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Polyporus umbellatus， as a traditional Chinese medicine for promoting diuresis and clearing dampness， mainly contains steroids and polysaccharides. It is usually used to treat diseases of urinary system. In this paper， the research progress of the effective components， pharmacological mechanisms and clinical use of P. umbellatus in diuresis-promotion and dampness- clearance is reviewed. Steroids such as ergosterone， peroxyergosterone， ergosta-7，22-dien-3-one and P. umbellatus polysaccharide PPS1， PPS2， PPS3， GUMP-1-1 and GUMP-1-2 promote diuresis and eliminate dampness through diuresis， renal protection， anti- inflammatory， bacteriostatic and immunomodulatory effects. Traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations such as P. umbellatus powder， P. umbellatus decoction， and Wuling powder have significant effects in treating urinary tract infections， lithiasis， renal edema and lesions， which providing reference for the further development and application of P. umbellatus.
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Objective:To explore the surgical method and clinical effect of forearm arterialized venous flap in repair of soft tissue defects of fingers.Methods:A total of 13 cases of finger soft tissue defects with exposure of deep tissue were repaired with forearm arterialized venous flap from January, 2013 to October, 2019. The flap was designed in the forearm, and 2 parallel superficial veins were selected, the diameter of vein was similar to that at recipient site. The long axis of the flap was the same as that of the vein, and the width of the flap was divided into 3 equal parts by the 2 superficial veins. The free flap was cut longitudinally in the middle between 2 vessels under microscope, and a width of about 2 mm of the subcutaneous tissue was removed to the subdermal vascular network. The communicating branch between 2 vessels was ligated, and the subcutaneous tissue between 2 vessels was cut completely. The flap was not inverted, and the cut area was 3.5 cm× 2.5 cm-7.0 cm×4.0 cm. The proximal ends of the 2 vessels in the flap were anastomosed with the arteries and veins of the recipient area.Results:Thirteen flaps survived, and 9 patient entered follow-up for an average of 11(3-23) months. The flaps were soft and had no effect on the joint movement, slightly bloated. The TPD of flaps was 9 - 18 mm, with an average of 13 mm.Conclusion:Forearm arterialized venous flap has the advantages of high survival rate, satisfactory function, finger pulp-type change, superficial location, easy harvest and no sacrifice of main artery. It is an ideal method for repairing finger soft tissue defects.
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Objective@#To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment of freshmen in Jiangsu Colleges, so as to provide evidence for carrying out HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment propaganda among young college students.@*Methods@#A total of 2 538 freshmen in 8 colleges in Jiangsu province were surveyed by cluster sampling, and anonymous self-reported questionnaire survey was carried out. Valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed.@*Results@#Among 2 538 students valid, the total awareness rate of the eight items of new HIV/AIDS basic knowledge which provided to the public by the State (referred to the new eight items) was 85.74%, the awareness rate of boys was higher than that of girls’(88.21%, 84.34%)(P<0.05), the rate of college students of science was higher that of those of arts(87.31%, 83.67%)(P<0.05). the general awareness rate of other knowledge was 72.14%, and the rate of boys was higher than that of girls(75.00%, 70.53%)(P<0.05). As for "whether eating with the AIDS-affected patients may be affected with AIDS/HIV", boys and students of science were more rational(58.3%, 55.1%; 50.4%, 50.9%)(P<0.05). 50.08% students approved of having sexual behavior before marriage, and the rate of boys was higher than that of girls(69.00%, 39.40%)(P<0.01). 71.24% of the students thought that condoms should be used consistently in sex behaviors, and the proportion of female students (80.76%) was much higher than that of male students(54.37%), and the rate of the students of science was higher than that of students of arts(73.36%, 69.63%)(P<0.05). 6.03% students had received consult and test of AIDS. 40.34% of the untested students were willing to receive the test but didn’t know where to go. 1.34% students were afraid of receiving the test because of fear. The most popular ways of HIV/AIDS publicity among students are micro films(76.32%), lectures(66.67%) and peer education(60.80%).@*Conclusion@#It is suggested to publicize HIV/AIDS knowledge among students according to different gender and subject characteristics and combining multimedia, with emphasis on strengthening the publicity of HIV/AIDS epidemiology,treatment and related information, and attaching importance to sexual health education among young students.
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Objective@#To explore the mechanism of Xuebijing injection in the treatment of acute paraquat poisoning by means of studying the expression of TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B, Caspase-3 and the changes of cell apoptosis rate detected by TUNEL in the lung tissue of acute paraquat-induced rats.@*Methods@#On the base of random number table, 126 Wister rats weighing 220 g to 270 g were divided into 3 groups: (1) Control group: 42 rats, (2) Poisoned group: 42 rats, (3) Treatment group: 42 rats. On 1st、3rd、7th、14th、21st、28th、and 35th day, six rats from each group were anaesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate. To cut the chest and take the lung tissue samples. The expression levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Nuclear Factor-kappa B and Caspase-3 protein in lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining, as well as apoptotic cell rate was detected by TUNEL staining.@*Results@#The expression levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Nuclear Factor-kappa B, Caspase-3 protein and TUNEL staining in the lung tissue of the poisoned group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05) . Compared with the poisoned group, the expression of TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B, Caspase-3 and TUNEL in treatment group decreased significantly (P<0.05) , but they were still higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#Apoptosis and TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B and Caspase-3 play an important role in lung injury of paraquat-induced rats. Xuebijing injection can inhibit the expression of TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B, Caspase-3 in lung tissue, reduce the apoptosis rate and alleviate the damage of lung tissue in paraquat-poisoning rats.
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Objective To explore the method and clinical effect of radial artery pedigreed conjoined perfora-tor flap for repairing cross-joint long-shaped skin and soft tissue defects in fingers. Methods From June, 2015 to June,2017,six patients with cross-joint long-shaped skin and soft tissue defects of the fingers were treated with radial artery pedigreed conjoined flap which axis was the artery superficial line, and carried two radial artery perforators, in order to enlarge flap cut range to repair.The size of flaps ranged from 3.0 cm ×6.0 cm to 3.5 cm ×7.5 cm.The donor site was directly sutured. After operation, all patients were followed up for 3 to 8 months. All the necessary parts are observed, such as the flaps appearances, textures, the donor sites, checked the flap sensation, activity functions of the fingers. Results Six cases of flap all survived.The wounds healed well(phase I),and all patients were followed up for 3 to 8 months, with an average of 5 months. All the flaps do not obviously bloat, the textures were soft,the colors are normal,the appearances of flaps were similar to recipient sites. The donor sites healed well only with linear scars. Conclusion Using radial artery pedigreed conjoined perforator flap to repair cross-joint long-shaped skins and soft tissue defects in fingers that it not only can enlarge the cut range but also cut conveniently, the textures are close to recipient sites.Therefore,it is an ideal repair way.
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Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of geniposide on the oxidative damage to in vitro cultured human melanocytes,and to explore the role of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in this inhibitory effect.Methods Epidermal melanocytes were isolated from the circumcised foreskin of healthy adolescent males,and then subjected to culture.Melanocytes at passage 2-3 were divided to six groups:control group receiving no treatment,geniposide group treated with 125 μmol/L geniposide alone,LY294002 group treated with 5 μmol/L LY294002 alone,H2O2 group treated with 250 μmol/L H2O2 alone,geniposide + H2O2 group firstly treated with 125 μmol/L geniposide for 24 hours followed by 4-hour treatment with 250 μmol/L H2O2,and geniposide + LY294002 + H2O2 group treated with 125 μmol/L geniposide for 24 hours,then with 5 μmol/L LY294002 for 1 hour,followed by 4-hour treatment with 250 μmol/L H2O2.After the above treatment,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate the cellular proliferative activity,Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of Akt,phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt),heme oxygenase1 (HO-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1),and flow cytometry to detect the level of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS),and biochemical methods were used to evaluate the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT).Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for intergroup comparison,and Student-Newman-Keuls-q (SNK-q) test for multiple com-parisons.Results Compared with the control group,the H2O2 group showed significantly decreased cellular proliferative activity (P ＜ 0.01),protein expression of p-Akt (P ＜ 0.01),HO-1 (P ＜ 0.01) and GPx-1 (P ＜ 0.05),SOD activity (P ＜ 0.01) and CAT activity (P ＜ 0.01),but significantly increased ROS level (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the H2O2 group,the geniposide + H2O2 group showed significantly increased cellular proliferative activity (72.98％ ± 8.92％ vs.50.53％ ± 10.85％,P ＜ 0.05),up-regulated protein expression of p-Akt (P ＜ 0.05),HO-1 (P ＜ 0.01) and GPx-1 (P ＜ 0.01),increased SOD activity (6.82 ±1.03 U/mg vs.1.29 ± 0.43 U/mg,P ＜ 0.05) and CAT activity (46.08 ± 4.16 U/mg vs.18.71 ± 3.09 U/mg,P ＜0.05),but decreased ROS level (1 284.33 ± 110.64 vs.2 158.00 ± 222.75,P ＜ 0.01).The proliferative activity of melanocytes was significantly lower in the geniposide + LY294002 + H2O2 group (44.35％ ±14.85％) than in the geniposide + H2O2 group (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the geniposide + LY294002 + H2O2 group showed significantly decreased protein expression of p-Akt (P ＜ 0.01),HO-1 (P ＜ 0.05) and GPx-1 (P ＜ 0.01),SOD (1.31 ± 0.65 U/mg,P ＜ 0.05) and CAT activity (23.25 ± 5.56 U/mg,P ＜ 0.05),but significantly increased ROS level (1 668.00 ± 62.03,P ＜ 0.05)compared with the geniposide + H2O2 group.Conclusion Through the PI3K-Akt pathway,geniposide can promote the protein expression of HO-1 and GPx-1 in melanocytes,enhance SOD and CAT activity,and antagonize the oxidative damage of melanocytes.
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Objective To observe the adverse reaction of dexmedetomidine(Dex)combined with dezocine in gynecological laparoscopic surgery after general anesthesia.Methods 120 cases of gynecologic laparoscopic surgery,ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ,according to random number table method were divided into three groups,40 cases in each group.A group was intravenously injected Dex 1μg/kg 10min before induction,intravenously injected dezocine 5mg+ ondansetron 4mg 30min before the end of the operation.B group was intravenously injected dezocine 5mg+ ondansetron 4mg 30min before the end of surgery.C group was intravenously injected saline 1mL+ ondansetron 4mg.Before induction(T0),5min before extubation(T1),extubation(T2),10min after extubation(T3),the MAP,HR,SpO2 of three groups were recorded.The postoperative recovery time,degree of agitation,extubation and Ramsay sedation score,VRS analgesia 24h score,postoperative adverse reaction were compared among three groups.Results There was no difference in the recovery time among the three groups(t=0.94,0.97,1.02,all P>0.05).Compared with T0,the MAP of the three groups at the time of T2 increased,but the MAP of B group and C group was significantly higher(t=4.65,5.201,all P0.05).Conclusion General anesthesia in gynecological laparoscopic surgery using Dex combined with dezocine can make patients more stable circulation,improve patients'' recovery quatity,it is a safe and effective method for prevention of adverse reaction after general anesthesia.
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A glycomic method was used to screen the aberrantly ?1-6 fucosylated glycoproteins related to HCC metastasis and analyze the alteration of CK8 both in its expression level and its glycan parts associated with metastatic ability. Based on the approach, 2-DE coupled with lectin affinity blot, lectin affinity precipitation followed by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS, the lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) affinity glycoprotein profiles from MHCC97-L and MHCC97-H cells, two higher metastatic HCC cell lines, were obtained, in which a differentially displayed protein spot was indicated when compared with Hep3B, in the region within 55～60 ku in molecular mass and 4～6 in isoelectric point. The identification result was CK8 by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS. To confirm the relation between increased core-fucosylation of CK8 and HCC metastasis, LCA affinity precipitation was used to extract the ?1-6 fucosylated glycoproteins, followed by Western blot. And it was found that CK8 was highly fucosylated in both MHCC97-L and MHCC97-H cells compared to Hep3B. Immunofluorescence analysis and Western blot were used to detect its intracellular localization and its protein expression levels, indicating that CK8 distributed in cytoplasm and increased protein expressions in MHCC97-L and MHCC97-H cell lines. And further lectin binding studies found that CK8 has a high affinity for Con A in both MHCC97-H and Hep3B cells, indicating that CK8 was a glycoprotein with high-mannose type N-glycans. But the amount of the lectin RCA-1 binding to CK8 was greater in MHCC97-H than Hep3B, suggesting that CK8 contained the increased terminal galactose residues ?-1, 4-linked to GlcNAc in MHCC97-H. All the results suggested that the increase of CK8 in its protein expression level, core-fucosylation and terminal gal ?1,4 GlcNAc disaccharides might be related to HCC metastatic ability.