ABSTRACT
Many major neurodegenerative diseases are associated with proteins misfolding and aggregation, which are also called "neurodegenerative conformational disease". The interaction of gene mutation and environmental factors are probably primary events resulting in oligomer and aggregate formations of proteins. Moreover, the dysfunctions of protein control systems, i.e. the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy-lysosomal system, also contribute to the neurodegenerative process. The present review mainly summarizes protein misfolding and aggregation in the development of neurodegenerative conformational disease and the underling mechanisms, as well as upregulation of heatshock proteins as a promising treatment method for this kind of disease.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the value of clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) in predicting the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation therapy in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD). Methods The clinical data of 67 AECOPD patients with respiratory failure were analyzed with CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ were calculated respectively. The trachea cannula and death rates of patients with different CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ were observed. Results CPIS≥18 scores and APACHE Ⅱ≥25 scores indicated higher trachea cannula and death rates (P< 0.01).The area under the curve was above 0.90 in both CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ . Conclusions CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ can be helpful in giving timely trachea eannula to AECOPD patients with respiratory failure. CPIS and APACHE Ⅱ play important roles in evaluation and forecasting prognosis.