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To examine levels of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and its antibody in the patients with hepatitis B virus-associated membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN), and to explore the correlation of PLA2R with laboratory parameters and pathological characteristics. Methods: A total of 49 adult patients with biopsy-proved HBV-MN were enrolled in this study. Levels of anti-PLA2R antibody in serum and PLA2R in renal tissue were detected. Patients were assigned into two groups: a positive PLA2R group and a negative PLA2R group. Differences in laboratory parameters and pathological characteristics were compared between the two groups. Results: Of 49 patients with HBV-MN, 17 had positive PLA2R expression in renal tissues. In the positive PLA2R group, 10 patients were positive for serum anti-PLA2R antibody. Patients with positive PLA2R expression in renal tissues showed higher levels of 24 hour urinary protein [(4.6±3.9) g/d], serum HbsAg (70.5%) and renal HbsAg expression (71%), while lower level of serum albumin [(24.1±7.5) g/L] than those of the negative group. Conclusion: PLA2R is expressed in the renal tissues and serum anti-PLA2R antibody can be detected in some HBV-MN patients. Positive PLA2R expression in renal tissue might be related to HbsAg deposition in serum and renal tissues. Patients with positive PLA2R expression in renal tissue have more severe glomerular sclerosis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Antibodies , Autoantibodies , Genetics , Physiology , Biopsy , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous , Genetics , Hepatitis B , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Hepatitis B virus , Kidney , Chemistry , Kidney Diseases , Genetics , Prognosis , Proteinuria , Epidemiology , Genetics , Receptors, Phospholipase A2 , Blood , Physiology , Serum Albumin , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effect of pioglitazone on carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque-positive rate in patients with metabolic syndrome, and to ifnd a new way to improve arterial remodeling in patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods:Patients with metabolic syndrome were randomly divided into a control group (n=60) and a pioglitazone group (n=61). All subjects received basic therapeutic measures, i.e, appropriate medication to control blood pressure, blood sugar and cholesterol. Pioglitazone (15 mg/d) was given to patients in the pioglitazone group, and placebo (vitamin C) in the control group for 24 weeks. Color doppler ultrasound was used to measure carotid artery IMT and plaque-positive rate of patients in the 2 groups atfer the intervention. Japan’s Hitachi 7600-020 automatic biochemical analyzer was used to measure fasting serumal triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, free fatty acids, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose and liver and kidney function, etc. The differences between groups after the intervention were analyzed and compared in IMT, plaque-positive rate and all blood biochemical indicators. Results:Atfer the intervention, compared with the control group, carotid artery plaque-positive rate and the levels of triglyceride and free fatty acid decreased in the pioglitazone group (P0.05). Conclusion:Pioglitazone intervention can significantly improve pathologic artery remodeling, and it can more effectively inhibit the arterial plaque-formation than basic therapeutic measures in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Objective To examine the expression of IgA1 and B1a positive cells in palatine tonsils of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients, and to analyze the association between B1a cells and clinicopathological changes. Methods Eight patients diagnosed as IgAN by renal biopsy and 8 chronic tonsillitis patients without nephritis as control were enrolled in the study.Immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) were applied to observe the localization and quantitative calculation of Bla and IgA1 positive cells. Statistic analysis of the association of B1a cells with proteinuria and pathological Lee's grading was performed. Results Bla cells were mainly localized in germinal center of tonsil, and IgA1 positive cells were mainly localized in subepithelium of tonsil. Compared to control group, the percent of B1a cells and IgA1 positive cells was significantly higher in IgAN (P＜0.01). There was a positive correlation between Bla cells and IgA1 cells (P＜0.05). In IgAN, the percent of B1a cells in patients with hematuria and proteinuria was obviously higher than that of patients with hematuria only (P＜0.05). The number of Bla cells in IgAN patients with≥Lee's grade Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of those ＜ grade Ⅲ (P＜0.05). Conclusions IgA1 may be secreted by Bla cells in the tonsil of IgAN patients. The number of B1a cells is correlated with exacerbation of proteinuria and pathological severity, which may play an important role in pathogenesis of IgAN.
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Objective To investigate the molecular characterization of a Chinese pedigree with rare β thalassemia genotype.Methods Phenotypic analysis was performed using standard hematological tests to measure red blood cell parameters, including RBC,Hb,MCV,MCH,MCHC and RDW.SPIFE automatic Hb agarose gel electrophoresis instrument was used to measure hemoglobin fraction Hb A,Hb A2 and Hb F.The alleles of β thalassemia mutation were determined by RDB assay, and then cloning and sequencing were performed to define the mutation sites.Results The proband and his father had typical microcytic hypochromic anemia with low MCV and MCH(79.8, 63.1 fl and 19.9, 20.9 pg, respectively) and high level of Hb A2 (5.66% and 5.60%, respectively).The proband′s mother had normal MCV and MCH. β thalassemia mutation analysis with RDB assay showed that the proband had thalassemia minor resulting from double mutations on one globin gene.One showed codons 41/42 (-TTCT) mutation and the other was CAP mutation from positions +40 to +43 in the promoter region.These two mutations were inherited from his father.The genotype of the proband and his father was β41/42、CAP/βA ,and the genotype of his mother was βA/βA.Conclusions It′s rare that double mutations occur on single β globin gene, with one mutation on CD41/42(-TTCT) and the other mutation from positions +40 to +43 relative to the mRNA cap site in the promoter region.The findings enrich knowledge of the mutation spectrum of β thalassemia.
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Objective To examine the correlation of urinary podocyte number and giomerular podocalyxin expression with clinicopathology in IgA nephropathy(IgAN)patients. Methods Morning urinary specimens(100 ml)3 days before renal biopsy from 50 patients with IgAN diagnosed by renal biopsy and from 20 healthy volunteers as control were collected. After centrifugation, 300 μI sediment was used for smear. Immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal anti-podocalyxin antibody was performed to detect urinary podocytes and the number of podocyte was counted under optical microscope. Computer image analysis system was used to examine glomerular PCX expression. Renal pathology and classification were investigated based on Lee's grading and Katafuchi semi-quantitative integration method. Relevance analysis was carried out on urinary podocyte number, glomerular PCX expression with pathological score and clinical data. Results The amount of urinary podocytes in IgAN was obviously higher than that in healthy controls(P<0.01). Significant differences were found in multiple comparison of the median of urinary podocytes among Lee's grade groups. I - II group was lower as compared to Ⅲ , Ⅳ, Ⅴ groups(all P<0.05). Ⅲ group was lower as compared to V group(P<0.05). The positive rate of urinary podocyte was the highest in Ⅳ and V groups(100%), while the lowest in Ⅰ - Ⅱ group(55%). Glomerular PCX expression in IgAN decreased with the aggravation of renal pathology. Significant differences were found in multiple comparison of the glomerular PCX expression with the pathological score. Lee's Ⅰ - Ⅱ group was higher as compared to Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ groups(all P<0.05). Ⅳ and Ⅳ groups were higher as compared to V group(P<0.05). In IgAN, urinary podocyte excretion was negatively correlated with glomerular PCX expression(r=-0.702, P<0.01), positively correlated with 24-hour urinary protein(r=0.465, P<0.01)and positively correlated with glomerular and tubular scores(r=0.233, 0.307, P<0.05). Glomerular PCX expression was negatively correlated with 24-hour urinary protein(r=-0.367,P<0.05)and negatively correlated with glomerular and tubular scores(r =-0.560, -0.377, P <0.05). Conclusions Injury and desquamation of glomerular podocytes may involve in the development of IgAN. The number of urinary podocyte can reflect the loss of podocytes in renal tissue, which may be used as a marker of disease progression of IgAN.
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Objective The rapid multiplex PCR (MPCR) system for detection of genes encoding aminoglycoside resistance in Staphylococcus aureus was developed. The distribution of antibiotic resistant genes acc(6')-Ie+aph(2″), aph(3')-Ⅲa and ant(4')-Ia in Guangzhou was analyzed using the established system.Methods S. aureus strains were identified and susceptibility tests were performed using VITEK-60 or PHOENIX-100 system as recommended by the manufacturer. Aminoglycoside resistance was determined by disk diffusion method. MPCR system for detection of antibiotic resistance genes was optimized.Results The MPCR assay was established successfully. The prevalence of acc(6')-Ie+aph(2″), aph(3')-Ⅲa and ant(4')-Ia in the 124 clinical S. aureus isolates was 62.1%, 32.3% and 1.6%, respectively as analyzed by MPCR. Good correlation between antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genotypes was observed. One or more of the genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes could be detected in all gentamicin- or netilmicin- or amikacin-resistant isolates. The acc(6')-Ie+aph(2″) gene was identified in 72 of 74 mecA-positive isolates.Conclusions This MPCR system could be used for rapid and reliable analysis of the antibiotic-resistant genotypes of clinical S. aureus isolates. The gene acc(6')-Ie+aph(2″) may be the predominant determinant of aminoglycoside resistance, followed by gene aph(3')-Ⅲa. The prevalence of ant(4')-Ia gene is relatively low.
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Objective To analyze a rare genotype with β-thalassemia intermadia.Methods Phenotypic analysis was performed using routine hematological tests to measure red blood cell parameters and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)was used to measure hemoglobin fractions.The β-globin gene mutations were conducted using reverse-dot-blot and DNA sequencing of the breakpoint region were characterized with gap-PCR.Results The proband had a trait of thalassemia intermedia with reduced hemoglobin (86 g/L).The proband's father had a trait of microcytic hypochromic with reduced mean corpuscular volume(MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (63.7 fl and 20.4 pg,respectively) and an elevated level of HbA2.He had the phenotype of heterozygosity for β-thalassemia.The preband's mother,grandmother and sister had a trait of heterezygote for hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) with elevated level of HbF,which were 28.3%,21.1% and 33.7%,respectively.After molecular characterization of the family members,the proband was identified as a patient with β-thalassemia intermedia caused by co-existence of β-thalassemia(β41-42) and HPFH-6.The father was heterozygoas for β-thaiassemia (β41-42/βN) and the mother,grandmother and sister were all heterozygons for HPFH-6.Condusions A rare β-thalassemia intermedia case resulting from compound heterezygote of β41-42 with HPFH-6 is found.This study may provide clinical experiences for antenatal diagnosis.
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Objective To identify one umbilical blood sample with abnonnal gap-PCR products of three bands of α2,-α3.7 and-SEA.further family pedigree were analyzed for the source of genetic variations,Methods One fetal umbilical blood sample was drawn from a woman of 24-weeks pregnancy.Gap-PCR for α-thalassemia was routinely conducted and abnornlal three bands of α2.-α3.7 and-SEA were observed.which could not be interpreted according to the kit manual and suspected as rare variation.With informed consen,DNA samples from the parents and grandparents were obtained for further study.Singleplex andnested PCR techniques were utilized to analyze the molecular characteristics of DNA samples from this fetus and its parents and grand-parents.Results Hematological phenotype study showed that fetal Hb Ban's was 7.6%,and its mother and maternal grandfather were both with typical α-thalassemia.while its father,grandfather and grandmother and maternal grandmother are without abnormal hematological change.Molecular study showed that fetal blood DNA was a heterozygosity for HKaa and-SEA.its father and grandfather are both HKαα/αα,its mother and maternal grandfather are both-SEA/aa,its grandmother and maternal grandmother are with both normal alleles of αα/αα.Then after genetic counseling the fetas was saved and iS a she baby now.Conclusion ThroUgh careful molecular tests one case of prenatal heterozygosity of HKαα/-SEA was identified,and the fetus is kept successfully through careful clinical counseling.
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f miRNAs had enhanced effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell than any single miRNA transfection.
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Objective:To understand the state of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) infection in patients with coronary hear disease (CHD), and explore the relationship between Cpn infection and the gonesis and progressin of CHD.Methods:By means of PCR and ELISA, Cpn IgG antibody and nucleic acid were detected in 159 patients with CHD and 41 control subjects.Results:The positivity rate of Cpn DNA was 43 40%(69/159) in the patient group and 7 32%(3/41) in the control group, showing obvious difference between the two groups( P