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Teeth with severe periodontitis always have occlusal trauma, local anatomical abnormalities, mucogingival deformities or other factors that aggravate plaque retention or periodontal tissue damage. For these teeth, the author put forward the strategy of treating both symptoms and primary cause. That is, carrying out the periodontal regeneration surgery on the basis of analyzing and removing the primary cause factors. Through literature review and case series analysis, this paper discusses the therapeutic effects of strategy by treating both symptoms and primary cause on teeth with severe periodontitis, in order to provide reference for clinician work.
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Abstract@#Children were vulnerable groups in major public health emergencies. In 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was widespread in the world. The mental health of school age children has become a worldwide concern. Herein, we conducted this review to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of general children and special children with a high risk of psychological problems, focusing on the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and post traumatic stress disorder among school age children in different countries and regions during the COVID-19 epidemic. Considering the susceptibility between individuals and the accessibility of social resources, we further explored the child, family, and social related factors affecting the mental health of school age children. Finally, some suggestions on the construction of children s mental health service system in major public health emergencies were put forward at the national, school family community, and individual levels. Building a safe and reliable child mental health protection network required the joint efforts of all sectors of society.
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Objective@#To determine the association between physical health fitness with Chinese reading ability of schoolaged children, so as to provide evidence for improving children s reading ability.@*Methods@#A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 923 school aged children in grades 2-6 in a primary school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The questionnaire included basic demographic information and Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children and the Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening. At the same time, participants underwent physical fitness tests which included an assessment of height, weight, and lung capacity, as well as a 50 meter run, sit forward bend, one minute skipping rope task, sit ups, and a 50 × 8 round trip.@*Results@#A total of 59 children were identified with dyslexia. Normal children achieved higher scores than children with dyslexia in the total physical health score, as well as the one minute skipping rope score, one minute sit up score, and sitting forward score ( P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the reading ability of girls was higher than that of boys ( β =-3.04, P <0.01), and the children who regularly participated in more intense physical activity and who had higher fitness scores had a higher reading ability ( β =-1.68, -0.08, P <0.01). Children s reading ability increased significantly with parental educational level( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Gender, parents education level, physical exercise intensity, and children s physical fitness were identified as influencing factors of school age children s reading ability. A positive correlation was found between children s physical health level and reading ability.
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Objective@#To investigate the progression of depressive and anxiety symptoms of children, especially whose parents were frontline workers in the combat of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to provide evidence for children s mental health promotion.@*Methods@#In June and December 2020, two surveys were conducted among the children in a primary school in Qiaokou District, Wuhan. The questionnaire included demographic information, student learning conditions, and depressive/anxiety symptoms.@*Results@#A total of 963 children completed both surveys. The detection rate of depressive and anxiety symptoms at follow up was significantly higher than that at the baseline survey (depressive symptoms: OR=1.45, 95%CI =1.16-1.83; anxiety symptoms: OR=1.79, 95%CI =1.41-2.28, P <0.01). There was no statistically significant change in depressive/anxiety symptoms among children whose parents were frontline workers compared with those whose parents were not( P >0.05). Girls, lower learning efficiency, and less interaction with teachers in class were risk factors for depressive or anxiety symptoms of children( P < 0.05 ).@*Conclusion@#Mental health status of children requires continuous attention. Moreover, timely psychological protection should be given to prevent the occurrence of psychological problems and the further deterioration of psychological problems.
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Objective@#To examine the changes of depressive and anxiety symptoms in school aged children during home confinement and to identify possible influence of learning and lifestyle behaviors on mental health changes.@*Methods@#The population of this study were obtained from the "Tongji Mental Health Cohort". Two primary schools in Wuhan were selected through cluster sampling and students in grade 2-5 were surveyed. This study was divided into two stages. In the first stage (T1=during home learning), a total of 2 588 valid questionnaires were collected. In the second phase (T2=during school learning), 2 424 children were followed up successfully. Combining the results of the depression and anxiety symptoms of the two surveys of children respectively to classify the children s psychological outcomes. Association between home learning and lifestyle behaviors with the change of psychological symptoms in school aged children were estimated by disordered multi classification Logistic regression.@*Results@#The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were 28.9% and 21.0% in school aged children at T1, 35.6% and 30.6% at T2, respectively. The aggravation and persistence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in children were partly related to their home learning and lifestyle behaviors. Concentration in class（ OR=0.63，95%CI =0.45-0.89）, frequent interaction with teachers ( OR =0.74, 95% CI = 0.57- 0.95 ), participation in physical exercise at home ( OR =0.60, 95% CI =0.41-0.87) was negatively associated with depressive symptoms in children. Time spent on playing video games ( OR =1.15, 95% CI =1.06-1.24) and fear of infection with coronavirus disease 2019 ( OR =1.83, 95% CI =1.39-2.42) were positively associated with anxiety in children. Boys（ OR=0.70， 0.63 ） were more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety symptoms than girls.@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among school aged children increased when they went back to school after home confinement, suggesting more attention are needed for mental health intervention among school aged children.
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Soil-transmitted nematodiasis was once widely prevalent in Jiangsu Province, which seriously threatened human health and hindered socioeconomic development. The control efforts over decades resulted in a remarkable decline in the prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode human infections in Jiangsu Province, with a reduction from 59.32% in 1989 to 0.12% in 2019, and the human prevalence remains at < 0.5% since 2013. Since 1987, an integrated strategy has been adopted for the control of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Jiangsu Province; however, the core interventions varies at different stages, which mainly include deworming, water and sanitation service improvement, health education, and monitoring and assessment. The criteria of effective soil-transmitted nematodiasis control had been achieved in all epidemic counties (districts) of Jiangsu Province by 2019. Further actions to strengthen health education and monitoring and implement precision control measures are required to consolidate the achievements of soil-transmitted nematodiasis control and eliminate the harm of soil-transmitted nematodiasis to humans. This review summarizes the epidemiology, control progress and evolution of control strategy of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Jiangsu Province.
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Objective To establish a recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay for the nucleic acid detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Methods The internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS1) gene sequence of A. cantonensis was used as the detection target sequence, and the specific primers and probes were designed and synthesized, followed by screening of the primers and probes with the highest specificity, to establish the basic and fluorescent RAA assay for nucleic acid detection of A. cantonensis. The sensitivity of the fluorescent RAA assay was evaluated by using the target gene fragment sequence-contained recombinant plasmids at various copy numbers and the genomic DNA from A. cantonensis as the template DNA samples, and the specificity of the fluorescent RAA assay was evaluated by using the genomic DNA from A. cantonensis, Schistosoma mansoni, Ascaris lumbricoides, Clonorchis sinensis, Echinococcus granulosus and Ancylostoma duodenale, as well as Pomacea canaliculata and Biomphalaria straminea snail tissues as the template DNA samples. Results A fluorescent RAA assay was successfully established for nucleic acid detection of A. cantonensis, which achieved real-time amplification of the specific DNA fragment of A. cantonensis within 20 min at 37 ℃. By using the target gene fragment sequence-contained recombinant plasmids at various copy numbers and the genomic DNA from A. cantonensis as the DNA templates, the lowest detection limits of the fluorescent RAA assay were 10 copies/μL of recombinant plasmids and 100 pg/μL of genomic DNA, respectively. The fluorescent RAA assay was negative for detection of the genomic DNA from A. cantonensis, S. mansoni, A. lumbricoides, C. sinensis, E. granulosus, A. duodenale, and P. canaliculata and B. straminea snail tissues. Conclusions A simple, rapid fluorescent RAA assay has been successfully established, which has a high sensitivity and specificity for the nucleic acid detection of A. cantonensis.
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Objective To establish a novel nucleic acid assay for detection of Giardia lamblia based on the recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay, and evaluate its sensitivity and specificity for detection of G. lamblia. Methods The specific primer sequences and florescent probes were designed and synthesized based on the G. lamblia β-giardin gene as the target gene, and a fluorescent RAA assay was established. The recombinant plasmids at various copies (containing the β-giardin gene target sequence) and the genomic DNA of G. lamblia at various concentrations were used as templates for the fluorescent RAA assay to assess the sensitivity, and the genomic DNA from G. lamblia, Schistosoma japonicum, Clonorchis sinensis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Ascaris lumbricoides, Salmonella and Shigella was used as templates to assess the specificity of the fluorescent RAA assay. Results A novel fluorescent RAA assay was successfully established for detection of G. lamblia, which allowed the rapid and specific amplification of the target gene fragments at 39 ℃ within 20 min. The sensitivities of the fluorescent RAA assay were 102 copies/μL and 1 pg/μL for detection of the recombinant plasmid and G. lamblia genomic DNA, respectively, and the fluorescent RAA assay was negative for detection of the genomic DNA from S. japonicum, C. sinensis, C. parvum, A. lumbricoides, Salmonella and Shigella, which showed a high specificity. Conclusions A fluorescent RAA assay, which is simple, sensitive and specific, is successfully established for nucleic acid detection of G. lamblia.
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Objective To establish a nucleic acid assay for detection of Echinococcus granulosus based on recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay. Methods The 12S rRNA gene of E. granulosus was selected as the target gene, and the specific primers and fluorescent probes for RAA assay were designed, screened and synthesized to establish a fluorescent RAA assay for detection of E. granulosus. The sensitivity of the fluorescent RAA assay was evaluated using different copy numbers of target gene sequence-contained recombinant plasmids and various concentrations of E. granulosus genomic DNA as templates, and the specificity of the fluorescent RAA assay was evaluated using the genomic DNA from E. granulosus, E. multilocularis, Schistosoma japonicum, S. mansoni, Ancylostoma duodenale, Clonorchis sinensis, Taenia saginata, Spirometra mansoni and Taenia solium as templates. Results A fluorescent RAA assay was successfully established for detection of E. granulosus, which achieved specific amplification of E. granulosus genomic DNA within 20 min at 39 ℃. The lowest detection limit of the fluorescent RAA assay was 10 copies/μL of recombinant plasmids and 0.1 ng/μL E. granulosus genomic DNA, which exhibited a high sensitivity, and the fluorescent RAA assay was all negative for the genomic DNA from E. multilocularis, S. japonicum, S. mansoni, A. duodenale, C. sinensis, T. saginata, Spirometra mansoni and T. solium, which exhibited a high specificity. In addition, this fluorescent RAA assay successfully detected genomic DNA from E. granulosus cysts. Conclusions A rapid, sensitive and specific fluorescent RAA assay is successfully established for nucleic acid detection of E. granulosus.
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Objective To investigate the risk of Anisakis infections among high-risk populations along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province, so as to develop the strategy for the prevention and control of anisakiasis in the province. Methods Three counties along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province were selected as the study sites in 2018, including Rudong County in Nantong City, Haizhou District in Lianyungang City and Dongtai City in Yancheng City. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of anisakiasis prevention and control, and the prevalence of serum specific IgG antibody against Anisakis were investigated among high-risk populations among these three study sites, including fishermen, fish seller and people who liked eating fresh and live marine fish. Factors affecting the prevalence of the specific IgG antibody against Anisakis were identified using a multiple logistic regression model. In addition, Anisakis larvae infections were detected in fresh and live marine fish samples collected from local markets, and the prevalence and intensity of Anisakis infections were estimated. Results A total of 625 high-risk populations were investigated, including 349 men (55.8%). Only 13.0% of the subjects heard about anisakiasis, and a low awareness rate of anisakiasis prevention and control knowledge was seen among these three types of high-risk populations. There were 21.6% of the subjects eating raw or half-cooked marine fish, 5.8% eating undercooked marine fish, 3.2% presenting vomiting, nausea and diarrhea after eating marine fish, 5.1% developing systemic allergic symptoms, and 65.6% using the same chopping board for raw and cooked food. The sero-prevalence of the anti-Anisakis IgG antibody was 7.0% among the study subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified education level [OR = 0.687, 95% CI (0.478, 0.987)] and development of systemic allergic symptoms [OR = 4.641, 95% CI(1.411, 15.268)]as factors affecting the positive anti-Anisakis IgG antibody among the study subjects. Among 494 fresh and live marine fish detected, the prevalence and intensity of Anisakis larvae infection was 64.0% and 8.1 larvae per fish, with high prevalence seen in Trichiurus haumela and Pneumatophorus japonicas. Conclusions The awareness of anisakiasis prevention and control knowledge is low among the high-risk populations living along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province, and there are high-risk behaviors, such as eating raw or half-cooked food, using the same chopping board for raw and cooked food. In addition, the prevalence of Anisakis infections is high in the marine fish in these areas. Therefore, the health education and health promotion for anisakiasis prevention and control should be intensified.
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Objective To establish a recombinase aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay for detection of Clonorchis sinensis. Methods The 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) sequence of C. sinensis was used as the target sequence, and specific primers and probes were designed, synthesized and screened to establish a rapid fluorescent RAA assay for the detection of C. sinensis. Then, the sensitivity of the fluorescent RAA assay was evaluated using the recombinant plasmids containing various copy numbers of DNA fragments and C. sinensis genomic DNA at various concentrations, and the specificity of the fluorescent RAA as say was evaluated using the genomic DNA of Ascaris lumbricoides, Echinococcus granulosus, Schistosoma japonicum, Ancylostoma duodenale and S. mansoni as templates. DNA samples were extracted from the feces containing C. sinensis eggs and freshwater fish containing metacercaria for the fluorescent RAA assay, and the performance for detection of C. sinensis-infected samples was preliminarily assessed in the field. Results A fluorescent RAA assay for detection of C. sinensis was successfully established, which was feasible for specific amplification of C. sinensis genomic DNA at 39 °C within 20 min. The lowest detection limit was 10 copies/μL if the recombinant plasmid containing various copy numbers of DNA fragments was used as a template, and the lowest detection limit was 3 pg/μL if the C. sinensis genomic DNA at various concentrations served as a template. All detections were negative if the genomic DNA of A. lumbricoides, E. granulosus, S. japonicum, A. duodenale, and S. mansoni was used as templates. In addition, the fluorescent RAA assay showed a high performance for the detection of C. sinensis-infected samples in the field, which successfully detected C. sinensis-infected human and rat fecal samples and Pseudorasbora parva samples. Conclusion A fluorescent RAA assay is successfully established, which is simple, rapid, sensitivity and specific for detection of C. sinensis.
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Objective To establish a recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay for detection of Cryptosporidium. Methods Based on Cryptosporidium-specific 18S rRNA selected as the target gene to be detected, and the primer sequences and fluorescent probes designed using the software Amplfix, and a fluorescent RAA assay was established and optimized. The fluorescent RAA assay was performed to detect 18S RNA target sequence-contained recombinant plasmids at various copies, genomic DNA of Cryptosporidium oocysts at various concentrations, and genomic DNA extracted from various numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts to assess the sensitivity of the assay, and to detect genomic DNA extracted from Cryptosporidium oocysts, Giardia lamblia cysts, Schistosoma japonicum eggs, Ascaris lumbricoides eggs, Clonorchis sinensis eggs, Salmonella and Shigella to determine the specificity of the assay. Results A fluorescent RAA assay was successfully established, which was effective to amplify the specific 18S RNA gene fragments of Cryptosporidium within 20 min at 39 ℃. The lowest limits of the fluorescent RAA assay were 102 copies/μL for detection of 18S RNA target sequence-contained recombinant plasmids at various copies, 1 pg/μL for detection of genomic DNA of Cryptosporidium oocysts at various concentrations, and one Cryptosporidium oocyst/μL for detection of genomic DNA extracted from various numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts, and the fluorescent RAA assay was all negative for detection of genomic DNA from G. lamblia cysts, S. japonicum eggs, A. lumbricoides eggs, C. sinensis eggs, Salmonella and Shigella. Conclusion A novel fluorescent RAA assay is successfully established, which is simple, rapid, sensitive and specific to detect genomic DNA of Cryptosporidium oocysts.
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Objective To establish a recombinase aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay for detection of Clonorchis sinensis. Methods The 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) sequence of C. sinensis was used as the target sequence, and specific primers and probes were designed, synthesized and screened to establish a rapid fluorescent RAA assay for the detection of C. sinensis. Then, the sensitivity of the fluorescent RAA assay was evaluated using the recombinant plasmids containing various copy numbers of DNA fragments and C. sinensis genomic DNA at various concentrations, and the specificity of the fluorescent RAA as say was evaluated using the genomic DNA of Ascaris lumbricoides, Echinococcus granulosus, Schistosoma japonicum, Ancylostoma duodenale and S. mansoni as templates. DNA samples were extracted from the feces containing C. sinensis eggs and freshwater fish containing metacercaria for the fluorescent RAA assay, and the performance for detection of C. sinensis-infected samples was preliminarily assessed in the field. Results A fluorescent RAA assay for detection of C. sinensis was successfully established, which was feasible for specific amplification of C. sinensis genomic DNA at 39 °C within 20 min. The lowest detection limit was 10 copies/μL if the recombinant plasmid containing various copy numbers of DNA fragments was used as a template, and the lowest detection limit was 3 pg/μL if the C. sinensis genomic DNA at various concentrations served as a template. All detections were negative if the genomic DNA of A. lumbricoides, E. granulosus, S. japonicum, A. duodenale, and S. mansoni was used as templates. In addition, the fluorescent RAA assay showed a high performance for the detection of C. sinensis-infected samples in the field, which successfully detected C. sinensis-infected human and rat fecal samples and Pseudorasbora parva samples. Conclusion A fluorescent RAA assay is successfully established, which is simple, rapid, sensitivity and specific for detection of C. sinensis.
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Objective To establish a recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay for detection of Cryptosporidium. Methods Based on Cryptosporidium-specific 18S rRNA selected as the target gene to be detected, and the primer sequences and fluorescent probes designed using the software Amplfix, and a fluorescent RAA assay was established and optimized. The fluorescent RAA assay was performed to detect 18S RNA target sequence-contained recombinant plasmids at various copies, genomic DNA of Cryptosporidium oocysts at various concentrations, and genomic DNA extracted from various numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts to assess the sensitivity of the assay, and to detect genomic DNA extracted from Cryptosporidium oocysts, Giardia lamblia cysts, Schistosoma japonicum eggs, Ascaris lumbricoides eggs, Clonorchis sinensis eggs, Salmonella and Shigella to determine the specificity of the assay. Results A fluorescent RAA assay was successfully established, which was effective to amplify the specific 18S RNA gene fragments of Cryptosporidium within 20 min at 39 ℃. The lowest limits of the fluorescent RAA assay were 102 copies/μL for detection of 18S RNA target sequence-contained recombinant plasmids at various copies, 1 pg/μL for detection of genomic DNA of Cryptosporidium oocysts at various concentrations, and one Cryptosporidium oocyst/μL for detection of genomic DNA extracted from various numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts, and the fluorescent RAA assay was all negative for detection of genomic DNA from G. lamblia cysts, S. japonicum eggs, A. lumbricoides eggs, C. sinensis eggs, Salmonella and Shigella. Conclusion A novel fluorescent RAA assay is successfully established, which is simple, rapid, sensitive and specific to detect genomic DNA of Cryptosporidium oocysts.
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Objective To evaluate the toxic effects of different concentrations of Coptidis Rhizoma extract on Caenorhabditis elegans. Methods Coptidis Rhizoma was extracted by water, and then selected some indicators to evaluate the toxic effects of Coptidis Rhizoma by using C. elegans as model organism. The effects of different concentrations of water extracts of Coptidis Rhizoma on lethality, maximum lifespan and median lethal time, individual development, spawning number and locomotion behavior were measured to evaluate the toxic effects on C. elegans. Results Compared with the control group, the lethality of C. elegans was significantly increased by water extracts of Coptidis Rhizoma at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 mg/mL (P < 0.01), and maximum lifespan and median lethal time were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). In the aspect of individual development, Coptidis Rhizoma extract at 1.0 and 2.5 mg/mL significantly inhibited the growth of C. elegans (P < 0.01). Three concentration extracts could significantly reduce the number of spawning in a certain dose-dependent manner in the aspect of reproductive behavior (P < 0.001), and the head swing frequency of C. elegans (P < 0.01) in the aspect of locomotion behavior, respectively. There was no significant difference in body bending frequency between the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL exposed group, of which the lowest bending frequency was 2.5 mg/mL exposed group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the frequency of forward swing, backward swing and Omega/U swing of three exposed groups. Conclusion The water extracts of Coptidis Rhizoma had obvious toxic effects on C. elegans, which provided the basis for the biological evaluation of the toxicity of different processed products of Coptidis Rhizoma by using C. elegans as a model organism, and provided new ideas and methods for the biological assessment of toxicity of Chinese medicinal materials.
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OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate an HPLC-MS/MS method for the measurement of 11 antipsychotics in human plasma samples for TDM(therapeutic drug monitoring) or other objectives. METHODS: Protein precipitation method with acetonitrile was used to extract the drugs in plasma. Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column(2.1 mm×50 mm, 2.7 μm)was used for chromatographic separation. The mobile phase was acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid-water with 0.1% formic acid gradiently eluted at a flow rate of 0.3 mLmin-1. The injection volume was 5 μL. The deprotonated ions of analytes were ionized by electrospray(ESI) and detected in positive ionization by multiple reaction monitoring mode(MRM). RESULTS: The total run time of the chromatographic separation and mass detection was 6 min. Excellent linear relationship with correlation coefficient of 0.99 was obtained from 2 to 200 ngmL-1 for risperidone, paliperidone and olanzapine, from 10 to 1 000 ngmL-1 for aripiprazole, quetiapine, amisulpride, clozapine, chlorpromazine and sulpride, from 0.4 to 40 ngmL-1 for haloperidol, and 0.2 to 20 ngmL-1for perphenazine, respectively. The precision and accuracy varied from 2.7% to 10.8% and from 90.7% to 102.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This established method is simple, rapid, and economic, fulfilling all criteria for TDM, and could be successfully applied in the routine TDM of antipsychotics in clinic.
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Objective To understand the current status of chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province so as to provide basic data for following-up care for them. Methods The patients were followed up one by one according to history archives between June and July, 2018, and the clue investigation was also conducted. The base data of the patients was collected through a face-to-face questionnaire survey and analyzed. Results There were still 3 160 chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province. Among them, the male accounted for 40.0%, and 91.8% of the patients were older adults aged 60 years or above. From the aspect of regional distribution, Suqian (24.2%), Huai’an (19.5%), Suzhou (17.3%), Xuzhou (11.2%), and Yancheng (9.8%) were the five top high prefectures. The patients with simple lymphatic inflammation or lymphadenitis, simple lymphedema or elephantiasis, simple chyluria, simple hydrocele of tunica vaginalis, and two symptoms or more accounted for 2.7%, 37.1%, 11.2%, 0.9%, and 48.1%, respectively. For the patients with lymphedema or elephantiasis, 97.8% of edema was seen in the lower limbs, and more than 90% of the edema stages were I-III. The number of current caring sites was 220, covering 2 091 patients. The average number of times of caring activities in this year was 3.2. The average cumulative time of caring activities among all the sites was 11.3 years. Conclusions The number of chronic filariasis patients has been dramatically decreased, most of the patients are old and have long disease durations. The caring sites have not covered all the patients. In order to release the symptoms and improve the life quality of the patients, all the patients should be taken care of in Jiangsu Province.
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Objective To understand the current status of chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province so as to provide basic data for following-up care for them. Methods The patients were followed up one by one according to history archives between June and July, 2018, and the clue investigation was also conducted. The base data of the patients was collected through a face-to-face questionnaire survey and analyzed. Results There were still 3 160 chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province. Among them, the male accounted for 40.0%, and 91.8% of the patients were older adults aged 60 years or above. From the aspect of regional distribution, Suqian (24.2%), Huai’an (19.5%), Suzhou (17.3%), Xuzhou (11.2%), and Yancheng (9.8%) were the five top high prefectures. The patients with simple lymphatic inflammation or lymphadenitis, simple lymphedema or elephantiasis, simple chyluria, simple hydrocele of tunica vaginalis, and two symptoms or more accounted for 2.7%, 37.1%, 11.2%, 0.9%, and 48.1%, respectively. For the patients with lymphedema or elephantiasis, 97.8% of edema was seen in the lower limbs, and more than 90% of the edema stages were I-III. The number of current caring sites was 220, covering 2 091 patients. The average number of times of caring activities in this year was 3.2. The average cumulative time of caring activities among all the sites was 11.3 years. Conclusions The number of chronic filariasis patients has been dramatically decreased, most of the patients are old and have long disease durations. The caring sites have not covered all the patients. In order to release the symptoms and improve the life quality of the patients, all the patients should be taken care of in Jiangsu Province.
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Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly malignancy with regard to mortality and prognosis, and the 5-year survival rate for all patients diagnosed with ESCC remains poor. A better understanding of the biological mechanisms of ESCC tumorigenesis and progression is of great importance to improve treatment of this disease. In this study, we demonstrated that the glutathione metabolism pathway is highly enriched in ESCC cells compared with normal esophageal epithelial cells in an in vivo mouse model. In addition, treatment with L-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO) to deplete glutathione decreased the ESCC tumor burden in mice, thus demonstrating the critical role of glutathione metabolism in ESCC progression. BSO treatment also led to decreased cell proliferation and activation of cell apoptosis in ESCC. Finally, BSO treatment blocked NF-κB pathway activation in ESCC. Our study reveals a new pathway that regulates ESCC progression and suggests that inhibition of glutathione metabolism may be a potential strategy for ESCC treatment.
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Animals , Humans , Mice , Apoptosis , Carcinogenesis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Cell Proliferation , Epithelial Cells , Esophageal Neoplasms , Glutathione , Metabolism , Mortality , Prognosis , Survival Rate , Tumor BurdenABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Vitamin D is a key substance that promotes calcium absorption and maintains the health of skeletal system,but its relationship with bone mineral density remains controversial.OBJECTIVE:To determine the relationship between serum level of vitamin D and bone mineral density in the middle-aged and elderly patients in southern China.METHODS:The patients aged over 50 years old admitted in the clinic and in-patient department of a large-scale 3A hospital from July 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled and the clinical data were collected.Then,the association between the serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and bone mineral density (at the lumbar spine,femoral neck and total hip) was analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 1 154 patients (77.2％ female) were enrolled with a mean age of (64.62±10.48)years,and the mean serum level of 25(OH)D was (62.07±37.40) nmol/L.The serum level of 25(OH)D decreased with age increasing,and the proportion of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in patients aged 50-59,60-69 and ≥ 70 years old was 71.3％,77.0％ and 80.1％,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the serum level of 25(OH)D was not associated with bone mineral density at the lumbar spine,but had a weakly positive correlation with bone mineral density at the femoral neck and total hip (r=0.09 and 0.08,P ＜ 0.01).For patients with vitamin deficiency (25(OH)D ≤ 50 nmol/L),there was a significantly positive correlation between serum level of vitamin D and bone minerat density at the lumbar spine,femoral neck and total hip (r =0.117,0.120 and 0.146,P ＜ 0.01).After subgroup analysis,vitamin D level was not associated with bone mineral density in male,but was significantly associated with that in female (r=0.105,0.135 and 0.171 for the lumbar spine,femoral neck and total hip,respectively,P ＜ 0.01).Therefore,the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is common in middle-aged and elderly patients in southern China.The serum level of vitamin D is not related to bone mineral density in male,but was positively correlated with that in female.