ABSTRACT
Medicinal values and their chemical bases of Paris (Trilliaceae) are reviewed. Paris plants include 40 species and varieties. Among them, 18 ones are medicinal plants with similarity in traditional uses. Fourteen species have been studied phytochemically, which led to isolation of 207 compounds including 121 steroidal saponins. These saponins are major active constituents from Paris plants, which can explain the traditional uses of the plants to treat cancer, malignant boil, bleeding, gastritis, and so on. The similarity in medicinal uses and chemical constituents of Paris plants implies the possibility of resource substitution among these species. It is worth to further investigate Paris plants in chemical constituents, pharmacological activity, biological property, and toxicology.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Magnoliopsida , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The gradually increasing changes in a human hyperlipidemic diet along with chronic stress might play an important role in the increased numbers of fatty liver. This study investigated the effects of Ilex asprella root decoction on related genes of lipid metabolism in chronic stress in hyperlipidemic fatty liver in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group, model control group, simvastatin group, and Ilex asprella root group. To establish chronic stress and hyperlipidemic fatty liver models in rats, the levels of serum lipids, glucose, liver index, insulin (INS), insulin resistant (IR) index, adiponectin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-pX), glutathione (GSH), liver X receptor (LXR), and sterol responsive element binding protein (SREBP)-1c in rats were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When compared to the normal control group, the levels of serum lipids, glucose, liver index, INS, IR index, and GSH in the model control group significantly increased (P < 0.01). The protein levels of LXRα and SREBP-1c increased (P < 0.05), and the serum adiponectin and the SOD and GSH-pX decreased significantly (P < 0.01). When compared to the model control group, the levels of serum lipids, glucose, liver index, INS, IR index, SOD, and GSH-pX in the simvastatin group and Ilex asprella root group increased in varying degrees (P < 0.01 or 0.05); the serum adiponectin and GSH decreased (P < 0.05), while the protein levels of LXRα and SREBP-1c decreased in varying degrees (P < 0.01 or 0.05). When compared to the simvastatin group, the IR index and protein levels of LXRα in the Ilex asprella root group decreased (P < 0.05), and the serum adiponectin and SOD increased (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Ilex asprella root decoction has some protective effects on regulating the related genes of lipid metabolism caused by chronic stress and hyperlipidemic fatty liver in rats.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Fatty Liver , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Hyperlipidemias , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Ilex , Chemistry , Lipid Metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation , Liver X Receptors , Orphan Nuclear Receptors , Genetics , Plant Extracts , Chemistry , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Rats, Wistar , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 , GeneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#Comprehensively analysis the correlation and the law of variation between the height of a person and the length of his/her footprint.@*METHODS@#Collecting footprint samples of those people of different age and sex from different area all of our country, and adopt the regressive analysis method to study these samples.@*RESULTS@#A sum of useful data and regressive equation were obtained.@*CONCLUSION@#The correlation between the height of a person and the length of his/her footprint is obviously, the approximate height of a person can be reckoned according to thelength of his/her footprints.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Age Factors , Body Height , Foot/anatomy & histology , Forensic Medicine/methods , Regression Analysis , Sex Factors , Shoes/classificationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#Comprehensively analysis the correlation and the law of variation between the height of a person and the length of his/her handprint.@*METHODS@#Collecting handprint samples of those people of different age and sex from different area all of our country, and adopt the regressive analysis method to study these samples.@*RESULTS@#A sum of useful data and regressive equation were obtained.@*CONCLUSION@#The correlation between the height of a person and the length of his/her handprint is obviously, the approximate height of a person can be reckoned according to the length of his/her handprints.