ABSTRACT
Alopecia areata is a kind of non-scarring hair loss that often occurs in young adults. Alopecia areata often occurs in hairy parts of the body, with normal local skin and no self-conscious symptoms, and is a kind of temporary hair loss. The onset of alopecia areata is usually sudden and unconscious. Therefore, it is also called "ghost shaved head" in Chinese folks. Most ordinary alopecia areata patients can self-heal, but in a few cases alopecia areata will recur and it is difficult to treat. As for the causes of alopecia areata, genetic factors, mental and neurological factors, trace elements, autoimmune factors, etc. can all cause alopecia areata. Alopecia areata looks like a local lesion of the hair, but actually it involves the nervous system, immune system, circulatory system, etc. The etiology of alopecia areata is quite complicated. The possible specific mechanism of alopecia areata is as follows: the hair follicle tissue has ischemia, hypoxia, or immune damage, and then the hair root loses its physiological growth function, and finally the hair falls off. This review paper aims to classify and explain the pathogenesis of alopecia areata in detail, and provide sufficient theoretical basis for clinical treatment of alopecia areata.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the correlation of total IgE and childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) in maternal serum and newborn cord blood, as well as its clinical significance of allergen testing. Methods Thirty-five cases diagnosed as AD (AD group) were selected, and other 35 children who were not diagnosed as AD (control group) were randomly selected from a birth cohort established in 2009—2011. The total IgE levels were detected by ELISA in maternal serum and newborn cord blood. The serum specific IgE antibody level was detected by quantitative immunoblotting method. Results The serum total IgE level was significantly higher in mother and newborn cord blood in AD group than that in control group (χ2=16.568 and 14.933, P<0.01). Compared to control group, there was a significantly higher positive rate of mother serum allergen includ?ing dust mites, house dust, ragweed pollen, song kind of pollen, poplar, surname and elm pollen, mould, shrimp, marine fish, in AD group (P<0.05). There was a significantly higher positive rate of artemisia pollen and fungi IgE in newborn cord blood in AD group (P<0.05). Conclusion The increased total IgE in maternal serum may play a predictive effect on infants suf?fering from AD. There is no obvious consistency in allergic state between mothers and infants.