ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: It is common for athletes to have accidental injuries in training. Sports injuries damage the health of athletes, dampen their enthusiasm, and affect their normal life and training. Objective: To explore preventive measures against athletes' sports injuries by understanding their sports injuries. Methods: We used the literature data method, a questionnaire, an interview, and mathematical statistics to determine the cause of sports injury accidents of athletes. Results: The locations of sports injuries were fingers, ankle and knee joints, lower back, thighs, etc. Common types of injuries were joint sprains, muscle strains, and soft tissue injuries. Conclusion: Scientific physical training can prevent sports injuries and effectively reduce injuries and accidents caused by sports. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: Não é raro que atletas tenham ferimentos acidentais em seus treinamentos. Lesões esportivas causam danos à saúde dos atletas e reduzem seu entusiasmo, afetando suas vidas normais e seu treino. Objetivo: Explorar medidas preventivas contra lesões esportivas para compreender como tais ferimentos ocorrem. Métodos: Este trabalho utilizou pesquisa bibliográfica, questionário, entrevista, e cálculo estatístico matemático para determinar a causa das lesões esportivas acidentais de atletas. Resultados: As lesões esportivas ocorreram em dedos, articulações de tornozelo e joelho, região lombar, coxas e etc. Tipos comuns de lesão incluíram torção de articulações, estiramento muscular, e feridas em tecidos moles. Conclusão: O treino físico com base científica pode prevenir lesões esportivas e efetivamente reduzir os ferimentos e acidentes causados pelo esporte. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: No es raro que los deportistas sufran lesiones accidentales en sus entrenamientos. Lesiones deportivas causan daños a la salud de los atletas y reducen su entusiasmo, afectando sus vidas normales y su entrenamiento. Objetivo: Explorar medidas preventivas contra lesiones deportivas para comprender cómo tales heridas ocurren. Métodos: Este trabajo utilizó investigación bibliográfica, cuestionario, entrevista y cálculo estadístico matemático pata determinar la causa de las lesiones deportivas accidentales de atletas. Resultados: Las lesiones deportivas ocurrieron en los dedos, articulaciones de los tobillos y rodillas, región lumbar, muslos, etc. Entre los tipos de lesiones más comunes se encuentran los esguinces articulares, las distensiones musculares y las heridas en los tejidos blandos. Conclusión: El entrenamiento físico con base científica puede prevenir lesiones deportivas y efectivamente reducir las heridas y accidentes causados por el deporte. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce the application of "tennis racket" flap with fascial pedicle on the healthy chest for radiation ulcer after surgical treatment of breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The " tennis racket" flap was designed on the healthy chest along the cartilage with fascia pedicle near the sternum. 9 cases were treated. The flaps size ranged from 5.0 cm x 3.5 cm to 13 cm x 11 cm with pedicle size of 2-8 cm in length and 2.0-3.0 cm in width.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 9 flaps survived completely with satisfactory appearance. The patients were followed up for 2 months to 3 years without ulcer reoccurrence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The "tennis racket" flap has a slender fascial pedicle without major blood vessel. It has the advantages of good flexibility for rotation and large flap size for the reconstruction of the radiation ulcer after surgical treatment of breast cancer.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Radiotherapy , Fascia , Radiodermatitis , General Surgery , Skin Ulcer , General Surgery , Sternum , Surgical Flaps , TennisABSTRACT
To identify the specificity of base substitutions, a novel experimental system was established based on rifampicin-resistant (Rif r) mutant screening and sequencing of the defined region of the rpoB gene in E. coli. We focused on comparing mutational spectra of base substitutions induced by either low energy nitrogen ion beam implantation or 60Co-gamma rays. The most significant difference in the frequency of specific kinds of mutations induced by low energy nitrogen ion beam was that CG -> TA transitions were significantly increased from 32 to 46, AT -> TA transversions were doubled from 7 to 15 in 50 mutants, respectively. The preferential base substitutions induced by nitrogen ion beam implantation were CG -> TA transitions, AT -> GC transitions, AT -> TA transversions, which account for 92.13 percent (82/89) of the total. The mutations induced by 60Co-gamma rays were preferentially GC -> AT and AT -> GC transitions, which totaled 84.31 percent (43/51).