ABSTRACT
This study investigated effects of Ginsenoside Ro (Ro) on interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced apoptosis and inflammation in rat chondrocytes. The rat chondrocytes were co-treated with IL-1β (10 ng·kg(-1)) and Ro (50, 100 and 200 μmol·L(-1)) for 48 h. Chondrocytes viability was detected by the MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining assay. Caspase 3 activity was measured by using caspase 3 colorimetric assay kit. Apoptosis related proteins Bax, Bad, Bcl-xL, PCNA, p53 and phospho-p53, along with inflammation related protein MMP 3, MMP 9 and COX-2, and the expression of phospho-NF-κB p65 were assayed by western blotting analyses. Ro could improve IL-1β-induced chondrocytes viability. Ro could suppress IL-1β-induced apoptosis by inhibiting levels of Bax and Bad, decreasing p53 phosphorylation and promoting the expression of Bcl-xL and PCNA. Ro inhibited caspase 3 activity. IL-1β-induced inflammation and matrix degration were also alleviated by Ro with down-regulating the expression of MMP 3, MMP 9 and COX-2. Moreover, Ro inhibited NF-κB p65 phosphorylation induced by IL-1β. In conclusion, these results suggested Ro exerted anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation in IL-1β-induced rat chondrocytes, which might be related to NF-κB signal pathway. Therefore, we propose that Ro might be a potential novel drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins , Metabolism , Caspase 3 , Metabolism , Cell Survival , Chondrocytes , Cell Biology , Cyclooxygenase 2 , Metabolism , Down-Regulation , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Ginsenosides , Pharmacology , Inflammation , Drug Therapy , Interleukin-1beta , Pharmacology , Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 , Metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 , NF-kappa B , Metabolism , Phosphorylation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Connexin43 has been shown to play a pivotal role in wound healing process. Wound repair is enhanced by acute downregulation of connexin43, by increasing proliferation and migration of keratinocyte and fibroblast. Angiogenesis is also a central feature of wound repair, but little is known about the effects of connexin43 modulation on functions of endothelial cells. We used connexin43 specific small interference RNA (siRNA) to reduce the expression of connexin43 in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and investigated the effects of connexin43 downregulation on intercellular communication, viability, proliferation, migration and angiogenic activity of HUVEC. Treatment of siRNA markedly reduced the expression of connexin43 by -80% in HUVEC (P < 0.05), and decreased the intercellular communication by -65% (P < 0.05). The viability, proliferation, migration and angiogenic activity of HUVEC decreased significantly (P < 0.05), compared with that of the normal cells. The results suggest that temporally downregulation of connexin43 expression at early stage of wound to inhibit the abnormal angiogenesis characterized with leaky and inflamed blood vessels, maybe a prerequisite for coordinated normal healing process.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Cell Survival , Connexin 43 , Metabolism , Down-Regulation , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells , Cell Biology , Neovascularization, Physiologic , Umbilical Veins , Cell Biology , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Cell adhesion mediated by cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) constitutes essential life phenomenon. In inflammation, immunity, infection, thrombosis, tumor metastasis and wound healing, cell adhesion comes into being the basic physiological and pathological process. Intervening with cell adhesion has been the important therapeutic and prophylactic strategies for diseases. Accumulated evidence has indicated that plant polysaccharides especially those exacted from Chinese traditional and herbal drugs displayed various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-infection, immunomodulation, cardiovascular protective effects and so on. In this paper, the research progress of plant polysaccharides on cell adhesion is reviewed.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Anti-Infective Agents , Pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Pharmacology , Cardiovascular Diseases , Pathology , Cell Adhesion , Immunomodulation , Infections , Pathology , Inflammation , Pathology , Neoplasms , Pathology , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Polysaccharides , PharmacologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To research the hemostatic effect of total saponins of Yinfenglun.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Bleeding time and volume were deteminded in mice after tails being cut. Clotting times were researched on mice, rats and dogs. Hemostatic mechanism total saponins of Yinfenglun were studied on plasma recalcified time, PT, KPTT and ELT.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>TSY at different doses could markedly shorten bleeding time, reduce bleeding volume in mice. TSY also could shorten clotting time of mouse, rat and dog. TSY could influence both intrinsic coagulatian system and extrinsic coagulatian system,and had no effect of antifibrinolysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There were obvious hemostatic effect of total saponins of Yinfenglun.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Male , Mice , Rabbits , Rats , Bleeding Time , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Hemostatics , Pharmacology , Lamiaceae , Chemistry , Partial Thromboplastin Time , Plant Components, Aerial , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Prothrombin Time , Rats, Wistar , Saponins , Pharmacology , Whole Blood Coagulation TimeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To research the effect of total saponins of Yinfenglun on uterine.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Models of uterine inflammation were established to observe the effect of total saponins of Yinfenglun. Uterine contractive effects were studied on rats in vitro and on rabbit in vivo. Weight of uterus and levels of estrogen and progestogen were determined.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Total Saponins of Yinfenglun had the ameliorated tendency to metritis of model rats, and increased the contractive range and motorricity of uterine of rats in vitro and of rabbit in vivo. The effect to uterus in vivo maintained longer. Total saponins of Yinfenglun could increase the weight of uterus and have an increased tendency on the content of estrogen, but not the level of progestogen.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are obvious effects on uterine of total saponins of Yinfenglun, which are related to its clinical use.</p>