ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the sexual behavior types, condom use and influencing factors of gonorrhea patients in Yunnan Province, and to provide evidence for the adjustment of sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention and control strategy. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate gonorrhea patients in 14 STD clinics in 7 more prevalent prefectures (cities) of Yunnan Province. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the socio-demographic and sexual characteristics of the patients in a one-to-one way. Multiple Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of sexual behavior. Results A total of 179 cases of gonorrhea were investigated. The average age was (29.01±8.93) years old. 95.53% (171/179) patients were 40 years old and 88.27% were male patients (158/179). Unmarried patients accounted for 55.31% (99/179). Service and self-employed patients accounted for 34.64% (62/179) and 23.46% (42/179) respectively. The rate of sexual intercourse with opposite sex was 98.32% (176/179), the rate of men who have sex with men was 1.68% (3/179) and the rate of having more than two sexual partners was 27.93% (50/179). The rate of sexual intercourse between temporary partners, spouses/fixed partners and commercial partners were 53.07% (95/179), 37.99% (68/179) and 8.94% (16/179) respectively. Recent sexual activity had lower condom use rate, 17.89% (17/95), 19.12% (13/68) and 18.75% (3/16) respectively. The main ways for gonorrhea patients to make temporary partners were friend introductions or gatherings, accounting for 66.32% (63/95). Condom use in male patients was worse than that in female patients (OR=0.234, 95% CI: 0.084-0.656, P=0.006). Conclusions The patients with gonorrhea were mainly unmarried young adults. The main risk behaviors were unprotected behaviors between heterosexual temporary and spouse/fixed sexual partners. The condom use consciousness was generally low. The promotion of safe sex education for young adults should be further strengthened, with special attention to the use of condoms for temporary sexual behavior and spouse/fixed sexual intercourse.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the geographical distribution and risk factors of HIV-1 subtypes in Yunnan province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples from 1319 HIV positives were collected in Yunnan Province from 2001 to 2006. The nested polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the gag (p24)-protease fragments from RNA extracted from plasma or sera. The sequences were used for subtype determination by phylogenetic tree analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 1319 samples studied, the subtypes has been successfully obtained from 644 samples that were constituted of seven subtypes: CRF08_BC, CRF07_BC, CRF07/08_BC, CRF01_AE, C, B' and URFB/C. C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC were distributed in the whole province, but CRF01_AE were mainly distributed in the boarding areas with Myanmar such as Dehong, Baoshan, Xishuangbanna and Puer. Moreover, injecting drugs users accounted for 61.6% (270/438) among C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC infections, while only 8.5% (15/177) among CRF01_AE infections.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our data indicated that at least seven subtypes were identified in Yunnan province, the relationship between subtypes and transmission routes were analyzed, and the geographic difference of subtypes was also observed.</p>