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Objective:To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infections in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients at high altitude and peripheral inflammatory markers.Methods:In this prospective study, 120 PD patients in Qinghai Province(altitude: 2260 m)were enrolled and evaluated using PD motor symptom scales and a non-motor symptom scale.The 13C-Urea breath test was used to detect Hp, and patients were divided into an Hp infection group and a non-Hp infection group based on test results.The levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), white blood cell counts and ratios, serum interleukin-6(IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were measured. Results:The incidence of Hp infections in PD patients was 56.67%(68/120).The scores of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS)-Ⅲ, UPDRS-Ⅳ, total UPDRS, Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y)score, constipation scoring system(CSS)and Leeds dyspepsia questionnaire(LDQ)in the Hp infection group were higher than those in the non-Hp infection group, while the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)score was lower in the non-Hp infection group(all P<0.05).The neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(MLR), serum IL-6 and TNF-α in the Hp-infection group were elevated compared with the non-Hp infection group(all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-6, TNF-α, NLR and H-Y score were independent risk factors for Hp infections in PD patients( OR=1.103, 1.188, 3.320, 4.593, respectively, all P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that IL-6, TNF-α and NLR had positive correlations with UPDRS-Ⅲ( r=0.676, 0.644, 0.488, respectively), UPDRS-Ⅳ( r=0.679, 0.660, 0.430, respectively), UPDRS-total score( r=0.391, 0.448, 0.319, respectively), H-Y( r=0.610, 0.750, 0.460, respectively), CSS( r=0.529, 0.366, 0.212, respectively)and LDQ( r=0.581, 0.440, 0.263, respectively), but were negatively correlated with MMSE score( r=-0.617, -0.596, -0.321, respectively)(all P<0.05). Conclusions:Peripheral inflammation caused by Hp infections may be involved in the occurrence and development of Parkinson's disease at high altitude and serum IL-6, TNF-α and NLR could serve as indicators to evaluate PD patients with Hp infections.
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Objective:To observe the body fluid and cellular immune function of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in the plateau area, as well as the exchanges of these factors during the comprehensive rehabilitation treatment.Methods:A total number of 144 children admitted to Xining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2018 to October 2019 were selected as the CP group for comprehensive rehabilitation treatment (consecutive courses). The peripheral blood immunoglobulin/complement (IgA, IgG, lgM, C3, C4) level, T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) content was examined in the clinical specimens before and after treatment by using the immunoturbidimetry, flow cytometry, electrochemiluminescence analysis according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Gross Motor Function Test Scale (GMFM-88). Children were divided as the different degrees to evaluate the rehabilitation efficacy. A total number of 50 healthy children taken a health check/physical examinations during the same period were considered as the control group. For statistical Analysis, the χ2 test and independent sample t test were performed. Results:The levels of humoral immune IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 in CP Group [(6.42±1.05), (0.64±0.13), (0.89±0.13), (0.80±0.08), (0.17±0.03) g/L, respectively] in CP groups′ children were lower than those in the control group [(10.25±0.62), (1.04±0.06), (1.06±0.17), (1.04±0.04), (0.27±0.04) g/L, respectively]. The humoral immune IgG and IgA levels [severe (5.40±0.69) and (0.55±0.09)g/L, moderate (6.63±0.30) and (0.66±0.14)g/L, mild (7.57±0.63) and (0.74±0.09)g/L, P<0.05] were also related to the children with CP of different GMFCS grades. Moreover, the level of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+) in the CP group were not statistically different to that in the control groups children. Receiving the rehabilitation treatment, the levels of serum humoral IgG and IgA in CP Group (7.69±1.14) and (0.79±0.17) g/L were significantly enhanced; whereas the serum NSE (12.82±2.49) μg/L was lower than that before treatment (18.57±3.08) μg/L, and the total score of GMFM-88 (121.35±26.51) was higher than that before treatment (101.04±27.62). The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). IgM, C3, C4 and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) had no significant difference compared with those before treatment ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Children with CP at high altitude have abnormal humoral immune function. IgG and IgA may be related to the severity of CP and neuronal damage. Comprehensive rehabilitation can not only improve the motor function of children with CP, relieve neuronal damage, but also enhance their humoral immunity status.
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Bronchial asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and recurrent episodes of reversible airway obstruction. Due to different pathophysiological mechanisms, the disease is very heterogeneous in clinical manifestation, course of disease, response to treatment, phenotype etc. There is a strong need for biomarkers to assess the characteration and severity of the disease. Recently, lymphocyte and blood cells, antibodies, cytokines, chemokines, noncoding RNA and other protein markers have been studied as blood biomarkers of asthma. The present article summarized these biomarkers in diagnosis, phenotyping and treatment efficacy.
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Food specific IgG antibody detection has been widely carried out at home and abroad in recent years. The controversial issues mainly focus on whether the test is applicable to the diagnosis of allergic diseases, whether it has clear clinical significance, the relevant description in the international allergy guidelines, and the mechanism of action. This paper mainly discussed the above issues, summarized the clinical applicability of food specific IgG antibody detection.
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Objective@#To discuss the effects of sample storage time and temperature on lymphocyte subsets detected by flow cytometry.@*Methods@#Use flow cytometry to detect lymphocyte subsets of a total of 53 blood samples from hospitalized and out-patient patients in Qinghai Provincial People′s Hospital from October 26, 2018 to March 30, 2019. The test was completed within 4 hours after sample collection, which is the control group. The treatment groups are as follows: pretreatment was completed within 4 hours and detected after saving samples at room temperature (group A) for 24 and 36 hours; the tests were performed after keeping samples at room temperature (group B) for 24, 48, 72 hours; completed detection after preserving samples in 4 ℃ condition (group C) for 24, 48, 72 hours.@*Results@#In treatment group A, there was no significant difference in the results of lymphocyte subsets detected after 24 hours of storage compared with the control group(P>0.05); after 36 h of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes percentages were significantly increased [(74.28±11.31)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.15±14.82)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], while CD19+cells percentage were markedly decreased [(15.60±12.23)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]. In group B, compared with the control group, there was no obvious change in lymphocyte subsets tested after 24 hours(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD19+cells percentage were observably reduced [(15.60±12.09)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05], while other results showed no obvious change (P>0.05); after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages elevated significantly [(75.78±11.18)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.57±14.90)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(14.89±11.92)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]. In group C, there also was no significant change in the results between detecting after 24 hours and the control group(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD3+CD8+T cells percentage elevated obviously [(32.03±14.95)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; P<0.05] and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(15.32±11.97)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]; after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages were significantly increased [(75.63±11.08)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.62±14.98)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], while CD56+and CD19+cells percentages were reduced observably [(8.21±6.52)% vs (9.02±6.80)%, (14.83±11.79)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; all P<0.05].@*Conclusions@#The blood samples can be kept at room temperature and the testshould be completed within 48 h if the detection of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry cannot be performed in time; for the samples that have been pretreated, detection can be completed after saving at room temperature for 24 h, and the above treatments had no significant effect on the inspection results.
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[Abastract] Objective To discuss the effects of sample storage time and temperature on lymphocyte subsets detected by flow cytometry.Methods Use flow cytometry to detect lymphocyte subsets of a total of 53 blood samples from hospitalized and out-patient patients in Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from October 26, 2018 to March 30, 2019. The test was completed within 4 hours after sample collection, which is the control group. The treatment groups are as follows: pretreatment was completed within 4 hours and detected after saving samples at room temperature (group A) for 24 and 36 hours;the tests were performed after keeping samples at room temperature (group B) for 24, 48, 72 hours; completed detection after preserving samples in 4℃condition (group C) for 24, 48, 72 hours. Results In treatment group A, there was no significant difference in the results of lymphocyte subsets detected after 24 hours of storage compared with the control group(P>0.05);after 36 h of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes percentages were significantly increased [(74.28 ± 11.31)％vs (73.78 ± 11.33)％, (32.15 ± 14.82)％vs (31.00 ± 14.79)％;all P<0.05], while CD19+cells percentage were markedly decreased [(15.60 ± 12.23)％vs (16.11 ± 12.38)％;P<0.05]. In group B, compared with the control group, there was no obvious change in lymphocyte subsets tested after 24 hours(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD19+cells percentage were observably reduced [(15.60 ± 12.09)％ vs (16.11 ± 12.38)％;P<0.05], while other results showed no obvious change (P>0.05); after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages elevated significantly [(75.78 ± 11.18)％vs (73.78 ± 11.33)％, (32.57 ± 14.90)％vs (31.00 ± 14.79)％;all P<0.05], and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(14.89±11.92)％vs (16.11±12.38)％;P<0.05]. In group C, there also was no significant change in the results between detecting after 24 hours and the control group(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD3+CD8+T cells percentage elevated obviously [(32.03±14.95)％vs (31.00±14.79)％;P<0.05] and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(15.32±11.97)％vs (16.11±12.38)％;P<0.05];after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages were significantly increased [(75.63±11.08)％vs (73.78± 11.33)％, (32.62 ± 14.98)％vs (31.00 ± 14.79)％;all P<0.05], while CD56+and CD19+cells percentages were reduced observably [(8.21 ± 6.52)％ vs (9.02 ± 6.80)％, (14.83 ± 11.79)％ vs (16.11 ± 12.38)％;all P<0.05]. Conclusions The blood samples can be kept at room temperature and the testshould be completed within 48 h if the detection of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry cannot be performed in time;for the samples that have been pretreated, detection can be completed after saving at room temperature for 24 h, and the above treatments had no significant effect on the inspection results.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid level or hyperuricemia of healthy adults and gender , age, ethnicity and altitude in plateau area .Methods 17 358 healthy adults were randomly selected from Qinghai People′s Hospital Physical Examination Center from January 2016 to December 2016.We detected serum uric acid of these healthy controls and analyzed its relationship between gender , age and ethnicity.Besides, serum uric acid data of 7 596 healthy adults were collected to investigate its relationship between altitude .Those adults who were from different altitude areas were localized in Tibet.The serum uric acid was detected by Roche Modular DPP automatic biochemical analyzer.Results The serum uric acid of healthy adults who lived in Qinghai at 2 300 m above sea level generally formed a normal distribution.Serum uric acid of male and female was (371.14 ±69.33)μmol/L and (271.38 ±54.49) μmol/L respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that gender and ethnicity were the main factors which influence serum uric acid level at the same altitude (2 300 m).The serum uric acid levels and high uric acid detection rates between different genders and ethnicity at the same altitude were statistically significant .The serum uric acid levels and high uric acid detection rates of hyperuricemia among Tibetan healthy adult males at different altitudes were statistically significant .The simulated equation based on the elevation of serum uric acid and altitude difference was Y＝0.041X+4.474 (Y:the rise of serum uric acid, X:Bad altitude,R2＝0.716).Conclusions Gender, ethnicity and altitude are the main factors influencing serum uric acid level and the high rate of hyperuricemia of healthy adult in Qinghai Plateau, among which, that of Tibetan are significantly higher than other ethnic groups .And serum uric acid levels increase along with altitude.
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Objective To investigate the basic status and the 15 quality indicators in clinical laboratory of medical institutionin in Qinghai provinces, and to understand the quality status.Methods Clinet-EQA system was applied by Qinghai Center for Clinical Laboratories to provide the electronic questionnaire for the clinical laboratory of 106 medical institutions in April 2016 and report related results online.The software of Clinet-EQA system and SPSS13.0 were used for 15 quality indicators for statiatical analysis,13 indicators expressed in rate were further evaluated with sigma scales.Results Totally 102 laboratories returned questionnaires, the rate was of 96.2%.8/13 quality indicators of the overall sigma levels were all >3.The average level of 4 quality indicators such as the sample type error rate was slightly lower than the national.Comparison of the 4 quality indicators of each grade hospital in Qinghai and the same grade hospital in the national, secondary hospital in clinical chemistry, immunology, clinical examination,microbiology in the four major performed better than tertiary hospital.In routine examination, pre-analytical TAT average level of clinical chemistry and immunology was about 50 min,and of blood,urine and stool was 45 min.Pre-analytical TAT in emergency examination for all four disciplines were about 15 min.Intra-analytical TAT for clinical chemistry was the longest,which was 120 min for routine examination and 40 min for emergency examination,respectiely.The average level of the median TAT of blood,urine and stool in routine examination of Intra-analytical in Qinghai was longer than the national.For example of clinical chemistry, routine examination both in pre-analytical TAT and in Intra-analytical TAT was statistically significant in different scales of laboratories,and emergency examination in pre-analytical TAT and in Intra-analytical TAT was not statistically significant.Conclusions 4/13 quality indicators which expressed in rate in the average level in Qinghai province were lower than the national,the average level of the median TAT of blood,urine and stool in routine examination of Intra-analytical in Qinghai was longer than the national.The laboratory should focus on the weak links and continue improvement.