ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of heat stress on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and peripheral blood T regulatory cells (Treg) in splenic cells of rats.Methods Senventy-two SD rats were divided into 20 ℃ control group and 37 ℃ group.Each group was divided into non stimulation,bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and concanavin A (Con-A) stimulation subgroup.Each subgroup had 1,12,48 h and 168 h observation points,and flow cytometry was used to determine the level of TLR4 and Treg.Results The TLR4+ immunocompetent cells in the spleen was decreased from 1 h to 168 h in every subgroup of the 37 ℃ group compared to the 20 ℃ control group (P＜0.05).The level of CD4+CD25+ Treg in the peripheral blood in rats from 1 to 48 h was significantly decreased (P＜0.05) and slightly increased at 168 h in LPS stimulation subgroup in the 37 ℃ group compared to the 20 ℃ control group.The level of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg in the peripheral blood in rats at 12 h were significantly increased in non-stimulation and concanavalin A (Con-A) stimulation subgroups in the 37 ℃group,and were significantly decreased at 168 h in every subgroup of the 37 ℃ group compared with 20 ℃ control group (P＜0.05).The level of CD8+CD25+ Treg in the peripheral blood in rats was significantly increased at 1 h and 168 h in the 37 ℃ hot and humid group in the every subgroup whencompared with the 20 ℃ control group (P＜0.05).The level of CD8+ CD25+Foxp3+ Treg in the peripheral blood in rats was significantly decreased at 1 h and 48 h in the every subgroup,and was significantly increased at 12 h and 168 h in the non-stimulation and LPS stimulation subgroups in the 37 ℃ group compared to the 20 ℃ control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion High temperature and damp heat can destroy the innate immunity and alter the functional state of adaptive immunity in rats.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the curative effect of insulin combined with An Er Shu in treatment ofⅡtoⅢ degree pressure sores of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 120 cases of elderly diabetes mellitus patients with Ⅱ to Ⅲ degree pressure sores were randomly divided into the control group (30 cases, conventional nursing treatment), the experimental group 1 (30 cases, insulin spray coating), the experimental group 2 (30 cases, An Er Shu brushing besmear), and the experimental group 3(30 cases, insulin combined An Er Shu). The curative effect and the healing time were observed. Results After four weeks treatment total effective rate was 60.0%(18/30) in the control group, 66.7%(20/30) in the experimental group 1, 76.7%(23/30) in the experimental group 2, 100.0%(30/30) in the experimental group 3, and there was significant difference in the 3 experimental groups comparing with the control group, the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2, respectively (χ2=15.000, 12.000, 5.822, P<0.05 or 0.01). The healing time ofⅡdegree pressure sores was (19.03 ± 0.85) d in the control group, (18.90 ± 0.92) d in the experimental group 1, (18.43 ± 0.82) d in the experimental group 2, and (16.97 ± 1.25) d in the experimental group 3, and there was significant difference in the experimental group 3 comparing with the control group, experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, respectively (t=8.013, 7.918, 8.930, P<0.01), and in the experimental group 2 comparing with the control group (t=3.525, P<0.01). The healing time ofⅢdegree pressure sores was (24.17 ± 1.51) d in the control group, (23.63 ± 1.33) d in the experimental group 1, (23.47 ± 1.25) d in the experimental group 2, and (21.07 ± 1.46) d in the experimental group 3, and there was significant difference in the experimental group 3 comparing with the control group, experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, respectively (t=6.918, 7.048, 9.200, P<0.01). Pressure sores area reduction was (44.47 ± 37.63)%in the control group, (56.50 ± 39.64)%in the experimental group 1, (66.23 ± 37.54)%in the experimental group 2, and (96.52 ± 7.71) % in the experimental group 3, and there was significant difference in the experimental group 3 comparing with the control group, the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2, respectively (Z=-4.274,-4.274,-3.400, P<0.01). Conclusions Insulin combined An Er Shu in treatment of pressure sores in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus can improve curative effect and shorten the healing time.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the influence on inflammation cytokines for anti-IL-1βand TNF-αIgY intranasal treatment in guinea pigs with allergic rhinitis.Methods:The allergic rhinitis model in guinea pigs was established using ovalbumin(OVA).Hartley guinea pigs were randomly divided into the control group(group C,n=17),the allergic rhinitis model group(group M,n=27),the 0.1%anti-IL-1βand TNF-αIgY treatment group(group Z1,n=21)and the fluticasone propionate treatment group(group Z2,n=21). At 2 h,4 h and 8 h after the last treatment,blood was got by heart puncture,as well as nose was lavaged using 0.9% saline and the nasal lavage fluid( NLF) was collected.The level of cytokines was examined using ELISA kits.Results: In the peripheral blood, the levels of IL-1β,IL-5,IL-9,IL-13,IL-18,IL-33 and TGF-β1 from 2 h to 8 h;TNF-αand OVA-specific IgE from 2 h to 4 h;and IL-22 from 4 h to 8 h were significantly decreased in the 0.1%anti-IL-1βand TNF-αIgY treatment group compared with the allergic rhinitis model group(P<0.05).In the NLF,the levels of IL-1β,IL-5,IL-9,IL-13,IL-22,IL-33,TNF-α,TGF-β1 and OVA-specific IgE from 2 h to 8 h;and IL-18 at 2 h were significantly decreased in the 0.1% anti-IL-1βand TNF-αIgY treatment group compared with the allergic rhinitis model group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion: Anti-IL-1βand TNF-αIgY intranasal treatment can significantly reduce inflammation cytokine levels in allergic rhinitis guinea pigs.