ABSTRACT
Purpose To investigate the diagnostic criteria and prognostic significance of squamous cell components in pa-pillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods Twenty-three cases of PTC containing squamous cell components were collect-ed,and pathological sections were reviewed.p40,CK5/6,Ki-67,BRAF V600E,p53,PD-L1(22C3),PAX8,and CD10,markers related to diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment,were de-tected by immunohistochemistry.Histological characteristics and immunophenotype of squamous cell components were comprehen-sively evaluated.The squamous cell components were classified histologically.The relationship between squamous cell classifica-tion and clinicopathological parameters,and their prognostic im-pact were analyzed.Results The squamous cell components were divided into squamous differentiation(19 cases)and ana-plastic carcinoma(4 cases).In the latter,the squamous cell components were diffusely distributed in sheets;the cell atypia was moderate to severe;and the Ki-67 index was at least 30%.High expression of p53 was found only in anaplastic carcinoma.Compared with squamous differentiation,anaplastic carcinoma had a larger diameter,higher BRAF V600E positive rate,high PD-L1 combined positive score,and extremely worse progression-free survival and overall survival.Squamous differentiation had inconspicuous impact on survival,and only one case relapsed af-ter secondary surgery.Conclusion The cell atypia,distribu-tion,maximum diameter,Ki-67 and p53 expression of squamous cell components are helpful in differentiating squamous compo-nents from anaplastic carcinoma.Positive BRAF V600E and PD-L1 expression suggest the feasibility of targeted therapy and im-munotherapy for anaplastic carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the role of intraleisonal pingyangmycin in the treatment of maxilla and facial vascular malformation.Methods A total of 160 cases with vein malformation were divided into two groups randomly,and were injected pinyangmycin and sod morrhuate,respectively.Results The size of the swelling reduced by 50% or more in 74 patients(92.5%) and by 75% or more in 64 patients(80%) in pinyangmycin group;the size of the swelling reduced by 50% or more in 50 patients(62.5%) and by 75% or more in 34 patients(42.5%) in sod morrhuate group;there was a significant difference in the two groups.Conclusion Intralesional injection of pinyangmycin is an easy,safe,and effective therapeutic method in venous malformation.