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Objective To identify the pathogen and origins of 286 clustered cases of rotavirus infection in Hohhot, and to provide reliable basis for formulating preventive measures of rotavirus infection outbreaks. Methods Epidemiological investigation was conducted on 286 rotavirus outbreaks involving 8,560 cases in Hohhot from December 2017 to December 2020. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the genotypes, and the related risk factors were analyzed. Results Of the 286 rotavirus outbreaks, 165 were clustered outbreaks, and the duration was 5 to 8 days, with an average of (7.05±1.06) days, presenting temporal and spatial clustering. The causes of the outbreaks included rotavirus contamination in drinking water, improper management of household infections, and inadequate hospital preventive measures. The total number of cases was 8,560, and the positive rate of rotavirus was 47.17% (4 038/8 560). Group A and B rotavirus strains were detected in vomit or stool samples. Rotavirus infection in children was mostly caused by group A rotavirus (100%) and in adults by group B rotavirus (97.59%), and the common symptoms included diarrhea, vomiting and fever. The infection rate of children (87.67%, 3,540/4,038) was significantly higher than that of adults (12.33%, 4,98/4,038) (χ2=115.520, P<0.05). Rotavirus infection occurred most frequently in autumn and winter. Conclusion Clustered outbreaks account for most of rotavirus infection events, and children are the key targets of prevention and treatment. Rotavirus screening should be strengthened.
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Objective To investigate the immune regulation and prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in infected patients, and to analyze the relationship between immune regulation and clinical outcome. Methods The data of 633 cases of HBV infection in Huhhot from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. At the same time, healthy people from the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University were selected as the control group. Immune cell regulatory factors and lymphocyte subsets in blood of HBV infected and healthy people were tested. The results of one-year clinical outcomes were calculated. The relationship between immune cell regulatory factors and lymphocytes and the clinical outcomes of patients was analyzed by multiple logistics regression. Results The levels of CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, NK cells, IL-2, and IL-12 in the blood of patients with HBV infection were significantly lower than those in the control group, and decreased as the patients’ clinical outcome deteriorated (P0.05). Low CD4+ T cells, low CD8+ T cells, low NK cells, low IL-2, low IL-12, high IL- 4 and high IL-10 were independent risk factors leading to the deterioration of clinical outcomes (P<0.05). Conclusion The immune regulation of patients with HBV infection is in a state of suppression, which is an independent factor affecting the clinical outcome of patients.
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Objective To evaluate the value of clinical application in chest tumor biopsy by DSA rotating reconstruction technology and CT guided technology.Methods The 63 cases of chest tumors collected,38 cases of lung tumors,25 cases of mediastinal tumors.Applicating of CT and DSA scan and formulating puncture path,according to their respective descending thoracic tumor puncture guide way.DSA and CT guided traditional way from the success rate of puncture,operation time,X-ray exposure and complications were analyzed.Results 45 cases take CT guidance,18 cases take DSA guidance.60 cases,the pathological results achieved and positive rate was 95.2％.CT group success rate of first puncture in 68.9％ (31/45),DSA group 88.9％ (16/18),statistically significant.CT group pneumothorax rate 17.8 ％ (8/45),DSA group pneumothorax rate 11.1％ (2/18),no statistical difference.Operation time CT group (23.111 ± 4.281) minutes,DSA group (12.889 ± 3.693) minutes,with significantly statistical differences.CT group exposure (11.563±3.023) mGy,DSA group exposure (9.956±2.193) mGy,statistically significant.Conclusion The chest tumor puncture biopsy by DSA rotating reconstruction technique guided with flexible,fast and convenient,and superior to traditional CT with real-time monitoring,shorten the operation time,reduce the exposure,the success rate of first puncture aspects.
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Objective To evaluate the cause and the treatment of the vagus nerve reflex in patients with hemoptysis during bron-chial artery embolization (BAE).Methods 1 12 patients with much hemoptysis were enrolled,9 of whom represented vagus nerve reflex in the process of interventional embolization.Results In 9 patients with mixed vagal reflex,5 occurred in the process of bron-chial artery embolization,1 in removing of sheath,1 in hemostasis by compression and 2 in returning to the ward.The intraoperative vagus reflex during BAE was related to over tension and unnormolized operation,and it improved by block of vagus nerve,raising blood pressure and fluid expansion without serious complications.Conclusion Vagus nerve reflex during BAE should be noticed, and early detection and timely intervention may improve its prognosis.
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Objective To discuss the value of combining superselective mesenteric angiography (SSMA)with methylene blue in-jection for localization of the Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding (OGIB).Methods 12 patients presenting with OGIB had preopera-tive localization of the bleeding site by SSMA.The microcatheter was remained inside the bleeding artery branch after angiography. Then the methylene blue was injected via the microcatheter for localization during exploratory laparotomy and the dyed intestine was then removed.Results The detected rate of bleeding sites by using preoperative SSMA was 100%.The lesions in total 12 patients were found quickly during the exploratory laparotomy.The length of the removed intestine was 9 -12 cm (median,10 cm).After followed up for 10-24 months (median,18 months),all patients with OGIB had no recurrence.Conclusion The method of SSMA combined with the use of methylene blue injection is a safe and effective procedure for the localization of OGIB and could be beneficial for increasing the surgical success rate of hemostasis.