ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic partial renal segmental artery occlusion and renal artery trunk interruption for partial nephrectomy. Methods We reviewed medical records of 65 patients with stage T1 renal tumor from October 2013 to February 2017. Among them, 29 cases underwent partial nephrectomy with high selective segmental renal artery occlusion, and 36 cases underwent partial nephrectomy with renal artery trunk occlusion. Then compare the preoperative and postoperative creatinine changes, intraoperative blood loss, warm ischemia time, operation time, hospitalization time and positive margins of the two methods. Results In all the patients, the procedures were done without conversion to open surgeries. The operation time of the renal artery branch block group is shorter than that of the main renal artery block, but the preoperative and postoperative creatinine changes are smaller than those of the main renal artery occlusion group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss, warm ischemia time and positive margins (P > 0.05); There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, body mass index (BMI) and R.E.N.A.L score of renal tumor (P > 0.05). Conclusion For the stage T1 renal tumor, the selective renal artery branch interruption technique has a longer operation time, but the renal tissue has a small ischemic zone and has little effect on the kidney.
ABSTRACT
The concentrations of 16 phthalates in 164 commercial Chinese rice wines (CRW) were detected by GC-MS, and consumption data on CRW in different packaging types was investigated from 634 adult males in Shanghai using a food frequency questionnaire. Based on the principles of probabilistic modelling and cumulative risk assessment, the exposure and health risk of phthalates from CRW to adult males in Shanghai was evaluated. DMP, DEP, DIBP, DnBP, BBP, and DEHP were detected in the samples, the range of detection frequency of individual phthalates varied from 6.10% for BBP to 15.24% for DIBP, and the detected concentrations were 51.06-200.34 ng/mL. All the respondents consumed CRW, 90.69% of them consumed CRW 0.01-49.9 mL/d, the minimum value of the average daily intake of CRW was 6.25 mL/d, the median was 13.72 mL/d and the maximum was 300 mL/d. The median exposure level of the 6 detected Phthalates to adult males in Shanghai were 6.58-7.10 ng/(d•kg), and the maximum exposure level were 137.38-540.47 ng/(d•kg). The cumulative exposure health risk index (HI) based on the median and maximum exposure level of the 6 Phthalates (DMP, DEP, DIBP, DnBP, BBP, and DEHP) were 0.001147 and 0.063396, both were far less than 1. In conclusion, CRW were generally consumed by the adult males in Shanghai, although multiple phthalates were detected in commercial CRW, health risk of such exposure levels from commercial CRW to the target adult males in Shanghai was very low.