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Metabolic syndrome is a global chronic epidemic. Its pathogenesis is determined by genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modification is reported to regulate gene expression without altering its nucleotide sequences. In recent years, epigenetic modification is sensitively responded to environmental signals, further affecting the gene expression and signaling transduction. Among these regulators, chromatin remodeling SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose non fermentable, SWI/SNF) complex subunit Baf60a plays an important role in maintaining energy homeostasis in mammals. In this paper, we described the pathophysiological roles of Baf60a in maintaining the balance of energy metabolism, including lipid metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, urea metabolism, as well as their rhythmicity. Therefore, in-depth understanding of Baf60a-orchestrated transcriptional network of energy metabolism will provide potential therapeutic targets and reliable theoretical supports for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Animals , Energy Metabolism/genetics , Homeostasis , Lipid Metabolism , Signal Transduction , Transcription Factors/metabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the application value of double ovarian stimulations in the patients with low follicular output rate(FORT). Methods The data of 226 cases with low FORT at our hospital were ana-lyzed in this retrospective study. 67 patients received a subsequent luteal phase ovarian stimulation following regu-lar follicular phase stimulation(double stimulations group). The other 159 patients were performed fresh embryos transfer or whole embryos freezing(low FORT group),in which 60 patients who were not pregnant or had a pregnan-cy failure after fresh or freezing embryo transfer were served as control group and received conventional ovarian stimulation protocol in the next cycle. The clinical outcomes were compared among groups. Results The numbers of oocytes retrieved,metaphaseⅡoocytes,2PN fertilized oocytes,top-quality embryos in luteal phase stimulation were significantly higher than those in follicular phase stimulation(P < 0.05). Meanwhile,the parameters of IVF mentioned above along with cryopreserved embryos and the clinical pregnancy rate in double stimulations were sig-nificantly higher and the rate of abortion was significantly lower than low FORT group(P<0.05),which were simi-lar to control group(P > 0.05). Conclusions With the advantages of obtaining more available embryos in less time,the double stimulation could be served as an effective supplementary intervention for the patients with low FORT.
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Objective To investigate the application value of double ovarian stimulations in the patients with low follicular output rate(FORT). Methods The data of 226 cases with low FORT at our hospital were ana-lyzed in this retrospective study. 67 patients received a subsequent luteal phase ovarian stimulation following regu-lar follicular phase stimulation(double stimulations group). The other 159 patients were performed fresh embryos transfer or whole embryos freezing(low FORT group),in which 60 patients who were not pregnant or had a pregnan-cy failure after fresh or freezing embryo transfer were served as control group and received conventional ovarian stimulation protocol in the next cycle. The clinical outcomes were compared among groups. Results The numbers of oocytes retrieved,metaphaseⅡoocytes,2PN fertilized oocytes,top-quality embryos in luteal phase stimulation were significantly higher than those in follicular phase stimulation(P < 0.05). Meanwhile,the parameters of IVF mentioned above along with cryopreserved embryos and the clinical pregnancy rate in double stimulations were sig-nificantly higher and the rate of abortion was significantly lower than low FORT group(P<0.05),which were simi-lar to control group(P > 0.05). Conclusions With the advantages of obtaining more available embryos in less time,the double stimulation could be served as an effective supplementary intervention for the patients with low FORT.
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With the continuous improvement of various imaging techniques, the morbidity of polypoid lesions in gallbladder is increasing year by year. However, owing to the lack of effective means of diagnosis before undergoing the surgery, there is a large number of patients who do not have definite indications of surgery for prophylactic cholecystectomy. Therefore, this text will carry out a comprehensive narration of the imaging features, epidemiological characteristics and pathological types about the polypoid lesions in gallbladder, summarizing the experience of diagnosis and treatment of the disease, helping the option in clinical treatments.
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BACKGROUND:To date, it is stil unclear whether the intramuscular injection of heterogeneous umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s (UC-MSC) can cause cardiac ectopic pathological angiogenesis as wel as increase col agen synthesis to promote myocardial fibrosis. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of intramuscular injection of human UC-MSCs on myocardial micrangium and col agen expression in normal Wistar rats. METHODS:After 2 weeks of feeding, 60 male SPF Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receive intramuscular injection of PBS (normal group), DMEM (culture medium group), human UC-MSCs supernatant (supernatant group), 0.25×105, 1.0×105, 4.0×105 human UC-MSCs (low-, moderate-and high-dose groups), respectively (n=10 per group). Al the rats were subjected to second injection (same dose) at 4 weeks after first intramuscular injection. Then, the rats were kil ed under anesthesia at 4 weeks after second injection, to take heart tissues from the left ventricle for pathological observation, immunohistochemical examination and Masson staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No alteration of the response, activity, victualage, faeces, weight growth, and fur was found, and there was no death in rats during the experiment. Al the rats had no symptoms of molt, inflammation, skin ulcer, scleroma. Strong positive expression of CD34 for the micrangium in the myocardial tissue was observed, and positive expression of the col agen in the myocardial tissue observed by Masson staining. There were no significant differences in the microvessel density and col agen expression in the myocardium among the groups (F=0.110 and 0.585, P>0.05). To conclude, hUC-MSCs or its supernatant via intramuscular injection has no effect on the micrangium and col agen expression in normal rats.
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BACKGROUND:So far, the short-term changes of various organs after injection of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have been reported, but there are few studies on the long-term changes of various organs in healthy rats after repeated intramuscular injection of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To observe the security of intramuscular injection of heterogeneous umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Sixty male SPF Wistar rats were divided into six groups randomly:normal group (suspension liquid of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells);control group with culture solution;supernatant group (supernatant of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells);low concentration group (0.25×105 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells);moderate concentration group (1.0×105 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells);high concentration group (4.0×105 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells). Each rat was injected 0.8 mL liquid in muscle, 0.2 mL in each limb, twice at weeks 1 and 4. Biochemical tests were conducted before and after injection. At the end of 8 weeks, al the rats were kil ed and hematoxylin-eosin staining was done with the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain and muscle. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no abnormal change about biochemical tests and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the intramuscular injection of heterogeneous umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. No significant alteration was observed in the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, and muscle of the limb after the injection of heterogeneous umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells under suitable concentration. These findings indicate intramuscular injection of heterogeneous umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells at certain concentrations is safe and reliable.
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BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether intramuscular injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells wil increase regeneration of normal myocardial cells and play adverse effects on normal myocardium. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of intramuscular injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on expression of the myocardial ki-67, phh3 and cTnT in normal Wistar rats. METHODS:A total of 60 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups randomly:normal group, solution group, supernatant group, low concentration group, moderate concentration group, and high concentration group. These groups were intramuscularly injected different liquid, respectively, as fol ows:PBS, DMEM, the supernatant of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells with amount of 0.25×105, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells with amount of 1.0×105, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells with amount of 4.0×105 . After 4 weeks, each rats received the second same intramuscular injections of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Four weeks after the second injection, al rates were kil ed to obtain myocardial tissues which were fixed, embedded and sectioned. Final y, the ki-67, phh3 and cTnT expressions of the myocardium were detected by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the normal group, negative expression of the ki-67 was observed in the caryon of myocardial cells, weak positive expression of the phh3 was observed in the caryon of myocardial cells, and positive expression of the cTnT was observed in the caryon of myocardial cells. Compared with the normal group, the expression of the ki-67, phh3 and cTnT in the myocardium had no significant difference among the other groups (F=1.076, 0.167, 0.300;P>0.05). Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells or the supernatant of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via intramuscular injection have no effects on the expression of the ki-67, phh3 and cTnT in normal Wistar rats.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of different doses of leuprorelin acetate in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET).Methods From January 2011 to December 2011,the data of 268 patients undergoing IVF and (or) intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in Reproductive Medical Center,Clinical College of PLA,Anhui Medical University were studied retrospectively.All the patients were divided into three groups based on with long protocol and controlled ovarian stimulation (COH) including 83cycles with 1.25 mg of leuprorelin in low dose group,68 cycles with 1.88 mg of leuprorelin in high dose group,117 cycles with 1.25 mg of diphereline in control group.The serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone (LH),estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) before gonadotropin (Gn)administration on the days 3-5 of the menstrual cycle and on the day of hCG administration were detected,the dose and duration of Gn,number of oocytes retrieved,number of mature oocytes,the rates of fertilization,embryo cleaved,good-quality embryos clinical pregnancy and early miscarriage were compared among three groups.Results There were no significant differences in age,the level of LH and P on the day of hCG administration among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The level of FSH was (3.8 ± 1.6) U/L in low dose leuprorelin group,(3.1 ± 1.4) U/L in high dose of leuprorelin group and (2.4 ± 1.3) U/L in diphereline group before Gn administration,which reached statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).The mean length of Gn stimulation were (9.8 ± 1.7) days in low dose leuprorelin group,(10.5 ± 1.8) days in high dose of leuprorelin group and (11.1 ± 1.4) davs in diphereline group,which reached statistical difference (P ＜0.05).The mean dose of Gn was (24 ± 7) in low dose of leuprorelin group,which was significantly higher than (27 ± 9) in high dose of leuprorelin group and (28 ± 7) in diphereline group (P ＜ 0.05).The level of LH was (2.7 ± 1.6) U/L in low dose of leuprorelin group and (2.2 ± 1.0) U/L in diphereline group before Gn administration,which reached statistical difference(P ＜ 0.05).The cancel cycles were 5 in low dose of leuprorelin group,4 in high dose of leuprorelin group and 7 in diphereline group.The number of ovum was (14 ±7) low dose of leuprorelin group,(13 ±6) in high dose of leuprorelin group,(14 ±6) in diphereline group.The rates of fertilization was 66.26％ (758/1144)in low dose of leuprorelin group,67.01％ (589/879) in high dose of leuprorelin group and 68.54％ (1111/1621) in diphereline group,the rates of goodquality embryos was 64.22％ (472/735) in low dose of leuprorelin group,60.50％ (340/562) in high dose of leuprorelin group and 59.59％ (640/1074) in diphereline group,clinical pregnancy was 49％ (38/78) in low dose of leuprorelin group,42％ (27/64) in high dose of leuprorelin group and 50％ (55/110) in diphereline group,early miscarriage was 18％ (7/38) in low dose of leuprorelin group,15％ (4/27) in high dose of leuprorelin group and 15％ (8/55) in diphereline group,which did not show significant differences (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Both 1.25 mg and 1.88 mg leuprorelin acetate could obtain good downregulation effect and clinical outcomes.1.25 mg leuprorelin acetate could decrease patient's costs by reducing Gn dose and duration.
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Objective To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of the combination of intracoronary tirofiban infusion(ICTI) plus percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEAMI). Methods The 128 cases with STEAMI were enrolled in this study. They were randomly divided into trial group and control group. The 10 μg/kg tirofiban were infused into the infarct related artery (IRA) within 5 minutes through the cather after coronary angiography in trial group (n=64). Normal saline in matched dose was infused into IRA after coronary angiography in control group (n=64). The coronary thrombosis and revascularization status were assessed within 10 minutes after injection. Postoperative bleeding complications were observed in all cases. Adverse cardiovascular events and cardiac function were followed up within 1 month in all cases. Results There were 33 cases whose thrombus burden was reduced within 10 minutes after the infusion of tirofiban in trial group, including 26 cases of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) ≥1. There were 6 cases whose thrombus burden was reduced within 10 minutes after the infusion of normal saline in control group, including 3 cases TIMI ≥ 1. The coronary thrombosis and revascularization status were better in trial group rather than in control group (P＜0.01). Adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 5 cases within 1 month, including 2 cases in trial group and 3 cases in control group (P＞0.05). New York heart association functional class and ejection fraction values were better in trial group rather than in control group within 1 month (P＜0.05). Postoperative bleeding complications occurred in 14 cases by TIMI criteria , including severe and mild bleeding in 2 cases in trial group and 1 cases in control group (P＞0.05), but no significant bleeding occurred in 8 cases in trial group and in 3 cases in control group (P＜0.01). Conclusions The combination of intracoronary infusion of tirofiban plus PCI is effective and safe for thrombolysis and revascularization in IRA in patients with STEAMI.
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Objective To explore the surgical treatment for ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures.Method From December 2000 to March 2007,13 patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures were treated,7 patients were stabilized with reconstruction inter-locking nail,3 patients were stabilized with cannulated lag screws and retrograde inter-locking nail,and the other patients who were missed diagnosis were stabilized with cannulated lag SCreWS and antergrade inter-locking nail.Results All patients were followed up for 18 months to 5 years,and had fracture union at one stage,except 1 patient had nonunion offemoral neck fracture and 1 patient had nonunion offemoral shaft fracture.Conclusions The ipsilateralfractures offemoralneck and shaftismre.andthefemoral neckfractureis easyto bemissed.The treating method should be chosen according to the position of femoral shaft fracture.
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BACKGROUND:Discogenic pain is a major cause of chronic low back pain,and its inflammation mechanism that is participated by many cytokines is well known by more and more people. However,what is the role of these cytokines in the occurrence and development of pain and how we use them to control pain are still not consistent. OBJECTIVE:To completely learn about the pathogenesis of intervertebral disk herniation,the relative cytokines in the occurrence and development of pain and the advances in the treatment of chronic pain with cytokines. RETRIEVE STRATEGY:A computer-based online search of CNKD was undertaken to identify the relevant articles dated from January 1994 to June 2007 with the Chinese of "cytokine,pain". And totally 153 articles were collected. Meanwhile,PubMed database was searched for English articles published from January 2002 to June 2007 with the keywords of "gene,chronic pain" and 36 were collected. The articles that involved the basic and clinical researches closely related with cytokine were selected. Repetitive articles were excluded. After the trail,6 Chinese and 24 English articles were involved. LITERATURE EVALUATION:Of the 30 articles,10 were focused on the basic research and animal experiment,and 20 were about clinical research. There were 7 of RCT,1 of EBM review,10 of summary analysis,2 of case report,and 10 of experience exchange. DATA SYNTHESIS:The mechanisms of discogenic pain include inflammation and immune ones besides mechanical pressure. Inflammation mechanism of discogenic pain is well known by more and more people,in which many cytokines such as substance P,phospholipase A2,tumor necrosis factor,interleukin,growth factor and NO participate. Meanwhile,the role of immunities should not be ignored. Some researchers have used some cytokines(interleukin 1 receptor antagonist,vascular endothelial growth factor,etc) in clinic to treat pains and got good effect. CONCLUSION:The mechanism of pain and various effects of pain-killer are based on gene. Cytokines play important roles in the occurrence,development and treatment of discogenic pain.
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Objective To solve problems of ice bag in process of physical cooling for high fever patient, which is contacted area small and fixed difficulty and so on, and develop a new ice capsule for all kinds of special-site cooling. Methods Selecting glycol liquor, thin aluminum plate, high-density sponge, flexible plastic and other materials and according to clay characteristics, producing 12 different types of shaping ice capsule. Results "Wear-capsule of medical care" was developed in 2002 and assessed to national patents of utility model. The flexible shaping liquid ice capsule was declared national invention patents in 2007. Conclusion The liquid flexible ice capsule can not be coagulated, wear conveniently, applicable to each kind of different spot and had good cooling effect.