Correlation Analysis on Cross Section Color of Licorice and Its Active Ingredients / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to establish an objective and convenient method to evaluate the quality of licorice through the study on correlation between the cross section color and contents of active ingredients of licorice.Therefore,colorimeter was introduced and applied to determinate cross section color of licorice.Meanwhile,contents of five active ingredients of licorice were also determined.HPLC was used to determine liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid.Colorimetric method was used to determine total saponins.Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to determine total flavonoids.Sulphuric acid-phenol colorimetry was used to determine polysaccharides.Correlation between the cross section color and content determination result was analyzed.The results showed that the correlation coefficient of glycyrrhizic acid content and L* was-0.578,P ＜ 0.001,the correlation coefficient with b* was 0.596,P ＜ 0.001;the correlation coefficient of liquiritin content and L* was-0.503,P =0.002,the correlation coefficient with b* was 0.890,P ＜ 0.001;the correlation coefficient of total flavonoids content and L* was-0.729,P ＜ 0.001,the correlation coefficient with b* was 0.724,P ＜ 0.001;the correlation coefficient of polysaccharides content and L* was 0.230,P =0.190,the correlation coefficient with b* was-0.390,P =0.023;the correlation coefficient of total saponins content and L* was-0.411,P =0.016,the correlation coefficient with b* was 0.738,P ＜ 0.001.It was concluded that the cross section color index of licorice has significant correlation with contents of glycyrrhizic acid,liquiritin,total flavonoids and total saponins.There was no significant correlation with content of polysaccharides.It illustrated the close correlation between cross section color of licorice and its active ingredients.Through the digitalized determination on color,contents of chemical composition in licorice can be initially determined or predicted objectively.It provided a new idea and method for the quality evaluation of Chinese herbal medicine.

AIF Distribution and Expression in CuItured SpiraI GangIion Neuron Injured by GIutamate / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective The study aimed to explore the relationship between AIF related pathway and the inju-ring of cultured SGNs (spiral ganglion neurons)by glutamate toxicity,and to find AIF expression and distribution changes in SGNs.Methods SGNs of 40 newborn rats within 3 day were obtained and cultured in vitro.Cultured cells were divided into four groups:the normal control group,10 mM,20 mM and 40 mM glutamate injured group, separately.After 48 h hours culturing,optical microscopy,immune fluorescence staining and real-time fluores-cence quantitative PCR were used to observe the morphology,AIF distribution,and AIF,calpain,Caspase3 expres-sion changes in SGNs in vitro.TUNEL was used to verify the cell apoptosis.ResuIts Noticeable morphological chan-ges and cell apoptosis were occurred in 20 mM glutamate group,with AIF nuclear translocation.AIF gene expression was significantly higher than normal after glutamate administration (P0.05). ConcIusion In the process of cultured SGNs injured by glutamate,AIF participated in the cell apoptosis.Noticeable cell apoptosis were occurred in 20 mM glutamate group with AIF nuclear translocation.Calpain up-expression also contributed to excitatory neurotransmitter injury on SGNs,but Caspase 3 had no obvious effects.

Inhibition of Th2 reaction by thymic stromal lymphopoietin blockade in vitro / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) on transformation of dendritic cell (DC) and T cell in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mouse-derived immature dendritic cells and T lymphocytes were co-cultured in vitro, which were divided into 4 groups (TSLP stimulation group, TSLP stimulation and its receptor blocking group, ovalbumin stimulation group and ovalbumin stimulation and TSLP receptor blocking group). IL-4, IL-8 and IFN-β in cell culture supernatant were detected after 2 days by ELISA. SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IL-4 levels of TSLP receptor blocking groups [(48.84 ± 1.56) pg/ml, (52.53 ± 2.36) pg/ml]were significantly lower than those of corresponding TSLP stimulation group and ovalbumin stimulation group [(72.55 ± 7.76) pg/ml, (80.47 ± 21.93) pg/ml;t = 5.994, P < 0.05;t = 2.534, P < 0.05]. However, there were not significant differences of IL-8 and IFN-β expression between corresponding two groups of whether or not TSLP receptor blocking (all P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TSLP receptor blockade in vitro can inhibit T lymphocyte transformation to Th2, which may provide a new therapeutic strategy for clinical Th2 dominant diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma.</p>

Effect of micro-ecological environment on incidence of allergic rhinitis on mice / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study was designed to find out the impact of micro-ecological environment on the incidence of allergic rhinitis after developing a model of allergic rhinitis on mice.@*METHOD@#Sixty mice were randomly divided into GF group (n=30) and SPF group (n=30). Mice of GF group were fed in the germ-free environment and mice of SPF group were fed in the specific pathogen-free environment. Then each group were randomly divided into model group (20 mice) and control group (10 mice). Establish allergic rhinitis model in the mice of model group using ovalbumin (OVA) at the age of 6 weeks, observe and score the corresponding symptoms and signs that could been induced. Stain with hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining method for nasal mucosa to observe the morphological changes. Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay to detect the concentration of IgE, IFN-γ and IL-4 in the peripheral blood serum.@*RESULT@#The chi square test showed that the incidence of allergic rhinithis in the mice of GF group was significantly higher than that in the SPF group (P< 0. 05). HE staining showed that the nasal mucosas of allergic rhinitis positive reaction mice were highly congestive and edematous and had a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, while there was no abnormal morphology of nasal mucosas in mice with no allergic rhinitis reaction. EOS counting displayed that the number of eosinophilic cells in nasal mucosa of positive allergic rhinitis reaction mice was increased significantly. The concentration of IgE and IL-4 in the serum of positive allergic rhinitis reaction mice was highly increased (P <0. 05), and IFN-γ was significantly decreased (P< 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The difference of micro-ecological environment may play a key role in the occurrence of allergic rhinitis in mice.

A study of the pepsin in the sputum for diagnosis and treatment evaluation of laryngopharyngeal reflux / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the value of the pepsin in the sputum for diagnosing and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux.@*METHOD@#Thirty-six patients with the symptoms of dry pharynx, globus pharyngeus, excessive throat clearing, chronic cough and so on were divided into laryngopharyngeal reflux group and chronic laryngitis group by the results of therapeutic trial taking proton pump inhibitors for 3 months. The estimation of the reflux symptom index (RSI), the reflux finding score (RFS) and the detection of pepsin in the sputum were done before and after the treatment. The difference between two groups and the value of the pepsin were analyzed.@*RESULT@#There were significant decreasing in RSI, RFS and pepsin level (P < 0.01) after the treatment in all patients. There were statistical differences between the laryngopharyngeal reflux group and the chronic laryngitis group in the changes of RSI and pepsin level (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Pepsin level in the sputum might be used as a objective, effective method for diagnosing and evaluating the effectiveness in laryngopharyngeal reflux.