an increase in hyperopia. One year later, there were statistical differences in the changes of AL and RPR between the two groups(<i>P</i><0.001). There was a positive correlation between the changes of AL and RPR in the experimental group(<i>P</i><0.001).<p>CONCLUSION: After wearing OK lens, the AL growth slowed down, while the RPR showed myopic drift and it was most obvious in 1mo. There was a correlation between the changes of AL and RPR.
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@#AIM: To observe the efficacy and safety of low-dose atropine eye drops combined with orthokeratology in the treatment of low and moderate myopia in adolescents.<p>METHODS: Totally 126 cases of low and moderate myopia in adolescents(all right eye data, 126 eyes)who all wore orthokeratology lens for 1mo were selected from May 2016 to Aug 2018. Then they were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group(63 eyes)was combined with low-dose(0.01%)atropine eye drops once a night, and the control group(63 eyes)was combined with polyethyleneglycol eye drops once a night. Their AL,SE, BCNVA,PD,AMP,BUT and IOP were observed. <p>RESULTS: After 1y of treatment, the AL in the low myopia experimental group increased(0.13±0.03mm), while the low myopia control group increased(0.22±0.05mm). The AL in the moderate myopia experimental group increased(0.12±0.03mm),while the moderate myopia control group increased(0.20±0.05mm). The SE in the low myopia experimental group increased(0.16±0.07D), while the low myopia control group increased(0.21±0.08D). The SE in the moderate myopia experimental group increased(0.16±0.05D), while the moderate myopia control group increased(0.20±0.09D). There was statistical difference in AL and SE between the two groups(<i>P</i><0.05). After 1a of treatment, there was no statistical difference in BCNVA(LogMAR), BUT and IOP between the experimental group and the control group(<i>P</i>>0.05). But the pupil diameter of the experimental group was significantly larger than that of the control group. The accommodation amplitude of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: 0.01% atropine eye drops combined with orthokeratology can control the progression of myopia in adolescents more effectively, which is safe and effective.
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@#AIM: To observe the efficacy and safety of low-dose atropine eye drops combined with orthokeratology in the treatment of low and moderate myopia in adolescents.<p>METHODS: Totally 126 cases of low and moderate myopia in adolescents(all right eye data, 126 eyes)who all wore orthokeratology lens for 1mo were selected from May 2016 to Aug 2018. Then they were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group(63 eyes)was combined with low-dose(0.01%)atropine eye drops once a night, and the control group(63 eyes)was combined with polyethyleneglycol eye drops once a night. Their AL,SE, BCNVA,PD,AMP,BUT and IOP were observed. <p>RESULTS: After 1y of treatment, the AL in the low myopia experimental group increased(0.13±0.03mm), while the low myopia control group increased(0.22±0.05mm). The AL in the moderate myopia experimental group increased(0.12±0.03mm),while the moderate myopia control group increased(0.20±0.05mm). The SE in the low myopia experimental group increased(0.16±0.07D), while the low myopia control group increased(0.21±0.08D). The SE in the moderate myopia experimental group increased(0.16±0.05D), while the moderate myopia control group increased(0.20±0.09D). There was statistical difference in AL and SE between the two groups(<i>P</i><0.05). After 1a of treatment, there was no statistical difference in BCNVA(LogMAR), BUT and IOP between the experimental group and the control group(<i>P</i>>0.05). But the pupil diameter of the experimental group was significantly larger than that of the control group. The accommodation amplitude of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: 0.01% atropine eye drops combined with orthokeratology can control the progression of myopia in adolescents more effectively, which is safe and effective.
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@#AIM: To observe the adolescents with different degrees of myopia who wore orthokeratology lens for 1a were visited and discuss the influence and safety of orthokeratology for curing the adolescent myopia.<p>METHODS: Totally 158 cases of adolescent myopia(-1.00D to -8.00D)who all wore the same brand orthokeratology lens were selected from September 2016 to December 2017. Their visual quality, including aberration detection, subjective discomfort and visual quality questionnaire was observed for 1a. <p>RESULTS: After wearing orthokeratology, the patients' total RMS decreased, while the RMSh, the RMS3(including coma)and the RMS4(including spherical aberration)increased. The higher of baseline degree, the higher incidence of subjective visual discomfort, and the difference between pre-wearing and after was not statistically significant in subjective visual quality score(<i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: The patients' objective visual quality decreased after wearing orthokeratology lens. However, the long-term observation revealed that the overall visual quality had no significant impact on lifelihood and learning, which indicates orthokeratology is a safe and effective mean of myopia curing.