ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the awareness of occupational health literacy (OHL) and its influencing factors among occupational population in key industries of Guizhou Province in 2022. Methods A total of 11 153 workers from eight key industries in 88 counties and districts of Guizhou Province was selected as the research subjects in 2022 using a stratified cluster sampling method. The OHL levels were surveyed using the Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Populations. Results The overall OHL level of the research subjects in 2022 was 57.7%. The OHL levels of basic knowledge of occupational health protection, healthy lifestyle and behavior, legal knowledge of occupational health, and basic skills of occupational health protection were 79.6%, 69.7%, 60.0%, and 42.0%, respectively. The overall OHL level of the tertiary industry population was higher than that of the secondary industry (59.8% vs 54.9%, P<0.01). The overall OHL levels of occupational population in the eight key industries from high to low were medical and health, electric heating water supply, environmental health, transportation, non-metallic mineral products, express delivery/take-out,education and coal mining, with the overall OHL level of 82.5%, 64.2%, 64.0%, 55.9%, 52.8%, 48.8%, 46.1% and 44.7%, respectively (P<0.01). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, personal monthly income, length of employment, and industry category were independent influencing factors of OHL levels (all P<0.05). The OHL level of females was higher than that of males (P<0.01). The older age, higher educational level, and higher personal monthly income were associated with higher OHL levels in workers (all P<0.01). The OHL level of Han population was higher than that of Miao and other ethnic groups (all P<0.01). The OHL level of unmarried population was higher than that of married and widowed/divorced population (all P<0.01). The OHL level of workers with less than 3.0 years of employment was lower than that of workers with 3.0 - < 6.0 and 6.0 - < 10.0 years of employment (all P<0.01). The OHL level of workers in the tertiary industry was higher than that in the secondary industry (P<0.01). Conclusion The OHL level of occupational population in Guizhou Province needs to be further improved. Special attention should be paid to the industry of coal mining and selection, education, express delivery/take-out, and occupational population in ethnic minority areas, low educated, low-income, and newly employed occupational population.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the survival status, distribution characteristics and social security of newly diagnosed occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Guizhou Province from 2006 to 2021. Methods The newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases reported in Guizhou Province from 2006 to 2021 were collected from the “Occupational Diseases and Hazards Monitoring Information System” under “National Health Insurance Disease Prevention and Control Information System”. Telephone or face-to-face surveys were conducted to investigate these patients. Results A total of 12 413 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients were reported in Guizhou Province from 2006 to 2021, with 11 192 cases included in the follow-up, and 10 631 cases were followed-up successfully. According to the follow-up study, 10 565 cases (accounting for 99.4%) were survived, and 66 cases (accounting for 0.6%) died. The number of pneumoconiosis showed an increasing trend followed by a sharp decline from 2006 to 2021, reaching its peak in 2016. The main industry of the newly pneumoconiosis cases was concentrated in the mining industry (accounting for 90.6%). The top three regions with surviving cases in the follow-up were Bijie City, Zunyi City, and Qiannan Prefecture, accounting for 34.0%, 25.4% and 12.0%, respectively. The main types of pneumoconiosis were coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis, accounting for 67.1% and 30.8%, respectively. Most cases were in the age group of 50 to <60 years old, accounting for 59.1%, and the majority of the workers had worked in dusty environments for 5 to <25 years, accounting for 91.5%. In terms of social security, about 89.5% of cases were in the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents which was the most popular social security. The employer's compensation rate was 67.7%, and the work-related injury insurance participation rate was 51.5%. Conclusion Pneumoconiosis cases in Guizhou Province exhibit significant regional disparities. It has a high concentration in the industry, a younger age profile, and limited social security coverage. It is necessary to strengthen the special management of dust and industry supervision in mining industry, intensify follow-up work for pneumoconiosis cases, reinforce the construction of pneumoconiosis rehabilitation station in key regions, and improve the quality of life of pneumoconiosis cases.