The relationship between 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the histopathology of livers of chronic viral hepatitis patients / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlations between 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings and histopathological grading and staging of the livers of chronic viral hepatitis patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-one patients with chronic viral hepatitis and 18 healthy volunteers were enrolled for this study. All of them underwent routine MRI plain scan and 31P-MRS of their livers. Peak areas of PME, PDE, PCr, Pi, gamma-ATP, beta-ATP and alpha-ATP were calculated. The concentrations of the phosphorus compounds of their livers, including PME, PDE, PCr, Pi, gamma-ATP, beta-ATP and alpha-ATP were measured. Percutaneous liver biopsies were performed on all 31 patients 0 to 7 days after their 31P-MRS examinations. Biopsy specimens were scored for fibrosis and necroinflammation according to the Knodell histological activity index. According to their necroinflammation scores, the 31 patients were divided into groups: slight hepatitis (7 patients), mild hepatitis (11), moderate hepatitis (8) and severe hepatitis (5). According to their fibrosis scores, the patients were divided into groups: no fibrosis (7 patients), portal fibrosis (11), bridging fibrosis (5) and cirrhosis (8).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PME%, PDE% and PME/PDE of the hepatitis patients and of the control volunteers had significant statistical differences. The differences of PME%, PDE% and PME/PDE among different grades and stages also had statistical significance. When PME/PDE=0.78, 0.95 and 1.11 were set as the cut-off points for different grades of necroinflammation, and PME/PDE=0.79, 0.95 and 1.10 were set as the cut-off points for different stages of fibrosis, a sensitivity of 80.0%-87.5% and a specificity of 42.9%-72.7% were achieved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PME/PDE is a sensitive marker for diagnosing the severity of chronic viral hepatitis. A rise of PME/PDE in hepatitis patients represents an increase of synthesis and a decrease in the breakdown of hepatocytes.</p>

CT features and anatomic-pathologic basis of the 16-slice spiral CT for aortic dissection / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the CT features and anatomic-pathologic basis of the 16-slice Spiral CT (SCT) for aortic dissection (AD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-two cases with typical aortic dissection (AD) and 12 cases with intramural hematoma (IMH) underwent 16-slice SCT, performed with unenhanced, contrast-enhanced scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction. More attention was put on the true and false lumen, intimal flap, the entry tear and the involvement of branches of AD.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) True and false lumen and intimal flap of AD could be shown in all of 42 cases (100%), the entry tears were revealed in 41 cases (97.6%), and the true and false lumen and intimal flap extended spirally in 41 cases (97.6%). (2) For intramural hematoma (IMH), unenhanced CT depicted crescent-shaped areas with high attenuation extending along the walls of the aorta in 10 cases (83.3%), and low attenuation in 2 cases (16.7%), while contrast-enhanced CT showed no enhancement of attenuation in the crescent-shaped areas in all 12 cases. Nine cases (75%) of IMH were associated with penetrating aortic ulcer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The axial and three-dimensional images of 16-slice SCT can fast and exactly reveal the pathological and anatomical features of AD, and provide detailed imaging information for clinical therapy. It's very important for the selection of treatment methods.</p>

Non-small cell lung cancer evaluated by first pass dynamic contrast-enhanced 16-slice spiral CT: correlation of tumor vascularity with pathological characteristics / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of first pass dynamic 16-slice spiral computed tomography in the evaluation of tumor angiogenesis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to assess its importance in predicting pathologic characteristics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The first pass dynamic 16-slice spiral computed tomography was performed in 33 patients with NSCLC. Their peak heights (PH) were measured with dynamic evaluation software. Their angiogenesis were labelled by anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody. The first pass peak heights (PH) in 33 patients with NSCLC were compared with their microvessel densities (MVD) and their relationships were assessed by linear regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 33 patients with NSCLCs, the mean first pass PH and MVD of N1-2 were significantly higher than those at stage No (P < 0.01). The first pass PH of 33 NSCLC was correlated positively with MVDs. To differentiate stage N0 from stage N1-2 with 12 HU cutoff value of the first pass PH, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 88.0%, 75.0%, 84.8%, 91.7% and 66.7%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The first pass dynamic contrast enhanced CT may be a predictor of tumor angiogenesis in patients with NSCLC and its pathologic characteristics, and may be helpful to improve the accuracy of lymph node staging with conventional CT.</p>

An electromagnetic navigation system in interventional radiology / 中国医疗器械杂志

This paper introduces the operation principle, experimental research and clinical applications of an electromagnetic navigation system in interventional radiology and looks forward to the prospects for its clinical applications.

Establishment of a liver cancer model induced by DENA in Sprague-Dawley rats / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To explore the feasible approach for establishment of a liver cancer model induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine(DENA)with Sprague-Dawley rat,and to provide ideal animal model for imaging diagnosis and interventional therapy.Methods One-hundred and forty male SD rats were administrated with 0.95 g/L DENA for 10 weeks,and MRI was performed for inspecting pathological changes of rat livers on the following week.When the liver tumor was proved then the rat will be the candidate for sequential procedures,otherwise the animal continued under observation until next MRI examination after 4 weeks.DSA was done in 64 rats'for detecting blood supply of liver tumors.Animals were sacrificed with an overdose of chloral hydrate,The representative tumor tissues were fixed in 10% formalin and 2.5% glutaraldehyde for light and electron microscopy analysis respectively.Alpha fetoprotein(AFP) and hepatocyte were assaied by immunohistochemistry technique in order to identify intrinsic trait of the harvested tumors.Results The earliest induced tumor was detected on 11th week and the latest was on 20th week by MRI,and the median period was 13.9 weeks.Tumor size ranged from 2 mm to 40 mm in diameter. The rate of single and multi-induced tumor was 9.7%(7/72)and 90.3%(65/72),respectively.87.7% (57/65)" of the induced multiple tumors was with hepatocirrhosis and 18.1% of these tumors combined with extrahepatic neoplasm or metastasis.Plenty blood supply was proved by DSA in most of those tumors. Tumors not only derived from hepatocyte but also manifested positive expression of AFP.Histological types of these tumors include hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(92.0%,66/72),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC)(4.0%,3/72),and combined HCC and ICC(4.0%,3/72),respectively.Electro-microscope analysis indicated that cytoplasm and organelle of induced tumors were abnormal distinctly compared with those of non-carcinomatous cells.Conclusion DENA can induce ideal rat liver cancer as a feasible animal model,MRI is the best approach for scrutinizing pathological changes of rat livers during induced period.

Pericardial sinuses and recesses effusion of 16-slice helical CT imaging and anatomic correlation / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the CT features and implications of the pericardial sinuses and recesses effusion by combining the sectional cadavers and 16 mttlti-slice CT(MSCT)reformation.Methods The anatomy and communication of the pericardial sinuses and recesses on the axial,coronal and saggital sectional cadavers(respectively 1 case),and the morphologic features on MSCT reformatted images in 104 patients were observed,The detection rate of effusion was analyzed.Results The sectional cadavers and CT images showed that the pericardia] sinuses and recesses were formed by the reflections of the pericardium on the root of the great vessels.The detection rate of the sinuses and recesses was lower in small effusion than in moderate and large effusion(P